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Tikkun Chatzot: Difference between revisions
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# Women may say Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. <ref> Sh"t Rav Poalim 1:9 (Sod Yesharim), Ben Ish Chai Vayishlach 6 write that women shouldn't say Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. However, Kaf HaChaim 1:15, Halichot Olam 1 pg 48, and Halacha Brurah 7 write that women are allowed to say Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. Yalkut Yosef (vol 1, pg 173) rules like the Kaf HaChaim but writes that the minhag is that women don't say Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. </ref> | # Women may say Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. <ref> Sh"t Rav Poalim 1:9 (Sod Yesharim), Ben Ish Chai Vayishlach 6 write that women shouldn't say Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. However, Kaf HaChaim 1:15, Halichot Olam 1 pg 48, and Halacha Brurah 7 write that women are allowed to say Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. Yalkut Yosef (vol 1, pg 173) rules like the Kaf HaChaim but writes that the minhag is that women don't say Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. </ref> | ||
==When it should be said== | ==When it should be said== | ||
# Ashkenazim hold that it should be said right before [[Chatzot]] (midnight) and then one should learn from [[Chatzot]] until morning when one can pray. <ref> Mikdash Melech on Zohar (Vayahakel 195c) writes the Tikkun [[Chatzot]] can be said from the second section of the night which is 2 hours ([[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before [[Chatzot]]. Shulchan Aruch HaRav rules like that. Similarly, Yeshuot Yacov 1 writes that [[Chatzot]] should be said a little before [[Chatzot]]. So rule the Malbim in Arsot HaChaim 1:31 and Mishna Brurah 1:9. See also | # Ashkenazim hold that it should be said right before [[Chatzot]] (midnight) and then one should learn from [[Chatzot]] until morning when one can pray. <ref> Mikdash Melech on Zohar (Vayahakel 195c) writes the Tikkun [[Chatzot]] can be said from the second section of the night which is 2 hours ([[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before [[Chatzot]]. Shulchan Aruch HaRav rules like that. Similarly, Yeshuot Yacov 1 writes that [[Chatzot]] should be said a little before [[Chatzot]]. So rule the Malbim in Arsot HaChaim 1:31 and Mishna Brurah 1:9. See also Shulchan Aruch 1:2 who writes one should wake up to pray to Hashem specifically at the end of the first third, the second third, or at the end of the night because [[prayer]] is especially accepted at those times.</ref> However, Sephardim hold that it should be said at [[Chatzot]] of night or afterwards until [[Olot HaShachar]]. <ref> Sh"t Yachave Daat 1:46 pg 135 based on the Zohar (Chaye Sara pg 132b) and Arizal (Shaar Kavanot pg 52d) that one should not say Tikkun [[Chatzot]] before [[Chatzot]]. This is also the opinion of Aruch HaShulchan 1:21, Birkei Yosef 1:6, Ben Ish Chai (Vishlach 4), Yalkut Yosef (5764 edition, vol 1, pg 165), and Halacha Brurah 1:5 </ref> | ||
# Tikkun [[Chatzot]] should be said before [[Olot HaShachar]]. However, many poskim say that one may say Tikkun Leah after [[Olot HaShachar]]. <ref> Kitzur S”A 1:5 writes that if a person can’t wake up at [[Chatzot]] a person should wake up before Olot Hashachar. Igret Rramaz 11 writes that one should say it before [[Olot HaShachar]] and in a Shat HaDachak one can say it after Olot. This is brought down by the Shaarei [[Teshuva]] 1:6. However, Sh"t Lev Chaim writes that one can say it until the time to put on [[Talit]] and [[Tefilin]]. Ben Ish Chai Vayishlach 8 argues on this based on the language of the Arizal that one shouldn't say it after Olot. Nonetheless, Zichronot Eliyahu 400:17 and Nemukei Orach Chaim (quoted in Maasef LeKol HaMachanot 1:29) say that one can lenient regarding Tikkun Leah. This is also the opinion of Rav Ovadyah in Halichot Olam 1 pg 49, and Halacha Brurah 1:6. </ref> | # Tikkun [[Chatzot]] should be said before [[Olot HaShachar]]. However, many poskim say that one may say Tikkun Leah after [[Olot HaShachar]]. <ref> Kitzur S”A 1:5 writes that if a person can’t wake up at [[Chatzot]] a person should wake up before Olot Hashachar. Igret Rramaz 11 writes that one should say it before [[Olot HaShachar]] and in a Shat HaDachak one can say it after Olot. This is brought down by the Shaarei [[Teshuva]] 1:6. However, Sh"t Lev Chaim writes that one can say it until the time to put on [[Talit]] and [[Tefilin]]. Ben Ish Chai Vayishlach 8 argues on this based on the language of the Arizal that one shouldn't say it after Olot. Nonetheless, Zichronot Eliyahu 400:17 and Nemukei Orach Chaim (quoted in Maasef LeKol HaMachanot 1:29) say that one can lenient regarding Tikkun Leah. This is also the opinion of Rav Ovadyah in Halichot Olam 1 pg 49, and Halacha Brurah 1:6. </ref> | ||
# During the three weeks (Ben HaMetzarim), Tikkun [[Chatzot]] should be said after [[Chatzot]] of the day. <ref> Kaf HaChaim 551:222. Hinted to in Mishna Brurah 551:103, see Piskei Teshuvot there. </ref> | # During the three weeks (Ben HaMetzarim), Tikkun [[Chatzot]] should be said after [[Chatzot]] of the day. <ref> Kaf HaChaim 551:222. Hinted to in Mishna Brurah 551:103, see Piskei Teshuvot there. </ref> | ||
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# Some had the practice to say Tikkun [[Chatzot]] communally in shul. Even though some oppose the practice, it has what to rely on and has it's benefits. <ref> Sh"t Shevut Yacov writes that the practice of some groups to get together to say Tikkun [[Chatzot]] at night in Shul was inappropriate because it displayed arrogance as Tikkun [[Chatzot]] is something only a minority of people keep. However, Chida in Birkei Yosef 1:3 and Mishna Brurah 1:9 argue on the Shevut Yacov because it's preferable to pray as a community as it says "BeRov Am Hadrat Melech". </ref> | # Some had the practice to say Tikkun [[Chatzot]] communally in shul. Even though some oppose the practice, it has what to rely on and has it's benefits. <ref> Sh"t Shevut Yacov writes that the practice of some groups to get together to say Tikkun [[Chatzot]] at night in Shul was inappropriate because it displayed arrogance as Tikkun [[Chatzot]] is something only a minority of people keep. However, Chida in Birkei Yosef 1:3 and Mishna Brurah 1:9 argue on the Shevut Yacov because it's preferable to pray as a community as it says "BeRov Am Hadrat Melech". </ref> | ||
==The feeling with which it should be said== | ==The feeling with which it should be said== | ||
# One should be pained over the destruction of the Temple. <ref> | # One should be pained over the destruction of the Temple. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 1:3 based on the Rosh ([[Brachot]] 3b). </ref> However, in general, when one is learning or praying one should do so with happiness.<ref>Mishna Brurah 1:10, Kaf HaChaim 1:25</reF> | ||
==Relative precedence== | ==Relative precedence== | ||
