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Tzitzit: Difference between revisions
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#Halacha Le'Maaseh: | #Halacha Le'Maaseh: | ||
##Sephardim: One has fulfilled the mitzvah BUT cannot make a bracha on it when wearing Tzitzit measuring 1.5 [[amot]] by 1 [[amah]]. It would be preferable if this shiur did not include a neck hole, but if it does and it is difficult to find Tzitzit that size or they are uncomfortable to wear, one may rely on the opinions that say the neck hole is included. In this case, one should make a bracha on a Tallit Gadol and patur (exempt) the Tallit Katan by doing so. In order to make a bracha on a Tallit Katan, it should measure 2 [[amot]] (37.8") by 1 [[amah]] (18.9")<ref>Yalkut Yosef 16:1, Halacha Brurah 1, 16:1; and See “Tzel Heharim” by R’ Hertzel Hillel Yitzhak, pp. 8-11. See Or LeTzion (1 Orach Chaim 7, 2:2:6).</ref>. | ##Sephardim: One has fulfilled the mitzvah BUT cannot make a bracha on it when wearing Tzitzit measuring 1.5 [[amot]] by 1 [[amah]]. It would be preferable if this shiur did not include a neck hole, but if it does and it is difficult to find Tzitzit that size or they are uncomfortable to wear, one may rely on the opinions that say the neck hole is included. In this case, one should make a bracha on a Tallit Gadol and patur (exempt) the Tallit Katan by doing so. In order to make a bracha on a Tallit Katan, it should measure 2 [[amot]] (37.8") by 1 [[amah]] (18.9")<ref>Yalkut Yosef 16:1, Halacha Brurah 1, 16:1; and See “Tzel Heharim” by R’ Hertzel Hillel Yitzhak, pp. 8-11. See Or LeTzion (1 Orach Chaim 7, 2:2:6).</ref>. | ||
##Ashkenazim: In order to follow the Mishna Brurah, one should wear Tzitzit that are 1.5 [[amot]] (in length) by 0. | ##Ashkenazim: In order to follow the Mishna Brurah, one should wear Tzitzit that are 1.5 [[amot]] (in length) by 0.75 [[amah]] (in width) not including the neck hole. <ref>Mishna Brurah 8:17, 16:4 </ref> Accordingly, one can wear Tzitzit that are 32 by 16 inches not including the neck hole. <ref>Rabbi Neustadt, author of [[Daily Halacha]] Discussions, writes that using Rav Moshe's (Sh"t Igrot Moshe 1:136) standard of measuring the [[amah]] which is 21.3 inches per [[amah]] one ends up with 32 inches by 16 inches. http://www.torah.org/advanced/weekly-halacha/5765/pekudei.html. Rabbi Willing is lenient to allow 26 inches in length ([http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/729840/Rabbi_Zvi_Sobolofsky/Hilchas_Tzitzis_Part_2_(definition_of_a_cornder,_size_of_beget,_straps,_brecha_on_borrowed_tzitzis) Rabbi Sobolofsky] (min 14) in name of Rabbi Willig) </ref> | ||
#The garment with four corners needs to be open at least a majority of the way up. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 10:7 </ref> If there is a button less than half way up but the majority is still open, it is still obligated in Tzitzit. <ref>Halacha Brurah 10:20 </ref> | #The garment with four corners needs to be open at least a majority of the way up. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 10:7 </ref> If there is a button less than half way up but the majority is still open, it is still obligated in Tzitzit. <ref>Halacha Brurah 10:20 </ref> | ||
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#Other opinions of different numbers per section exist as well.<ref>R. Tavger, Kelil Techelet. Such other opinions exist including: Hida 10-5-6-5, Lekach Tov 7-7-7-7, and HaMaspik L’Ovdei Hashem which has 7 chulyot (segments) of 3 winds (like Rambam). More found on Petil Techelet's tying question [https://www.tekhelet.com/tzitzit-tying-questions-2/ page]. [https://www.sefaria.org/Mishnah_Berurah.11.70 Mishna Berurah 11:70], Rabbi Shlomo Malkho says that you use 10-5-6-5 as the number of winds per section to represent the letters of Hashem's name. Some have the practice of using 7-8-11-13 for their tallit gadol and 10-5-6-5 for their tallit kattan, according to Magen Avot (Orach Chaim 11:14).</ref> | #Other opinions of different numbers per section exist as well.<ref>R. Tavger, Kelil Techelet. Such other opinions exist including: Hida 10-5-6-5, Lekach Tov 7-7-7-7, and HaMaspik L’Ovdei Hashem which has 7 chulyot (segments) of 3 winds (like Rambam). More found on Petil Techelet's tying question [https://www.tekhelet.com/tzitzit-tying-questions-2/ page]. [https://www.sefaria.org/Mishnah_Berurah.11.70 Mishna Berurah 11:70], Rabbi Shlomo Malkho says that you use 10-5-6-5 as the number of winds per section to represent the letters of Hashem's name. Some have the practice of using 7-8-11-13 for their tallit gadol and 10-5-6-5 for their tallit kattan, according to Magen Avot (Orach Chaim 11:14).</ref> | ||
# Ashkenazim wind the string around regularly, but Sephardim use a "Chinese staircase," which keeps the string from unraveling.<ref>Magen Avot (Orach Chaim 11:14 fn. 14) cannot pin down a source for this custom.</ref> | # Ashkenazim wind the string around regularly, but Sephardim use a "Chinese staircase," which keeps the string from unraveling.<ref>Magen Avot (Orach Chaim 11:14 fn. 14) cannot pin down a source for this custom.</ref> | ||
# If a person winds the tzitzit strings and one of the windings only goes around the other strings half way, initially that should not be counted as a winding but after the fact it is acceptable.<ref>Rav Elyashiv (Ashrei Ha'ish 2:21). Yadot Hamishna p. 615 quotes Meorer Yeshaynim who wasn't sure if a half winding counts as a winding and says to avoid this he should add an extra half winding. However, he also quotes the Chazon Ish that a half winding does coutn as a winding.</ref> | |||
#For tying methods including techelet visit the [[Techelet#Tying_Methodology|Techelet]] page. | #For tying methods including techelet visit the [[Techelet#Tying_Methodology|Techelet]] page. | ||
===Tying Requirements=== | ===Tying Requirements=== | ||
====Who?==== | ====Who?==== | ||
# Some say that ideally, we are strict to follow the opinion of Rabbeinu Tam <ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 14:1</ref> that boys beneath the age of 13 and women should not tie Tzitzit for a man whose obligation it is to wear them. Though in principle women and minors are kosher for making kosher Tzitzit, Rabbeinu Tam holds that only the person who is obligated in the mitzvah should create the object of the mitzvah. Boys beneath the age of 13 may tie Tzitzit for another boy under the age of 13, since their mitzvah is merely one of [[chinuch]]. <ref>Rabbi Hershel Schachter in Bikvei HaTzoan (p. 10)</ref> | # Some say that ideally, we are strict to follow the opinion of Rabbeinu Tam<ref>Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim 14:1</ref> that boys beneath the age of 13 and women should not tie Tzitzit for a man whose obligation it is to wear them. Though in principle women and minors are kosher for making kosher Tzitzit, Rabbeinu Tam holds that only the person who is obligated in the mitzvah should create the object of the mitzvah. Boys beneath the age of 13 may tie Tzitzit for another boy under the age of 13, since their mitzvah is merely one of [[chinuch]].<ref>Rabbi Hershel Schachter in Bikvei HaTzoan (p. 10)</ref> | ||
====When?==== | ====When?==== | ||
# One may tie the Tzitzit strings onto the Tzitzit garment at night, even though one will not recite the bracha until putting them on the next morning. <ref>Shu"t Yabia Omer OC 8:3 </ref> | # One may tie the Tzitzit strings onto the Tzitzit garment at night, even though one will not recite the bracha until putting them on the next morning.<ref>Shu"t Yabia Omer OC 8:3 </ref> | ||
==== String Length ==== | |||
# The strings after being tied altogether from the edge of the tzitzit garment to the end of the strings must be 12 fingerbreadths.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 11:4, 11:14, Mishna Brurah 11:66, Halacha Brurah 11:45</ref> | |||
# Ideally, the knots and windings, called ''gedil'' (heb. גדיל; trans. strand) should take up 1/3 of the entire length and the part that is hanging, called ''anaf'' (heb. ענף; lit. branch), from the end of the knots take up 2/3 of the length.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 11:14</ref> | |||
==Maintenance== | ==Maintenance== | ||
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#As long as the Tzitzit fringes are still attached, it is prohibited to use them for one's own benefit. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 21:1 </ref> | #As long as the Tzitzit fringes are still attached, it is prohibited to use them for one's own benefit. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 21:1 </ref> | ||
#One should not take off their tzitzit when playing ball.<ref>Rav Binyamin Zilber (Shut Az Nidbaru 2:55) says it is disgraceful to the tzitzit to take them off to play a game.</ref> | #One should not take off their tzitzit when playing ball.<ref>Rav Binyamin Zilber (Shut Az Nidbaru 2:55) says it is disgraceful to the tzitzit to take them off to play a game.</ref> | ||
#Tzitzit strings which are too long shouldn't be cut with a metal blade.<ref>Mishna Brurah 11:61</ref><br /> | #Tzitzit strings which are too long shouldn't be cut with a metal blade.<ref>Mishna Brurah 11:61</ref> They may be cut with ceramic or plastic scissors.<ref>Rav Chaim Kanievsky (Daat Noteh v. 2 p. 197), Piskei Halachot p. 294 fnt. 99 citing Shevet Kehati 4:6</ref><br /> | ||
==Symbolism of Tzitzit== | ==Symbolism of Tzitzit== | ||
#The five knots of the Tzitzit represent the 5 books of the Torah. <ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 9, proper behavior while wearing Tzitzit, seif 1 </ref> | #The five knots of the Tzitzit represent the 5 books of the Torah. <ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 9, proper behavior while wearing Tzitzit, seif 1 </ref> | ||
