Zoreah: Difference between revisions
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==Basics== | ==Basics== | ||
#In general, any action that initiates or promotes plant growth in any way is included in the prohibited Melacha called Zoreah ([[planting]]).<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 261), Shabbat 73b, Rambam Shabbat 7: | #In general, any action that initiates or promotes plant growth in any way is included in the prohibited Melacha called Zoreah ([[planting]]).<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 261), Shabbat 73b, Rambam Shabbat 7:2 </ref> | ||
#[[Planting]] of any amount is forbidden. The applications of this prohibition are [[planting]], grafting, removal of obstacles to the plant, fertilizing, watering, spraying insecticide, putting seeds in water, and moving a plant in a bored pot.<ref>Rambam [[Shabbat]] 8:2, Eglei Tal Zoreya 1,4-8. The Rama 336:11 says if the plant has no buds, one need not be concerned. </ref> | #[[Planting]] of any amount is forbidden. The applications of this prohibition are [[planting]], grafting, removal of obstacles to the plant, fertilizing, watering, spraying insecticide, putting seeds in water, and moving a plant in a bored pot.<ref>Rambam [[Shabbat]] 8:2, Eglei Tal Zoreya 1,4-8. The Rama 336:11 says if the plant has no buds, one need not be concerned. </ref> | ||
#Pruning a plant, removing weeds from a lawn or garden, fumigating with insecticide, or removing rocks from on top of a sprouting plant are forbidden as Zoreah (because they all promote plant growth).<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 271-2) </ref> | #Pruning a plant, removing weeds from a lawn or garden, fumigating with insecticide, or removing rocks from on top of a sprouting plant are forbidden as Zoreah (because they all promote plant growth).<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 271-2) </ref> | ||
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==Watering plants== | ==Watering plants== | ||
#It is forbidden to water a plant on [[Shabbat]] because of Zoreah.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 336:3, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 267-8) </ref> | |||
#It is forbidden to water a plant on [[Shabbat]] because of Zoreah. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 336:3, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 267-8) </ref> | |||
#Washing one’s hands over plants on [[Shabbat]] is forbidden because watering a plant helps it grow and is forbidden on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 336:3, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 267-8) </ref> | #Washing one’s hands over plants on [[Shabbat]] is forbidden because watering a plant helps it grow and is forbidden on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 336:3, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 267-8) </ref> | ||
#One should be careful not to spill any liquid or even to spit on plants on [[Shabbos]]. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 267-8), Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:6 </ref> | #One should be careful not to spill any liquid or even to spit on plants on [[Shabbos]].<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 267-8), Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:6 </ref> | ||
#Urinating on a plant isn't a violation of Zoreah (because the caustic fluid doesn't help the plant). <ref>Shulchan Aruch 336:3, Mishna Brurah 336:28, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 267-8) | #Urinating on a plant isn't a violation of Zoreah (because the caustic fluid doesn't help the plant).<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 336:3, Mishna Brurah 336:28, 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 267-8), Chazon Ovadia Shabbat Vol. 4, Hilchot Zoreah, Halacha 5 </ref>See the halacha about urinating into dirt (Melachet [[Lash]]). | ||
#Regarding leaving a sprinkler on a timer one must consult one's local Orthodox Rabbi, although some of the major Sephardic poskim seem to be lenient. <ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:8 writes that one should ask this question to one's Rabbi. | |||
Chazon Ovadia Shabbat Vol. 4, Hilchot Zoreah, Halacha 5 </ref>See the halacha about urinating into dirt (Melachet [[Lash]]). | [https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/798532/rabbi-hershel-schachter/shiur-17-shabbos-gerama/ Rav Hershel Schachter (Shabbos Shiur #17 towards beginning)] considers it a problem to leave a sprinkler on a timer to water grass on Shabbat since the melacha is beginning on Shabbat. strict. | ||
#Regarding leaving a sprinkler on a timer one must consult one's local Orthodox Rabbi, although some of the major Sephardic poskim seem to be lenient. <ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:8 writes that one should ask this question to one's Rabbi. [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/727469/Rabbi_Daniel_Stein/Meleches_Zoreiya_-_2_-_Sprinklers_on_Shabbos Rabbi Stein] quotes Rav | [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/727469/Rabbi_Daniel_Stein/Meleches_Zoreiya_-_2_-_Sprinklers_on_Shabbos Rabbi Stein (Sprinklers on Shabbat, at end)] quotes this position of Rav Schachter and explains it further. However, [https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehalacha.com%2Fattach%2FVolume5%2FIssue12.pdf Halachically Speaking] quotes Rav Yisrael Belsky who permits except in an area that is seen by the public. Similarly, [[Asicha_Hilchos_Shabbos_Part_2| Rav Mordechai Willig (Asicha Shabbos 2 p. 11)]] is lenient if one needs to leave on the sprinkler every day including Shabbat so the grass doesn’t die one should leave the timer to go on at 2am. Rav Ovadia is quoted as being lenient on [http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=2425 halachayomit], Menuchat Ahava 2:3:9</ref> | ||
#Some poskim say one one should close all sprinklers at one time so that one will not cause the water to flow stronger in other sprinklers if only close one at a time, but others think this is not necessary. <ref>Menuchat Ahava 2:3:9 quoting Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata in the name of the Chazon Ish. Rav Ovadia seems to think this is not necessary ([http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=2425 halachayomit],</ref> | #Some poskim say one one should close all sprinklers at one time so that one will not cause the water to flow stronger in other sprinklers if only close one at a time, but others think this is not necessary.<ref>Menuchat Ahava 2:3:9 quoting Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata in the name of the Chazon Ish. Rav Ovadia seems to think this is not necessary ([http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=2425 halachayomit],</ref> | ||
==Removing a Sukkah covering== | ==Removing a Sukkah covering== | ||
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==Potted plants== | ==Potted plants== | ||
#If is forbidden to move a potted plant onto soil or grass nor may one hang a potted plant above soil or grass. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 275). See Mishna Brurah 336:34. </ref> | #If is forbidden to move a potted plant onto soil or grass nor may one hang a potted plant above soil or grass.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 275). See Mishna Brurah 336:34. </ref> | ||
#Many authorities forbid handling a potted plant on [[Shabbat]] even if it doesn’t improve it’s growth, while some are lenient. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 275) quotes Shevitat [[Shabbat]] ([[Kotzer]] 5) and that he heard in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein that potted plants are [[Muktzeh]], however, he adds that it seems from other sources that it wouldn’t be an issue.</ref> | #Many authorities forbid handling a potted plant on [[Shabbat]] even if it doesn’t improve it’s growth, while some are lenient.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 275) quotes Shevitat [[Shabbat]] ([[Kotzer]] 5) and that he heard in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein that potted plants are [[Muktzeh]], however, he adds that it seems from other sources that it wouldn’t be an issue.</ref> | ||
#If a potted plant fell over one may sweep the dirt but one may not put it back into the plant pot. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 276) based on Mishna Brurah 337:12 and Beiur Halacha 337 | #If a potted plant fell over one may sweep the dirt but one may not put it back into the plant pot.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 276) based on Mishna Brurah 337:12 and Beiur Halacha 337 s.v VeYesh </ref> | ||
==Putting Flowers in a Vase== | ==Putting Flowers in a Vase== | ||
#A bouquet of flowers isn’t [[Muktzeh]]. It is permissible to remove flowers from water on [[Shabbat]]<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 276-7) quoting Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:29</ref> | #A bouquet of flowers isn’t [[Muktzeh]]. Therefore, it is permissible to move a vase with flowers.<ref>Or Letzion 2:26:9. See further in Birurei Chaim 6::71:4-5 p. 317 who permits even moving a vase over the ground from table to table even if flowers are sticking out over the ground because in the short amount of time that it is passing over the ground it isn't going to grow. See Shulchan Aruch O.C. 336:8 who forbids moving a potted plant over the ground because it is considered attached to the ground while it is in its airspace.</ref> It is also permissible to remove flowers from water on [[Shabbat]].<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 276-7) quoting Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:29</ref> | ||
#If a flower that was fully bloomed was removed from a vase filled with water (and for sephardim even if it wasn't previously in water) and it was in water from before [[Shabbat]] it is permissible to reinsert it in a water filled vase. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 276-7). See Shulchan Aruch 336:11. http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=4040 | #If a flower that was fully bloomed was removed from a vase filled with water (and for sephardim even if it wasn't previously in water) and it was in water from before [[Shabbat]] it is permissible to reinsert it in a water filled vase. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 276-7). See Shulchan Aruch 336:11. [http://halachayomit.co.il/en/default.aspx?HalachaID=4040 halachayomit]</ref> If it isn't fully bloomed one shouldn't put it or return it to the water on Shabbat.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 276), Rama 336:11</ref> | ||
#One may not put tree branches in a vase with water on [[Shabbat]]; however, one may return them to water unless there are flowers on the branches. On [[Shabbat]], Ashkenazim hold one may not add water to a vase with flowers or branches; however, on [[Yom Tov]] one may add water, while Sephardim hold one can fill a vase up with water even on shabbat.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 654:1, Mishna Brurah 336:54, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:26, Yechaave Da’at, Helek 2, siman 53 </ref> | |||
</ref> If it isn't fully bloomed one shouldn't put it or return it to the water on Shabbat.<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 276), Rama 336:11</ref> | #On [[Sukkot]], it is permitted to put a [[Lulav]] back in water if it was in water before [[Yom Tov]]. Also, one may return the [[Lulav]] to a damp towel but one may not prepare this towel on [[Yom Tov]]. However, on [[Shabbat]] the [[Lulav]] is [[Muktzeh]].<ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 277) </ref> | ||
#One may not put tree branches in a vase with water on [[Shabbat]]; however, one may return them to water unless there are flowers on the branches. On [[Shabbat]], Ashkenazim hold one may not add water to a vase with flowers or branches; however, on [[Yom Tov]] one may add water, while Sephardim hold one can fill a vase up with water even on shabbat. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 654:1, Mishna Brurah 336:54, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 26:26, Yechaave Da’at, Helek 2, siman 53 </ref> | |||
#On [[Sukkot]], it is permitted to put a [[Lulav]] back in water if it was in water before [[Yom Tov]]. Also, one may return the [[Lulav]] to a damp towel but one may not prepare this towel on [[Yom Tov]]. However, on [[Shabbat]] the [[Lulav]] is [[Muktzeh]]. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 277) </ref> | |||
==Preparing bean sprouts== | ==Preparing bean sprouts== | ||
