Disambiguations of Rishonim: Difference between revisions

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Often times, two contradictory statements of a Rishon will baffle the Poskim, and all it takes is a little history to know that there were actually two or more people with the same name, each of which said one of the contradictory statements.
Often times, two contradictory statements of a Rishon will baffle the Poskim, and all it takes is a little history to know that there were actually two or more people with the same name, each of which said one of the contradictory statements.
=Rif=
# Rabbeinu Yitzchak ben Yaakov Alfasi, the [[Rif]], had a grandson, Rav Yitzchak ben Reuven, who is known as the Baal HaShe'arim. Some Poskim weren't aware of this and mistakenly posed contradictions between the writings of the two.<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei HaRif 20)</ref>
=Raavad=
=Raavad=
# It's important to be aware that there are three individuals known as the [[Ra'avad]]: R' Avraham ibn Daud of Spain, author of Sefer HaKabbalah; R' Avraham ben Yitzchak Av Beit Din of Narbonne, who wrote the Sefer HaEshkol; his son in law, and R' Avraham ben David of Posquières, author of the Hasagot on the [[Baal HaMaor]] and [[Rambam]], Baalei HaNefesh, and quoted extensively by Rishonim.<ref>See Shach Choshen Mishpat 39:2</ref>
It's important to be aware that there are three individuals known as the [[Ra'avad]]:  
# R' Avraham ibn Daud of Spain, author of Sefer HaKabbalah
# R' Avraham ben Yitzchak Av Beit Din of Narbonne, who wrote the Sefer HaEshkol
# His son in law, and R' Avraham ben David of Posquières, author of the Hasagot on the [[Baal HaMaor]] and [[Rambam]], Baalei HaNefesh, and quoted extensively by Rishonim.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Aleph 9-11). See Shach Choshen Mishpat 39:2</ref>
=Riva=
"ריב"א" can stand for a couple of different names, or even two people of the same name, as such, it's beneficial to specify who is who.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 291)</ref>
# R' Yitzchak HaLevi Bar Asher, probably one of [[Rashi]]'s teachers.<ref>See Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 325) regarding the various teachers of Rashi and their similar names.</ref>
# R' Yitzchak Bar Asher, a student of Rashi who was named after the former and was one of the [[Baalei HaTosafot]], also known as Riva.
# R' Yitzchak Bar Avraham of Shantz, also known as Ritzba (ריצב"א), or Ri HaBachur, brother of the [[Rash]] MiShantz,<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 368)</ref> and was killed Al Kiddush Hashem. Some say he's also the same person as the Ri HaLavan<ref>Hagahot Menachem Tzion ad loc citing Shu"t Maharam Semachot 78 and Moredechai Moed Kattan 904. He also points out how it's questionable if this is the same Ri HaLavan, student of Rabbenu Tam, as </ref>
# R' Yitzchak Bar Abba Mari, who wrote [[Sefer HaIttur]].
=Rabbeinu Yonah=
=Rabbeinu Yonah=
# There were at least four Rabbeinu Yonahs:
There were at least four Rabbeinu Yonahs:
## R' Yonah Gerondi (HeChassid), whom we know as [[Rabbeinu Yonah]], cousin of the Ramban, and Rebbe of the Rashba. His grandson, son of his daughter and the [[Ramban]]'s son Shlomo, was named R' Yonah after him. He had grandson who was also named [[R' Yonah]], whose daughter married the [[Rashbetz]] and was thereby the grandfather of the [[Rashbash]].<ref>Shu"t HaRashbash Siman 291</ref>
# R' Yonah Gerondi (HeChassid), whom we know as [[Rabbeinu Yonah]], cousin of the Ramban, and Rebbe of the [[Rashba]]. His grandson, son of his daughter and the [[Ramban]]'s son Shlomo, was named R' Yonah after him. He had grandson who was also named [[R' Yonah]], whose daughter married the [[Rashbetz]] and was thereby the grandfather of the [[Rashbash]].<ref>Shu"t HaRashbash Siman 291</ref>
## R' Yonah שניין, a relative of the latter, who overlapped in his lifetime.<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 14). See Shem HaGedolim, Gedolim, Yud 98)</ref>
# R' Yonah שניין, a cousin of the R' Yonah Gerondi, who overlapped in his lifetime.<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 14), Hagahat R' Tzvi Hirsch Berlin ad loc based on Beit Yosef Choshen Mishpat 388. See Shem HaGedolim, Gedolim, Yud 98)</ref>
## R' Yonah author of the Sefer Issur veHetter and Talmid of the Terumat HaDeshen. Printers and Poskim mistakenly labeled his Sefer as a product of R' Yonah Gerondi, but it's clearly impossible.<ref>HaRav Hershel Schachter ([https://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/896777/rabbi-hershel-schachter/vayakhel-pekudei-5778-double-parsha-parah-39-melachos-lechem-hapanim-shemen-hamishcha-tzitz/ Vayakhel-Pekudei 5778], Tetzaveh 5777), Rav Meir Mazuz ([http://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?604932&pageid=P0084 Ohr Torah Iyyar 5777 Siman 86])</ref>
# R' Yonah author of the Sefer Issur veHetter and Talmid of the Terumat HaDeshen. Printers and Poskim mistakenly labeled his Sefer as a product of R' Yonah Gerondi, but it's clearly impossible.<ref>Pri Megadim (Orach Chaim Klalim 10, Yoreh Deah Klalim BeHoraat Issur veHetter 11), Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Mem 161), HaRav Hershel Schachter ([https://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/896777/rabbi-hershel-schachter/vayakhel-pekudei-5778-double-parsha-parah-39-melachos-lechem-hapanim-shemen-hamishcha-tzitz/ Vayakhel-Pekudei 5778], Tetzaveh 5777), Rav Meir Mazuz ([http://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?604932&pageid=P0084 Ohr Torah Iyyar 5777 Siman 86])</ref>


=Rabbeinu Baruch=
=Rabbeinu Baruch=
# [[Sefer HaTerumah]] was written by R' Baruch MiRegensburg, the student of R' Eliezer MiMitz, R' Baruch MiMagence, who wrote Sefer HaChochmah.<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 12), see Matnat Yado ad loc. and Moriah Kovetz 143 page 3</ref>
# [[Sefer HaTerumah]] was written by R' Baruch MiRegensburg, the student of R' Eliezer MiMitz, R' Baruch MiMagence, who wrote Sefer HaChochmah.<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 12), Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Bet 46). See Chaim She'al 1:69, Matnat Yado ad loc. and Moriah Kovetz 143 page 3</ref>
=Rabbeinu Zerachia=
 
# There were two R' Zerachiahs, one of whom was the [[Baal HaMaor]].<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 13)</ref>
=Rabbeinu Zerachiah=
= Ri =
# There were two R' Zerachiahs, one of whom was the [[Baal HaMaor]],<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 13)</ref>, and the other was R' Zerachiah HaYevani, who wrote the Mussar work, Sefer HaYashar. He should not be confused with Rabbeinu Tam, who also wrote a Sefer HaYashar on Shas and Shu"t.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Zayin 13)</ref>
# There were two Ri Baalei HaTosafots, one of whom was the Ri HaZaken, nephew of Rabbeinu Tam.<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 15)</ref>
 
=Rabbeinu Tam=
Of course, Rabbeinu Tam is well known as Rashi's grandson, R' Yaakov ben Meir, but some Rishonim do refer to R' Yaakov author of Shu"t Min HaShamayim as "Rabbeinu Tam," as well.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Yud 224)</ref>
= Ri =  
# There were two Ri Baalei HaTosafots, one of whom was the Ri, Rav Yitzchak Bar Shmuel HaZaken, nephew of Rabbeinu Tam through his sister.<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 15), Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 368). Note Haga Menachem Tzion ad loc. cites the Rama (Even HaEzer 61:3), who refers to the Ri as "Rivash."</ref> The other is the Ri HaLavan or Ri HaBachur mentioned above (see Riva).
 
=R' Asher (Rosh)=
# The [[Rosh]] quoted by the [[Baal HaTerumot]], [[Mordechai]], [[Hagahot Maimoniot]], and [[Kol Bo]] is [[Rabbi Asher MiLunell]], not [[Rabbi Asher Ben Yechiel]] of Toledo, as the latter lived much later.<ref>Yad Malachi (Klalei Shaar HaMechabrim 1), Matnat Yado fn. 1-2, Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Aleph 237). See Shach (Choshen Mishpat 107, Yoreh Deah 105:2) and Sdei Chemed Klalei HaPoskim 15:25</ref>
 
= Riaz =
"ריא"ז" can stand for a number of names:
# [[Rav Yitzchak Ohr Zarua]]<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 304)</ref>
# R' Yeshaya HaAcharon, commonly known as [[Riaz]]
 
= Rambam =
There were a number of people named Rabbeinu Moshe ben Maimon throughout the generations, as it was a common name.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Samech 5)</ref>
# The [[Rambam]]
# Rav Moshe ben Maimono "Cordobi," a contemporary of the [[Rambam]] who also lived in Cordova.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Mem 150, 153). See [https://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/893575/mordechai-djavaheri/hachacham-hagadol-moshe-from-cordova-%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91-%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%94-%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%91%D7%99/ YUTorah]</ref>
# Rambam "al Fasi," who lived later.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Mem 152)</ref>
# Rav Moshe ben Maimon "Elbaz," author of Heichal Kodesh<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Mem 151; Sefarim, Heh 55)</ref>
 
=Ran=
# The [[Ran]] quoted by the Orchot Chaim is someone named R' Natan, not R' Nissim ben Reuven of Gerona.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Nun 36)</ref>
 
=Rabbeinu Bechaye (Bachya)=
# R' Bechaye ibn Pakuda was the author of the Chovot HaLevavot.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Bet 1)</ref>
# R' Bechaye ben Asher was a student of the [[Rashba]] and author of the well known commentary on the Torah.<ref>Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Bet 2)</ref>
They both lived in Zaragoza, but the latter was born two centuries after the former.<ref>See the relevant Wikipedia articles.</ref>
 
=Tashbetz=
There were two Rishonim known as the "Tashbetz"
# The [[Rashbetz]]'s Sefer, Teshuvot Shimon ben Tzemach - [[Tashbetz]]
# Tashbetz Kattan, written by Rav Shimshon ben Tzadok, a Talmid of [[Maharam Rotenberg]], based on his rebbe's teachings while incarcerated. The lines beginning with "ומיהו" are by Rabbeinu Peretz, though.<ref>Shem HaGedlim (Gedolim, Shin 187; Sefarim, Taf 100)</ref>
 
=Sources=
=Sources=
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Klalim]]
[[Category:Klalei Haposkim]]

Latest revision as of 16:08, 11 August 2020

Often times, two contradictory statements of a Rishon will baffle the Poskim, and all it takes is a little history to know that there were actually two or more people with the same name, each of which said one of the contradictory statements.

Rif

  1. Rabbeinu Yitzchak ben Yaakov Alfasi, the Rif, had a grandson, Rav Yitzchak ben Reuven, who is known as the Baal HaShe'arim. Some Poskim weren't aware of this and mistakenly posed contradictions between the writings of the two.[1]

Raavad

It's important to be aware that there are three individuals known as the Ra'avad:

  1. R' Avraham ibn Daud of Spain, author of Sefer HaKabbalah
  2. R' Avraham ben Yitzchak Av Beit Din of Narbonne, who wrote the Sefer HaEshkol
  3. His son in law, and R' Avraham ben David of Posquières, author of the Hasagot on the Baal HaMaor and Rambam, Baalei HaNefesh, and quoted extensively by Rishonim.[2]

Riva

"ריב"א" can stand for a couple of different names, or even two people of the same name, as such, it's beneficial to specify who is who.[3]

  1. R' Yitzchak HaLevi Bar Asher, probably one of Rashi's teachers.[4]
  2. R' Yitzchak Bar Asher, a student of Rashi who was named after the former and was one of the Baalei HaTosafot, also known as Riva.
  3. R' Yitzchak Bar Avraham of Shantz, also known as Ritzba (ריצב"א), or Ri HaBachur, brother of the Rash MiShantz,[5] and was killed Al Kiddush Hashem. Some say he's also the same person as the Ri HaLavan[6]
  4. R' Yitzchak Bar Abba Mari, who wrote Sefer HaIttur.

Rabbeinu Yonah

There were at least four Rabbeinu Yonahs:

  1. R' Yonah Gerondi (HeChassid), whom we know as Rabbeinu Yonah, cousin of the Ramban, and Rebbe of the Rashba. His grandson, son of his daughter and the Ramban's son Shlomo, was named R' Yonah after him. He had grandson who was also named R' Yonah, whose daughter married the Rashbetz and was thereby the grandfather of the Rashbash.[7]
  2. R' Yonah שניין, a cousin of the R' Yonah Gerondi, who overlapped in his lifetime.[8]
  3. R' Yonah author of the Sefer Issur veHetter and Talmid of the Terumat HaDeshen. Printers and Poskim mistakenly labeled his Sefer as a product of R' Yonah Gerondi, but it's clearly impossible.[9]

Rabbeinu Baruch

  1. Sefer HaTerumah was written by R' Baruch MiRegensburg, the student of R' Eliezer MiMitz, R' Baruch MiMagence, who wrote Sefer HaChochmah.[10]

Rabbeinu Zerachiah

  1. There were two R' Zerachiahs, one of whom was the Baal HaMaor,[11], and the other was R' Zerachiah HaYevani, who wrote the Mussar work, Sefer HaYashar. He should not be confused with Rabbeinu Tam, who also wrote a Sefer HaYashar on Shas and Shu"t.[12]

Rabbeinu Tam

Of course, Rabbeinu Tam is well known as Rashi's grandson, R' Yaakov ben Meir, but some Rishonim do refer to R' Yaakov author of Shu"t Min HaShamayim as "Rabbeinu Tam," as well.[13]

Ri

  1. There were two Ri Baalei HaTosafots, one of whom was the Ri, Rav Yitzchak Bar Shmuel HaZaken, nephew of Rabbeinu Tam through his sister.[14] The other is the Ri HaLavan or Ri HaBachur mentioned above (see Riva).

R' Asher (Rosh)

  1. The Rosh quoted by the Baal HaTerumot, Mordechai, Hagahot Maimoniot, and Kol Bo is Rabbi Asher MiLunell, not Rabbi Asher Ben Yechiel of Toledo, as the latter lived much later.[15]

Riaz

"ריא"ז" can stand for a number of names:

  1. Rav Yitzchak Ohr Zarua[16]
  2. R' Yeshaya HaAcharon, commonly known as Riaz

Rambam

There were a number of people named Rabbeinu Moshe ben Maimon throughout the generations, as it was a common name.[17]

  1. The Rambam
  2. Rav Moshe ben Maimono "Cordobi," a contemporary of the Rambam who also lived in Cordova.[18]
  3. Rambam "al Fasi," who lived later.[19]
  4. Rav Moshe ben Maimon "Elbaz," author of Heichal Kodesh[20]

Ran

  1. The Ran quoted by the Orchot Chaim is someone named R' Natan, not R' Nissim ben Reuven of Gerona.[21]

Rabbeinu Bechaye (Bachya)

  1. R' Bechaye ibn Pakuda was the author of the Chovot HaLevavot.[22]
  2. R' Bechaye ben Asher was a student of the Rashba and author of the well known commentary on the Torah.[23]

They both lived in Zaragoza, but the latter was born two centuries after the former.[24]

Tashbetz

There were two Rishonim known as the "Tashbetz"

  1. The Rashbetz's Sefer, Teshuvot Shimon ben Tzemach - Tashbetz
  2. Tashbetz Kattan, written by Rav Shimshon ben Tzadok, a Talmid of Maharam Rotenberg, based on his rebbe's teachings while incarcerated. The lines beginning with "ומיהו" are by Rabbeinu Peretz, though.[25]

Sources

  1. ↑ Yad Malachi (Klalei HaRif 20)
  2. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Aleph 9-11). See Shach Choshen Mishpat 39:2
  3. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 291)
  4. ↑ See Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 325) regarding the various teachers of Rashi and their similar names.
  5. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 368)
  6. ↑ Hagahot Menachem Tzion ad loc citing Shu"t Maharam Semachot 78 and Moredechai Moed Kattan 904. He also points out how it's questionable if this is the same Ri HaLavan, student of Rabbenu Tam, as
  7. ↑ Shu"t HaRashbash Siman 291
  8. ↑ Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 14), Hagahat R' Tzvi Hirsch Berlin ad loc based on Beit Yosef Choshen Mishpat 388. See Shem HaGedolim, Gedolim, Yud 98)
  9. ↑ Pri Megadim (Orach Chaim Klalim 10, Yoreh Deah Klalim BeHoraat Issur veHetter 11), Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Mem 161), HaRav Hershel Schachter (Vayakhel-Pekudei 5778, Tetzaveh 5777), Rav Meir Mazuz (Ohr Torah Iyyar 5777 Siman 86)
  10. ↑ Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 12), Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Bet 46). See Chaim She'al 1:69, Matnat Yado ad loc. and Moriah Kovetz 143 page 3
  11. ↑ Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 13)
  12. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Zayin 13)
  13. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Yud 224)
  14. ↑ Yad Malachi (Klalei Shear Mechabrim 15), Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 368). Note Haga Menachem Tzion ad loc. cites the Rama (Even HaEzer 61:3), who refers to the Ri as "Rivash."
  15. ↑ Yad Malachi (Klalei Shaar HaMechabrim 1), Matnat Yado fn. 1-2, Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Aleph 237). See Shach (Choshen Mishpat 107, Yoreh Deah 105:2) and Sdei Chemed Klalei HaPoskim 15:25
  16. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Yud 304)
  17. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Samech 5)
  18. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Mem 150, 153). See YUTorah
  19. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Mem 152)
  20. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Mem 151; Sefarim, Heh 55)
  21. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Nun 36)
  22. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Bet 1)
  23. ↑ Shem HaGedolim (Gedolim, Bet 2)
  24. ↑ See the relevant Wikipedia articles.
  25. ↑ Shem HaGedlim (Gedolim, Shin 187; Sefarim, Taf 100)
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