3,231
edits
Bedikat Chametz: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
m
Text replace - "Nitai" to "Nitei"
m (Text replace - "Erev Pesach" to "Erev Pesach") |
m (Text replace - "Nitai" to "Nitei") |
||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
===Yeshiva Student=== | ===Yeshiva Student=== | ||
# If a Yeshiva student is leaving his dorm or apartment within 30 days of Pesach, even if he isn’t returning on Pesach, he has an obligation to do Bedikat Chametz the night before he leaves, without a Bracha <ref> The Gemara Pesachim 6a says that one who leaves his house within 30 days of Pesach, should do Biur even if he doesn’t plan on being home during [[Pesach]]. Rambam (Chametz 2:16) explains that this includes doing Bedika. S”A 436:1 agrees. Mishna Brurah 436:6 writes that one should do Bedika with a candle the night before leaving. Rama 436:1 writes that there’s no Bracha for this Bedika since it’s not performed on the night of the 14th. Torat HaYeshiva 14:2 applies this halacha to a Yeshiva student in dorms. </ref>, but with a candle or flashlight <ref> Taz 436:2 writes that besides the Bedika, one should do Bitul on [[Erev Pesach]]; Magen Avraham 436:1 argues that one should also do Bitul after the Bedika as one does by Bedika on the 14th. Biur HaGra 436:4, Mishna Brurah 436:3, and Kaf HaChaim 436:8 agree. </ref>, and then do Bitul. <Ref> Halachos of [[Pesach]] (p. 86) quotes Rav Moshe saying that a flashlight is better than using a candle and Rav Aharon Kotler as saying it is equivalent to a candle. Halichot Shlomo 5:11 writes that if one can’t use a candle, one should use a flashlight. Chazon Ovadyah (p. 38) agrees. </ref> | # If a Yeshiva student is leaving his dorm or apartment within 30 days of Pesach, even if he isn’t returning on Pesach, he has an obligation to do Bedikat Chametz the night before he leaves, without a Bracha <ref> The Gemara Pesachim 6a says that one who leaves his house within 30 days of Pesach, should do Biur even if he doesn’t plan on being home during [[Pesach]]. Rambam (Chametz 2:16) explains that this includes doing Bedika. S”A 436:1 agrees. Mishna Brurah 436:6 writes that one should do Bedika with a candle the night before leaving. Rama 436:1 writes that there’s no Bracha for this Bedika since it’s not performed on the night of the 14th. Torat HaYeshiva 14:2 applies this halacha to a Yeshiva student in dorms. </ref>, but with a candle or flashlight <ref> Taz 436:2 writes that besides the Bedika, one should do Bitul on [[Erev Pesach]]; Magen Avraham 436:1 argues that one should also do Bitul after the Bedika as one does by Bedika on the 14th. Biur HaGra 436:4, Mishna Brurah 436:3, and Kaf HaChaim 436:8 agree. </ref>, and then do Bitul. <Ref> Halachos of [[Pesach]] (p. 86) quotes Rav Moshe saying that a flashlight is better than using a candle and Rav Aharon Kotler as saying it is equivalent to a candle. Halichot Shlomo 5:11 writes that if one can’t use a candle, one should use a flashlight. Chazon Ovadyah (p. 38) agrees. </ref> | ||
# One shouldn’t eat, work, or learn prior to performing this Bedika, just like one who performs Bedika on the 14th. <ref> Pri Megadim E”H 436:1 writes that one who does Bedika the night before leaving his house, shouldn’t eat, work, or learn just like one who performs Bedika on the 14th. Kaf HaChaim 436:7 and | # One shouldn’t eat, work, or learn prior to performing this Bedika, just like one who performs Bedika on the 14th. <ref> Pri Megadim E”H 436:1 writes that one who does Bedika the night before leaving his house, shouldn’t eat, work, or learn just like one who performs Bedika on the 14th. Kaf HaChaim 436:7 and Nitei Gavriel 28:4 agree. Kovetz MeBet Levi (Nissan 5761 pg 85) writes that this also applies to a Yeshiva Student doing Bedika in his dorm the night before he leaves. See [[#Eating or working before Bedika|above]] regarding the laws of not eating, working, or learning within a half hour of Tzeit HaCochavim. </ref> | ||
# If a student in Yeshiva is in Yeshiva on Pesach, he is obligated to perform Bedika in his dorm room and if it’s done on the 14th at night it should be done with a Bracha. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:17), Dinim VeHanhagot 17:18 quoting the Chazon Ish, Siddur [[Pesach]] KeHilchato 12:9, Kovetz MeBet Levi (Nissan 5756), Chut HaSheni (Pesach pg 88), and Torat HaYeshiva write that a yeshiva student should perform Bedika in his dorm with a Bracha if it’s done on the 14th. </ref> However, some hold that the Bedika should be made without a Bracha. <Ref>Teshuvot VeHanhagot 1:287, Chovat Hadar (end of Sefer Dinei Bedikat Chametz), Mishpat HaSechirut 5:32 </ref> | # If a student in Yeshiva is in Yeshiva on Pesach, he is obligated to perform Bedika in his dorm room and if it’s done on the 14th at night it should be done with a Bracha. <Ref>Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:17), Dinim VeHanhagot 17:18 quoting the Chazon Ish, Siddur [[Pesach]] KeHilchato 12:9, Kovetz MeBet Levi (Nissan 5756), Chut HaSheni (Pesach pg 88), and Torat HaYeshiva write that a yeshiva student should perform Bedika in his dorm with a Bracha if it’s done on the 14th. </ref> However, some hold that the Bedika should be made without a Bracha. <Ref>Teshuvot VeHanhagot 1:287, Chovat Hadar (end of Sefer Dinei Bedikat Chametz), Mishpat HaSechirut 5:32 </ref> | ||
# However, if the Yeshiva decides to sell all the rooms to a goy for Pesach, then there’s no obligation to perform Bedika. <Ref>Torat HaYeshiva 14:4 </ref> | # However, if the Yeshiva decides to sell all the rooms to a goy for Pesach, then there’s no obligation to perform Bedika. <Ref>Torat HaYeshiva 14:4 </ref> | ||
| Line 59: | Line 59: | ||
# In an apartment building one person should check the stairwell, closets, etc. for everyone after having made a Bracha for Bedika in his own house (without making interruptions that aren’t relevant to the Bedika). <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 433:3 </ref> | # In an apartment building one person should check the stairwell, closets, etc. for everyone after having made a Bracha for Bedika in his own house (without making interruptions that aren’t relevant to the Bedika). <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 433:3 </ref> | ||
# The minhag is not to do Bedika in the areas where one stores Chametz and is going to sell to a goy for [[Pesach]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 436:32 quotes those who obligate a Bedika and those who exempt and so it’s preferable to sell it on the 13th. However, Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:3) writes that the accepted minhag is not to do Bedika in those areas and only have it sold afterwards. </ref> | # The minhag is not to do Bedika in the areas where one stores Chametz and is going to sell to a goy for [[Pesach]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 436:32 quotes those who obligate a Bedika and those who exempt and so it’s preferable to sell it on the 13th. However, Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:3) writes that the accepted minhag is not to do Bedika in those areas and only have it sold afterwards. </ref> | ||
# If one's porch is roofed and fenced in, it is considered like any other room that needs to be checked with a bracha. <ref> | # If one's porch is roofed and fenced in, it is considered like any other room that needs to be checked with a bracha. <ref>Nitei Gavriel (Pesach v. 1, p. 112)</ref> | ||
===Books=== | ===Books=== | ||
# Many authorities maintain that there is no obligation to check sefarim for Chametz crumbs. <Ref> Halichot Shlomo 5:6 writes that even though there’s a dispute whether the possible existence of crumbs necessitates Bedika, since the crumbs in sefarim would be disgusting sefarim don’t require Bedika. Chazon Ovadyah (p. 35), Or Letzion 1:32, Rav Mordechai Willig in Am Mordechai (p. 154), and Halachos of [[Pesach]] (p. 72) quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein agree. Maaseh Rav #178, however, writes that one should do Bedika on sefarim that he used during a meal. Chazon Ish 116:18 and Mishna Halachot 7:64 agree. Orchot Rabbenu (vol 2 pg 6) records the Steipler and Chazon Ish’s practice to check sefarim in advance of the night of 14th. </ref>If one is going to check one may do so in advance and doesn’t have to wait until the night of the 14th. <ref>Orchot Rabbenu (vol 2 pg 6) regarding the practice of the Steipler and Chazon Ish. </ref> | # Many authorities maintain that there is no obligation to check sefarim for Chametz crumbs. <Ref> Halichot Shlomo 5:6 writes that even though there’s a dispute whether the possible existence of crumbs necessitates Bedika, since the crumbs in sefarim would be disgusting sefarim don’t require Bedika. Chazon Ovadyah (p. 35), Or Letzion 1:32, Rav Mordechai Willig in Am Mordechai (p. 154), and Halachos of [[Pesach]] (p. 72) quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein agree. Maaseh Rav #178, however, writes that one should do Bedika on sefarim that he used during a meal. Chazon Ish 116:18 and Mishna Halachot 7:64 agree. Orchot Rabbenu (vol 2 pg 6) records the Steipler and Chazon Ish’s practice to check sefarim in advance of the night of 14th. </ref>If one is going to check one may do so in advance and doesn’t have to wait until the night of the 14th. <ref>Orchot Rabbenu (vol 2 pg 6) regarding the practice of the Steipler and Chazon Ish. </ref> | ||
| Line 86: | Line 86: | ||
# One should check using a single wax candle and not a torch (or even two candles together). <Ref>S”A and Rama 433:2, Mishna Brurah 431:3 </ref> | # One should check using a single wax candle and not a torch (or even two candles together). <Ref>S”A and Rama 433:2, Mishna Brurah 431:3 </ref> | ||
# If one is unable to use a candle, one should use a flashlight. <Ref> Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:11), Piskei Teshuvot 431:2 </ref> Some say that one can fulfill the obligation with a flashlight but the minhag is to use a candle or to begin with a candle. <Ref> Halachos of [[Pesach]] (pg 86) quoting Rav Aharon Kotler and Rav Moshe Feinstein that the flashlight sufficies. </ref> | # If one is unable to use a candle, one should use a flashlight. <Ref> Halichot Shlomo (vol 1, 5:11), Piskei Teshuvot 431:2 </ref> Some say that one can fulfill the obligation with a flashlight but the minhag is to use a candle or to begin with a candle. <Ref> Halachos of [[Pesach]] (pg 86) quoting Rav Aharon Kotler and Rav Moshe Feinstein that the flashlight sufficies. </ref> | ||
# One doesn’t have to turn off the electric lights while performing the Bedika. <Ref>Halachos of [[Pesach]] (pg 86) quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein, Piskei Teshuvot 431:2 saying that such is the minhag, | # One doesn’t have to turn off the electric lights while performing the Bedika. <Ref>Halachos of [[Pesach]] (pg 86) quoting Rav Moshe Feinstein, Piskei Teshuvot 431:2 saying that such is the minhag, Nitei Gavriel (Pesach v. 1, p. 112) </ref> | ||
# See also [[Hebrew sources for using a flashlight for Bedikat Chametz]] | # See also [[Hebrew sources for using a flashlight for Bedikat Chametz]] | ||
