Reference of Measurements in Halacha: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
Reference of Measurements in Halacha (view source)
Revision as of 16:16, 30 August 2020
, 30 August 2020→Chatzot
(→Mil) |
|||
| (8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 221: | Line 221: | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Prutah=== | ===Prutah=== | ||
#A [[prutah]] is 1/40 of a gram of silver, which today is equal to {{PrutaVar}} cents.<ref>This evaluation of the pruta in pennies uses the price of an ounce of silver given by a webserver with that information [http://services.packetizer.com/spotprices/ here].</ref> However, the [[prutah]] with regards to the mitzvah of returning a lost object is discussed [[Returning_Lost_Objects#Worth_a_Prutah| here]].<ref>Shulchan C.M. 88:1 says a [[prutah]] is a half of a pearl of barley. Shiurei Torah (Rav Chaim Noeh pg 177) and Shiurei HaMitzvot (Chazon Ish pg 65) say a [[prutah]] is 1/40 of a gram of silver (which currently is about 2.3 cents). Halachos of [[Chanukah]] (Rabbi Shimon Eider, pg 38) quotes Rav Moshe Feinstein saying that a [[prutah]] is 2 or 3 cents and not just one penny. See Halachos of Other People’s Money (Rabbi Bodner pg 150) who quotes Rav Moshe regarding a [[prutah]] for the mitzvah of returning a lost object. </ref> | |||
#A [[prutah]] is 1/40 of a gram of silver | |||
===Dinar=== | ===Dinar=== | ||
| Line 247: | Line 246: | ||
*He also quotes Rabbi Tukachinsky who held like the opinion of 90 minutes. | *He also quotes Rabbi Tukachinsky who held like the opinion of 90 minutes. | ||
*[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/728553/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Shiur_on_Zmanim_in_Halacha Rav Hershel Schachter on yutorah.org] (min 65-7) says that we assume that [[Alot HaShachar]] depends on degrees below horizon and the specific times vary according to one’s location. Similarly, [http://www.ou.org/webcast_kosher Rav Yisrael Belsky] (OU Kosher Webcast, 2011, min 19-21) mentioned in passing that [[Alot HaShachar]] is assumed to be 72 minutes before sunrise, varying according to the longitude and latitude.</ref> | *[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/728553/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Shiur_on_Zmanim_in_Halacha Rav Hershel Schachter on yutorah.org] (min 65-7) says that we assume that [[Alot HaShachar]] depends on degrees below horizon and the specific times vary according to one’s location. Similarly, [http://www.ou.org/webcast_kosher Rav Yisrael Belsky] (OU Kosher Webcast, 2011, min 19-21) mentioned in passing that [[Alot HaShachar]] is assumed to be 72 minutes before sunrise, varying according to the longitude and latitude.</ref> | ||
#According to | #According to Sephardim, Alot HaShachar is 72 minutes before sunrise.<ref>Yalkut Yosef, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, Siman 58, Seif 3. </ref> These minutes are proportional to the length of the day,<ref>Yalkut Yosef, Pesuke DeZimra and Keriat Shema, pages 432-433 based on Rambam, Perush Mishnayot, Masechet Berachot, Perek 1.</ref> and do not depend on current location.<ref>Zmanim KHalacha, page 43, quoting Hacham Ovadia zt"l. Hence, 72 minutes would be 1.2 multiplied by the day's shaa zmanit. Rabbi Yehuda Levi, author of Zmanim KHalacha, argues with Hacham Ovadia on the same page. He writes that the 72 minutes are not calculated based on the shaot zmaniot and do depend on current location. Rabbi Levi's difficulties stem from the Rambam's language and astronomic calculation. In the Berachot (1:1), Rambam uses a unique Arabic term when referring to alot hashachar, one that is not used in reference to zman Kriyat Shema (Berachot 1:5) or a the time of a mil (Pesachim 3:2). Furthermore, in the winter, it starts to become light earlier than it starts to become light the spring and the fall, despite having shorter shaot zmaniot in the winter; given this reality, it is difficult to justify calculating alot hashachar strictly according to shaot zmaniot. Therefore, Rabbi Levi maintains that alot hashachar's calculation is determined by degrees below the horizon.</ref> | ||
'''Degrees below Horizon''' | '''Degrees below Horizon''' | ||
| Line 284: | Line 283: | ||
===Chatzot=== | ===Chatzot=== | ||
#[[Chatzot]] is midday and midnight, always separated by 12 hours.<ref> | #[[Chatzot]] is midday and midnight, always separated by 12 hours.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Harav 1:8 and Birkei Yosef 1:5 write that [[chatzot]] at night is always 12 hours after [[chatzot]] of day for any place in the world. Mishna Brurah 1:9 and Chazon Ovadia (Yamim Noraim pg. 3) agree. </ref> This is calculated as halfway between sunrise and sunset, meaning 6 halachic hours after sunrise, see [https://www.myzmanim.com/search.aspx myzmanim.com]<ref>Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 3. [https://din.org.il/2016/01/09/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%94%D7%99-%D7%91%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%99-%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94-%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99-%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D-%D7%95%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%94/ see din.org ]for at length discussion.<br> | ||
see however Minchat Shlomo 1:91:15 regarding the latest time to eat Afikoman on Pesach </ref> | |||
===Mincha Gedola=== | ===Mincha Gedola=== | ||
Regarding all of the laws of reciting mincha at that time or later see the [[mincha]] page. | |||
#Mincha Gedola is six and a half halachic hours (Shaot Zmaniot) after sunrise.<ref>Rashi (Pesachim 107a s.v. mincha gedola), Rambam (Tefillah 3:2)</ref> | #Mincha Gedola is six and a half halachic hours (Shaot Zmaniot) after sunrise.<ref>Rashi (Pesachim 107a s.v. mincha gedola), Rambam (Tefillah 3:2)</ref> | ||
| Line 347: | Line 347: | ||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:References]] | ||
