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Bedikat Chametz: Difference between revisions
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==Texts for Bedikat Chametz== | ==Texts for Bedikat Chametz== | ||
=== | ===Brachah=== | ||
#Before the | #Before the bedikah one should make the berachah of "אשר קדשנו במצותיו וצונו על ביעור חמץ" - "Asher Kidishanu BeMitzvotav VeTzivanu Al Biur Chametz".<ref>Tur and Shulchan Aruch O.C. 432:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 111:7. Mishna Brurah 432:3 and Chazon Ovadia Part 1 page 44 explain that we don't recite al bedikat chametz because the search is only for the purpose of the destruction. </ref> If one accidentally recited "על ביטול חמץ" - "Al Bitul Chametz," they have fulfilled their obligation.<ref>Mishna Brurah 432:3 </ref> One has also fulfilled their obligation if he recites "לבער חמץ" - "Livaer Chametz."<ref>Mishnah Berurah ibid. Chazon Ovadia [[Pesach]] 5763 Part 1 page 44. See Rosh (Pesachim 1:10) as to why the bracha is with "Al Biur" and not "Leva'er". </ref> | ||
#One may not speak between the | #One may not speak between the berachah and beginning the bedikah; if one indeed spoke regarding matters that were unrelated to the bedikah another berachah must be recited.<ref>S”A 432:1, Mishna Brurah 432:5 </ref> | ||
# | #Once the bedikah commences, it is preferable not to speak about unrelated matters until the bedikah has been completed; however, in this case another berachah would not be necessary. Additionally, once the bedikah begins one '''may''' speak about matters relating to the bedikah.<ref>S”A 432:1, Mishna Brurah 432:6 </ref> | ||
#If one didn’t make the bracha before beginning bedika one can make it as long as one hasn’t finished bedika. Nonetheless, if one has finished the bedika, one should make it without [[Shem UMalchut|shem umalchut]] in the morning before burning the Chametz and some say that one may make it then with [[Shem UMalchut|shem umalchut]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 432:4 </ref> | #If one didn’t make the bracha before beginning bedika one can make it as long as one hasn’t finished bedika. Nonetheless, if one has finished the bedika, one should make it without [[Shem UMalchut|shem umalchut]] in the morning before burning the Chametz and some say that one may make it then with [[Shem UMalchut|shem umalchut]].<ref>Mishna Brurah 432:4 </ref> | ||
#One may make the bracha on the bedika with many people listening and then split up for each person to check an area in the house. <ref>S”A 432:2 </ref>If someone didn’t hear the bracha and it’s difficult to finish the bedika without that person’s help, he may help without making a Bracha.<ref>Mishna Brurah 432:11 </ref> | #One may make the bracha on the bedika with many people listening and then split up for each person to check an area in the house. <ref>S”A 432:2 </ref>If someone didn’t hear the bracha and it’s difficult to finish the bedika without that person’s help, he may help without making a Bracha.<ref>Mishna Brurah 432:11 </ref> | ||
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#One should check using a single wax candle and not a torch (or even two candles together).<ref>Shulchan Aruch and Rama O.C. 433:2, Mishna Brurah 431:3 </ref> | #One should check using a single wax candle and not a torch (or even two candles together).<ref>Shulchan Aruch and Rama O.C. 433:2, Mishna Brurah 431:3 </ref> | ||
#If one is unable to use a candle, one should use a flashlight.<ref>Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:11), Haarot of Rav Elyashiv Pesachim 8a, Piskei Teshuvot 431:2. However, Chut Shani (Pesach p. 59) writes that one may not use a flashlight for bedikat chametz.</ref> Some say that one can fulfill the obligation with a flashlight, but the minhag is to use a candle or to begin with a candle.<ref>Halachos of [[Pesach]] (pg 86) quoting Rav Aharon Kotler and Rav Moshe Feinstein that the flashlight suffices. Yechave Daat 1:4 completely allows using a candle for bedikat chametz. His reasoning is that an electric bulb isn't considered a torch like the Tzitz Eliezer 1:20:11 suggested since it is all a connected unit. Additionally, when people use flashlights they're not afraid that it will start a fire as long as they're careful. Lastly, the filament that is red hot is considered a fire and since the glass is very clear a person can see the candle through the glass. He just concludes that the minhag is to use a candle.</ref> | #If one is unable to use a candle, one should use a flashlight.<ref>Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:11), Haarot of Rav Elyashiv Pesachim 8a, Piskei Teshuvot 431:2. However, Chut Shani (Pesach p. 59) writes that one may not use a flashlight for bedikat chametz.</ref> Some say that one can fulfill the obligation with a flashlight, but the minhag is to use a candle or to begin with a candle.<ref>Halachos of [[Pesach]] (pg 86) quoting Rav Aharon Kotler and Rav Moshe Feinstein that the flashlight suffices. Yechave Daat 1:4 completely allows using a candle for bedikat chametz. His reasoning is that an electric bulb isn't considered a torch like the Tzitz Eliezer 1:20:11 suggested since it is all a connected unit. Additionally, when people use flashlights they're not afraid that it will start a fire as long as they're careful. Lastly, the filament that is red hot is considered a fire and since the glass is very clear a person can see the candle through the glass. He just concludes that the minhag is to use a candle.</ref> One should recite a bracha when doing bedikat chametz with a flashlight.<ref>Halachos of [[Pesach]] (pg 86) quoting Rav Aharon Kotler and Rav Moshe Feinstein, Rav Ovadia (Yechave Daat 1:4), Rav Shlomo Zalman (Halichot Shlomo vol 1, 5:11), Rav Elyashiv (Haarot on Pesachim 8a), Piskei Teshuvot 431:2, and Guidelines (Rabbi Jaegar). See Or Letzion 7.8 who says that no bracha is recited when doing bedika with a flashlight.</ref> | ||
#One doesn’t have to turn off the electric lights while performing the bedika. Furtherfore, some say that specifically one should turn on the lights because one can check better with the lights on.<ref>Halachos of [[Pesach]] (pg 86) quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein, A Guide to Practical Halacha v. 5 p. 42 n. 5 quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein, Minchat Asher responsa 3:31, Piskei Teshuvot 431:2 saying that such is the minhag, Mishna Halachot 15:92, Shalmei Moed p. 312 citing Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, Halichot Shlomo p. 110 fnt. 57, Or Letzion 3:7:7, and Nitei Gavriel ([[Pesach]] v. 1, p. 112). Avnei Derech 13:100:2 cites numerous poskim who allow leaving on the lights during bedikat chametz including Hagadah Shel Pesach Hachazon Ish p. 19, Chut Shani (Pesach p. 59), Chazon Ovadia Pesach p. 40, Orchot Rabbenu (v. 2 p. 2 Pesach n. 6), Shevut Yitzchak Pesach p. 34, and Hilchot Chag Bchag 5:7 p. 78. Rav Shlomo Zalman (Halichot Shlomo) is cited as having turned on the lights. The only one who cites on the other side is that the Torat Hamoadim p. 433 writes that the Brisker Rav would turn off the lights for bedikat chametz. Also, Imrei Sofer (Halichot Vehanhagot 8:6 p. 53) writes that a person should turn off the electric lights when doing bedikat chametz and this was the minhag of the Hitorerut Teshuva (Minhagei Raboteynu 3:4). [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=144287 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Parshat Vayakel Pekudei 5781 min 10)] said that Rav Tzvi Pesach Frank and Rav Chaim Pinchas Sheinburg would turn off the lights before doing the bedika, but most others like Rav Moshe Feinstein, Rav Elyashiv, and Rav Ovadia did not turn off the lights.</ref> | #One doesn’t have to turn off the electric lights while performing the bedika. Furtherfore, some say that specifically one should turn on the lights because one can check better with the lights on.<ref>Halachos of [[Pesach]] (pg 86) quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein, A Guide to Practical Halacha v. 5 p. 42 n. 5 quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein, Minchat Asher responsa 3:31, Piskei Teshuvot 431:2 saying that such is the minhag, Mishna Halachot 15:92, Shalmei Moed p. 312 citing Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, Halichot Shlomo p. 110 fnt. 57, Or Letzion 3:7:7, and Nitei Gavriel ([[Pesach]] v. 1, p. 112). Avnei Derech 13:100:2 cites numerous poskim who allow leaving on the lights during bedikat chametz including Hagadah Shel Pesach Hachazon Ish p. 19, Chut Shani (Pesach p. 59), Chazon Ovadia Pesach p. 40, Orchot Rabbenu (v. 2 p. 2 Pesach n. 6), Shevut Yitzchak Pesach p. 34, and Hilchot Chag Bchag 5:7 p. 78. Rav Shlomo Zalman (Halichot Shlomo) is cited as having turned on the lights. The only one who cites on the other side is that the Torat Hamoadim p. 433 writes that the Brisker Rav would turn off the lights for bedikat chametz. Also, Imrei Sofer (Halichot Vehanhagot 8:6 p. 53) writes that a person should turn off the electric lights when doing bedikat chametz and this was the minhag of the Hitorerut Teshuva (Minhagei Raboteynu 3:4). [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=144287 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Parshat Vayakel Pekudei 5781 min 10)] said that Rav Tzvi Pesach Frank and Rav Chaim Pinchas Sheinburg would turn off the lights before doing the bedika, but most others like Rav Moshe Feinstein, Rav Elyashiv, and Rav Ovadia did not turn off the lights.</ref> | ||
#See also [[Hebrew sources for using a flashlight for Bedikat Chametz|Hebrew sources for using a flashlight for bedikat Chametz]] | #See also [[Hebrew sources for using a flashlight for Bedikat Chametz|Hebrew sources for using a flashlight for bedikat Chametz]] | ||
