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Zoreah: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Plant.jpg|200px|right]] | [[File:Plant.jpg|200px|right]] | ||
Zoreah involves [[planting]] as opposed to [[Zoreh]] which involves scattering a collection by the wind. | Zoreah involves [[planting]] as opposed to [[Zoreh]] which involves scattering a collection by the wind. '''Where was it in the Mishkan: '''Zoreia is one of the first 11 melachos, which are as ''sidura d’pas''<ref name="ftn27"> Shabbos 73a</ref>, which are subject to a machlokes as to whether they were done in the mishkan for the production of dyes, or to bake bread to be used in the mishkan.<ref name="ftn28"> This is a machlokes between Rashi and Rav Hai Gaon, where Rashi maintains that they were done for the production of dyes, whereas Rav Hai Gaon maintains they were done for the production of the ''lechem hapanim''. This machlokes can be understood as dependent on a deeper debate, whether the melachos of the mishkan are learned out from actions done in the daily avodah of the mishkan (Rav Hai Gaon), or only from prerequisite actions done in constructing the mishkan itself (Rashi).</ref> | ||
'''Avos and Toldos: '''In addition to the av melacha of planting, which we might loosely define as causing a seed to grow, the Gemara<ref name="ftn29"> Shabbos 73b</ref> lists 4 other melachos, which, together with zoreia, are considered one melacha. The four are: Zomeir—pruning, Noteia—planting a tree, Mavrich—replanting a sapling in the ground, and Markiv—grafting. There’s a machlokes Rishonim as to which of these five are considered avos and which are considered toldos. The Rambam<ref name="ftn30"> Hilchos Shabbos 7:2,3</ref> is on one side of the spectrum, saying that all five actions are avos melacha. Rashi<ref name="ftn31"> Shabbos 73b</ref> says they are all avos except for zomeir (pruning), which is the one instance where one is solely removing growth. The Ritva<ref name="ftn32"> ibid</ref> says only zoreia and noteia (planting a tree) are avos, which are the two instances where one is causing growth from the initial stage that of planting seeds. The Kesef Mishna<ref name="ftn33"> Hilchos Shabbos 7:2</ref> is on the other side of the spectrum, saying that only zoreia is an av and the rest are toldos. An additional machlokes regarding zoreia is as to when one becomes culpable. The Rashash<ref name="ftn34"> Shabbos 73b</ref> says one is only culpable once the seed takes root, meaning that the melacha is result-oriented. Therefore, if one mistakenly planted or dropped a seed he should immediately pick it up. The Minchas Chinuch<ref name="ftn35"> Mosech HaShabbos Melechet Zoreia n. 2</ref> disagrees and says one is culpable the moment he planted it, thereby making the melacha action-oriented. A practical case is when one accidentally drops some seeds on dirt outside; since this is done without any thought (mitasek), we can rely on the Mekor Chaim, who says that one who is mitasek isn’t in violation of any prohibition, to say it is permitted.<ref name="ftn36"> Rabbi Sobolofsky</ref> | |||
==Basics== | ==Basics== | ||
# In general, any action that initiates or promotes plant growth in any way is included in the prohibited Melacha called Zoreah ([[planting]]). <ref> 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 261) </ref> | # In general, any action that initiates or promotes plant growth in any way is included in the prohibited Melacha called Zoreah ([[planting]]). <ref> 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 261) </ref> | ||
# [[Planting]] of any amount is forbidden. The applications of this prohibition are [[planting]], grafting, removal of obstacles to the plant, fertilizing, watering, spraying insecticide, putting seeds in water, and moving a plant in a bored pot. <Ref> Rambam [[Shabbat]] 8:2, Eglei Tal Zoreya 1,4-8 </ref> | # [[Planting]] of any amount is forbidden. The applications of this prohibition are [[planting]], grafting, removal of obstacles to the plant, fertilizing, watering, spraying insecticide, putting seeds in water, and moving a plant in a bored pot. <Ref> Rambam [[Shabbat]] 8:2, Eglei Tal Zoreya 1,4-8. The Rama 336:11 says if the plant has no buds, one need not be concerned. </ref> | ||
# Pruning a plant, removing weeds from a lawn or garden, fumigating with insecticide, or removing rocks from on top of a sprouting plant are forbidden as Zoreah (because they all promote plant growth). <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 271-2) </ref> | # Pruning a plant, removing weeds from a lawn or garden, fumigating with insecticide, or removing rocks from on top of a sprouting plant are forbidden as Zoreah (because they all promote plant growth). <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 2, pg 271-2) </ref> | ||
==Promoting plant growth== | ==Promoting plant growth== | ||
