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Veset: Difference between revisions
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After the woman went to the mikveh and has not yet seen any blood there is time when she is expecting her next period during which she is forbidden to her husband. That day when she is considered to be expecting her period is called a veset. If it is established as a pattern (veset kavuah) it is treated more seriously, while if that day isn't established in some pattern there are a few days on which she is considered to be anticipating her period (veset sheino kavuah).<ref> The Gemara in Masechet Shevuot 18b establishes the requirement for a husband and wife to abstain from intimacy at certain times when the onset of the wife’s menstrual flow is anticipated. based on the pasuk (Vayikra 15:31), “Ve’hizartem Et Beneh Yisrael Mi’tum’atam” (“You shall separate the Israelites from their impurity”). The Gemara explained this verse to mean that one must separate from his wife on the occasions when she is prone to becoming impure. Even though no blood has been sighted, and, as such, the wife is still Tehora, the couple may not engage in intimacy, given the likelihood of the wife’s becoming Nidda during these periods.</ref> | After the woman went to the mikveh and has not yet seen any blood there is time when she is expecting her next period during which she is forbidden to her husband. That day when she is considered to be expecting her period is called a veset. If it is established as a pattern (veset kavuah) it is treated more seriously, while if that day isn't established in some pattern there are a few days on which she is considered to be anticipating her period (veset sheino kavuah).<ref> The Gemara in Masechet Shevuot 18b establishes the requirement for a husband and wife to abstain from intimacy at certain times when the onset of the wife’s menstrual flow is anticipated. based on the pasuk (Vayikra 15:31), “Ve’hizartem Et Beneh Yisrael Mi’tum’atam” (“You shall separate the Israelites from their impurity”). The Gemara explained this verse to mean that one must separate from his wife on the occasions when she is prone to becoming impure. Even though no blood has been sighted, and, as such, the wife is still Tehora, the couple may not engage in intimacy, given the likelihood of the wife’s becoming Nidda during these periods.</ref> | ||
==A Woman without an Established Veset Pattern== | ==A Woman without an Established Veset Pattern== | ||
[[File:Veset.jpg|thumb|Onah Beynonit on ל, Chodesh on א, and Haflagah of 33 on ג]] | |||
# Most women today don't see their period in a regular pattern. If that is the case, there are 3 concerns of veset that apply to such a woman: Onah Beynonit (regular period), Chodesh (monthly pattern), and Haflagah (interval pattern). Each of these apply from the last time she saw her period. | # Most women today don't see their period in a regular pattern. If that is the case, there are 3 concerns of veset that apply to such a woman: Onah Beynonit (regular period), Chodesh (monthly pattern), and Haflagah (interval pattern). Each of these apply from the last time she saw her period. | ||
===Onah Beynonit=== | ===Onah Beynonit=== | ||
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===Veset Hachodesh (Monthly Pattern)=== | ===Veset Hachodesh (Monthly Pattern)=== | ||
[[File:Veset short month.jpg|thumb|Beynonit and Chodesh on א, Haflagah of 33 on ד]] | |||
# If a woman doesn't have an established veset, she should mark the day of the month on the Hebrew calendar when she last saw and her veset will be on the same day of the month the next month.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch 189:6</ref> Whether the veset falls out by night or by the day depends on the last time she saw. If it was by day the veset is by day and if it was by night then the veset is by night.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch 189:13</ref> | # If a woman doesn't have an established veset, she should mark the day of the month on the Hebrew calendar when she last saw and her veset will be on the same day of the month the next month.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch 189:6</ref> Whether the veset falls out by night or by the day depends on the last time she saw. If it was by day the veset is by day and if it was by night then the veset is by night.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch 189:13</ref> | ||
# The veset hachodesh is established from month to month irrelevant of whether the month is 29 or 30 days.<ref>Tosfot Niddah 64a s.v. itmar, Raavad p. 48, Rashba (Torat Habayit 9a), Tur and Shulchan Aruch 189:6</ref> | # The veset hachodesh is established from month to month irrelevant of whether the month is 29 or 30 days.<ref>Tosfot Niddah 64a s.v. itmar, Raavad p. 48, Rashba (Torat Habayit 9a), Tur and Shulchan Aruch 189:6</ref> | ||
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===Veset Haflagah (Interval Pattern)=== | ===Veset Haflagah (Interval Pattern)=== | ||
[[Image:Haflagah.jpg|200px|left]] | |||
# If a woman doesn't have an established veset, she should calculate the interval between the last time she saw her period and two times ago.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 189:2</ref> Counting the same number of days from the last period establishes the day of the veset. Whether the veset falls out by night or by the day depends on the last time she saw. If it was by day the veset is by day and if it was by night then the veset is by night.<Ref>Pitchei Teshuva 189:9 citing the Nodeh Beyehuda YD 2:83. The Badei Hashulchan 192:92 outlines the two positions regarding this question. The Shulchan Aruch Harav holds that the amount of Onot (12 hour periods) are counted from the last time she saw until this time and then the next veset is expected that number of Onot from her period. For example, if she saw on Sunday day and then again Saturday night 4 weeks later (which is 55 Onot), she would have a veset haflagah on the Shabbat day 4 weeks later (which is also 55 Onot). However, the Nodeh Beyehuda argues that we count the days and only afterwards do we establish which Onah within the day it was, night or day. Therefore, in the above example, she would have her veset haflagah on Motzei Shabbat 4 weeks later. | # If a woman doesn't have an established veset, she should calculate the interval between the last time she saw her period and two times ago.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 189:2</ref> Counting the same number of days from the last period establishes the day of the veset. Whether the veset falls out by night or by the day depends on the last time she saw. If it was by day the veset is by day and if it was by night then the veset is by night.<Ref>Pitchei Teshuva 189:9 citing the Nodeh Beyehuda YD 2:83. The Badei Hashulchan 192:92 outlines the two positions regarding this question. The Shulchan Aruch Harav holds that the amount of Onot (12 hour periods) are counted from the last time she saw until this time and then the next veset is expected that number of Onot from her period. For example, if she saw on Sunday day and then again Saturday night 4 weeks later (which is 55 Onot), she would have a veset haflagah on the Shabbat day 4 weeks later (which is also 55 Onot). However, the Nodeh Beyehuda argues that we count the days and only afterwards do we establish which Onah within the day it was, night or day. Therefore, in the above example, she would have her veset haflagah on Motzei Shabbat 4 weeks later. | ||
Therefore, a woman would not establish a veset haflagah kavuah if the 3 intervals aren't in the same Onah. However, regarding a veset sheino kavuah the Badei Hashulchan concludes that the veset is established even if the two periods are in different Onot and we would follow the veset haflagah from the Onah of the last period. </ref> | Therefore, a woman would not establish a veset haflagah kavuah if the 3 intervals aren't in the same Onah. However, regarding a veset sheino kavuah the Badei Hashulchan concludes that the veset is established even if the two periods are in different Onot and we would follow the veset haflagah from the Onah of the last period. </ref> | ||
# A minority opinion holds that unless both the first and second period which create the haflagah interval are both in the day or both by night there is concern of a veset even as a veset sheino kavuah.<ref>Aruch Hashulchan 189:26</ref> | |||
===Uncommon Vestot=== | ===Uncommon Vestot=== | ||
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===Uncommon Vestot=== | ===Uncommon Vestot=== | ||
====Physical Activity Causing a Period==== | ====Physical Activity Causing a Period==== | ||
# A woman who jumps and sees her period each certain number of days after 3 times she establishes a veset for seeing on that day of the interval only when she jumps.<ref>The Gemara 11a quotes a Briatta that states that a veset can't be established based on an unexpected event such as jumping, however, a veset which is a combination of both jumping and days can be established. The Tosfot 11a s.v. elah and Rashba ([http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=8922&st=&pgnum=363 Torat Habayit 13a]) maintain that it is impossible to create a veset for jumping alone. However, the Baal | # A woman who jumps and sees her period each certain number of days after 3 times she establishes a veset for seeing on that day of the interval only when she jumps.<ref>The Gemara 11a quotes a Briatta that states that a veset can't be established based on an unexpected event such as jumping, however, a veset which is a combination of both jumping and days can be established. The Tosfot 11a s.v. elah and Rashba ([http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=8922&st=&pgnum=363 Torat Habayit 13a]) maintain that it is impossible to create a veset for jumping alone. However, the Baal Hamaor (cited by the Rashba) and Tur 189:17 argue that the gemara was only offering an explanation of the Briatta but Rav Huna held that jumping alone establishes a veset. Shulchan Aruch 189:17 follows the opinion of the Tosfot. Rama writes that although it cannot establish a veset, it could create a veset sheayno kavua</ref> The period is established after 3 times and before then she is concerned for her regular veset of interval and day of the month.<ref>Shach 189:48, Pri Deah (Siftei Levi 189:48)</ref> The same can be established for a day of the month and jumping.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 189:18</ref> | ||
# If she has an established veset of a combination of jumping and an interval or days of the month she is permitted until the time in the day when she jumps.<ref>Chavot Daat 189:25</ref> | # If she has an established veset of a combination of jumping and an interval or days of the month she is permitted until the time in the day when she jumps.<ref>Chavot Daat 189:25</ref> | ||
====Indicators of a Period==== | ====Indicators of a Period==== | ||
# A veset can be created based on physical signs of the body such as | # A veset can be created based on physical signs of the body such as stretching, yawning, burping, flatulating, sneezing, having an ache in one's stomach area, or fever. One sneeze or yawn would not qualify because that is normal; it must be a sneezing fit or yawning fit of some sort.<Ref>Mishna Niddah 63a, Shulchan Aruch YD 189:19. Shach 189:53 writes that there are different interpretations of מתעטשת, either sneezing or passing gas, but both of them are correct in Halacha </ref> | ||
# In order to be veset kavua has to be 3 of the same symptom, not 1 yawn and 2 sneezes.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 189:23 </ref> | |||
# PMS, irritability and ice cream cravings aren't considered reliable indicators to create a veset.<ref> Rabbi Forst The Laws of Niddah pg. 340 </ref> | |||
====Increasing Days of the Month==== | ====Increasing Days of the Month==== | ||
# A woman doesn't need to be concerned of a increasing veset before it is established.<ref>Raavad ([http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=8785&st=&pgnum=47 Baalei Hanefesh p. 49]), Rashba ([http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=8922&st=&pgnum=366 Torat Habayit 14b]), Shulchan Aruch 189:11</ref> | # A woman doesn't need to be concerned of a increasing veset before it is established.<ref>Raavad ([http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=8785&st=&pgnum=47 Baalei Hanefesh p. 49]), Rashba ([http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=8922&st=&pgnum=366 Torat Habayit 14b]), Shulchan Aruch 189:11</ref> | ||
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==How to Uproot a Veset== | ==How to Uproot a Veset== | ||
# A veset kavuah is uprooted only after missing it three times, while a non-kavuah veset is uprooted with one time.<Ref>Rav Papa in Niddah 64a says that a non-kavuah veset is established and removed with one time. However, a kavuah veset the Mishna 63b says takes 3 times to establish and remove. Tur and Shulchan Aruch 189:2 codify this.</ref> | # A veset kavuah is uprooted only after missing it three times, while a non-kavuah veset is uprooted with one time.<Ref>Rav Papa in Niddah 64a says that a non-kavuah veset is established and removed with one time. However, a kavuah veset the Mishna 63b says takes 3 times to establish and remove. Tur and Shulchan Aruch 189:2 codify this.</ref> | ||
# If she has a veset kavua to see every 20 days, and one time sees after 30 instead, she needs to be concerned about 20 days after that as kavua, and if she doesn't see at 20, then 30 as ayno kavua (meaning ten days after 20). If she then sees on that day 30, she needs to be concerned for both of those days on the next cycle once again. If she sees on 30 a third time, day 30 becomes the new veset kavua. If after one or 2 deviations from 20 to 30, she then sees 20 again, that becomes kavua again and 30 goes away. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 189:14 </ref> | |||
===A Non-established Veset=== | ===A Non-established Veset=== | ||
# A non-established veset (veset sheino kavuah) is uprooted if she missed seeing blood once<ref>Gemara Niddah 64a establishes that she only needs to uproot it once. Shulchan Aruch 189:2 codifies this.</ref> and even if she forgot and didn't do a bedika.<ref>[http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=40885&st=&pgnum=435 Ramban (Hilchot Niddah 5:19)], The Laws of Niddah v. 1 p. 325</ref> | # A non-established veset (veset sheino kavuah) is uprooted if she missed seeing blood once<ref>Gemara Niddah 64a establishes that she only needs to uproot it once. Shulchan Aruch 189:2 codifies this.</ref> and even if she forgot and didn't do a bedika.<ref>[http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=40885&st=&pgnum=435 Ramban (Hilchot Niddah 5:19)], The Laws of Niddah v. 1 p. 325</ref> | ||
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## If a woman had a veset kavuah for the chodesh she is concerned for the first three months of pregnancy.<ref>Tur and Shulchan Aruch 189:16, Maharshal cited by Taz 189:31, Shach 189:45, Darkei Tahara p. 83. The explanation is that since the veset is established by the calendaric date there is a concern that she will see then even though she didn't see anything the previous month. It is unlike other expected periods that depend on a time interval which according to some poskim don't apply when she didn't see anything the previous month.</ref> | ## If a woman had a veset kavuah for the chodesh she is concerned for the first three months of pregnancy.<ref>Tur and Shulchan Aruch 189:16, Maharshal cited by Taz 189:31, Shach 189:45, Darkei Tahara p. 83. The explanation is that since the veset is established by the calendaric date there is a concern that she will see then even though she didn't see anything the previous month. It is unlike other expected periods that depend on a time interval which according to some poskim don't apply when she didn't see anything the previous month.</ref> | ||
# A post-partum woman whether she is nursing or not needs to be concerned about vestot if she does see her period. That is, she needs to be concerned about a non-established veset, establishing a veset, and about a previous veset.<ref>The gemara Niddah 9a treats a post-partum woman as someone who isn't supposed to see her period for 24 months. Based on the Rashba ([http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=8922&st=&pgnum=363 Torat Habayit 13a]) this has relevance to not being concerned about veset. The Shulchan Aruch 189:33 rules that a woman who gave birth doesn't establish a veset for 24 months whether or not she is actually nursing, but should be concerned for a non-established veset. The Shulchan Aruch 189:34 also rules that a woman who gave birth for 24 month doesn't need to be concerned for her old veset. Nonetheless, Igrot Moshe YD 3:52 rules that since nowadays women do see their period within 24 months of birth we have to be concerned for a veset during that time. This is also the opinion of Taharat Habayit v. 1 p. 85. Laws of Niddah v. 1 p. 376 writes that many poskim agree.</ref> | # A post-partum woman whether she is nursing or not needs to be concerned about vestot if she does see her period. That is, she needs to be concerned about a non-established veset, establishing a veset, and about a previous veset.<ref>The gemara Niddah 9a treats a post-partum woman as someone who isn't supposed to see her period for 24 months. Based on the Rashba ([http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=8922&st=&pgnum=363 Torat Habayit 13a]) this has relevance to not being concerned about veset. The Shulchan Aruch 189:33 rules that a woman who gave birth doesn't establish a veset for 24 months whether or not she is actually nursing, but should be concerned for a non-established veset. The Shulchan Aruch 189:34 also rules that a woman who gave birth for 24 month doesn't need to be concerned for her old veset. Nonetheless, Igrot Moshe YD 3:52 rules that since nowadays women do see their period within 24 months of birth we have to be concerned for a veset during that time. This is also the opinion of Taharat Habayit v. 1 p. 85. Laws of Niddah v. 1 p. 376 writes that many poskim agree.</ref> | ||
# The blood accompanying childbirth has no relevance to her veset, neither to establish a onah beynonit or a beginning of the interval to set when she'll bleed next. Until she menstruates once after childbirth there is no concern of veset.<ref>The Laws of Niddah v. 1 p. 375. Badei Hashulchan 189:33 s.v. shetireh writes that blood of childbirth is certainly different than niddah blood, however, he is unsure when the consider the blood accompanying the childbirth to have ended. </ref> | # The blood accompanying childbirth has no relevance to her veset, neither to establish a onah beynonit or a beginning of the interval to set when she'll bleed next. Until she menstruates once after childbirth there is no concern of veset.<ref>The Laws of Niddah v. 1 p. 375, Shoshanat Ha'amakim 8:2. Badei Hashulchan 189:33 s.v. shetireh writes that blood of childbirth is certainly different than niddah blood, however, he is unsure when the consider the blood accompanying the childbirth to have ended. </ref> | ||
===24 Months after Childbirth=== | ===24 Months after Childbirth=== | ||
# If a woman began menstruating before 24 months, according to many poskim her old veset applies and she can create a new established veset or a non-established veset. During that time she can't uproot an old veset by seeing on other times or by establishing a new established veset. <Ref>The Laws of Niddah v. 1 p. 376-7 clarifies that considering the period of 24 months after childbirth to be a time when she might see her period is only a chumra but it can't be used to uproot an old veset. However, if she did menstruate before 24 months then after 24 months there is no new concern immediately upon the conclusion of 24 months. </ref> | # If a woman began menstruating before 24 months, according to many poskim her old veset applies and she can create a new established veset or a non-established veset. During that time she can't uproot an old veset by seeing on other times or by establishing a new established veset. <Ref>The Laws of Niddah v. 1 p. 376-7 clarifies that considering the period of 24 months after childbirth to be a time when she might see her period is only a chumra but it can't be used to uproot an old veset. However, if she did menstruate before 24 months then after 24 months there is no new concern immediately upon the conclusion of 24 months. </ref> | ||
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==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Niddah]] | |||
