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Yom Kippur: Difference between revisions
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===Pills to ease the Fast=== | ===Pills to ease the Fast=== | ||
#It is permissible to take a pill before Yom Kippur which will ease the difficulty of fasting. <ref>Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu, English version pg 448, #20)</ref> However, others write that one should refrain from such pills except for a person who will be in great pain, have a headache, or the like from fasting on Yom Kippur.<ref>Yabia Omer 9:54. for more see [http://halachayomit.co.il/EnglishDefault.asp?HalachaID=2726 Halacha Yomit]. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shalmei Moed pg. 494) calls one who is healthy and uses suppositories to ease the fast, a naval birshut hatorah, abonimable with permission of the Torah. For longer discussions see Sh"t Igrot Moshe OC 4:121, Sh"t Chelkat Yaakov 2:83 and Minchat Shlomo 1:17</ref> | #It is permissible to take a pill before Yom Kippur which will ease the difficulty of fasting.<ref>Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu, English version pg 448, #20)</ref> However, others write that one should refrain from such pills except for a person who will be in great pain, have a headache, or the like from fasting on Yom Kippur.<ref>Yabia Omer 9:54. for more see [http://halachayomit.co.il/EnglishDefault.asp?HalachaID=2726 Halacha Yomit]. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shalmei Moed pg. 494) calls one who is healthy and uses suppositories to ease the fast, a naval birshut hatorah, abonimable with permission of the Torah. For longer discussions see Sh"t Igrot Moshe OC 4:121, Sh"t Chelkat Yaakov 2:83 and Minchat Shlomo 1:17</ref> | ||
===Prayers=== | ===Prayers=== | ||
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====Covering the Blood==== | ====Covering the Blood==== | ||
''See [[Kisui HaDam]] for more details'' | |||
#After the slaughtering the Shochet there is a unique opportunity to perform the mitzvah of Kisui HaDam (covering the blood) by covering the blood of the chicken with dirt that was set aside beforehand. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 78), Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 227) </ref> | #After the slaughtering the Shochet there is a unique opportunity to perform the mitzvah of Kisui HaDam (covering the blood) by covering the blood of the chicken with dirt that was set aside beforehand. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 78), Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 227) </ref> | ||
#Kisui HaDam (covering the blood) should be performed only after the shochet checks his knife to see that it was a proper slaughtering.<ref>Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 605:18), Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 227 </ref> Before covering the blood, one should make the bracha על כסוי הדם בעפר. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 605:18), Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 227, Sh"t Yabea Omer YD 6:2 based on Tur and Shulchan Aruch YD 28:2, Chida in Machazik Beracha 28:2, Ben Ish Chai Parashat Vayelech: Halacha 3 </ref> | #Kisui HaDam (covering the blood) should be performed only after the shochet checks his knife to see that it was a proper slaughtering.<ref>Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 605:18), Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 227 </ref> Before covering the blood, one should make the bracha על כסוי הדם בעפר. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 605:18), Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 227, Sh"t Yabea Omer YD 6:2 based on Tur and Shulchan Aruch YD 28:2, Chida in Machazik Beracha 28:2, Ben Ish Chai Parashat Vayelech: Halacha 3 </ref> | ||
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====Birkat Kohanim==== | ====Birkat Kohanim==== | ||
#The Chazzan should make sure to finish [[Birkat Kohanim]] before sunset; however, if they didn't get to Birkat Kohanim until [[Bein HaShemashot]], [[Birkat Kohanim]] may still be recited until [[Tzeit HaKochavim]].<ref>Yechaveh Da'at 6:40, Yabia Omer vol. 10 Orach Chaim 108:70, Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 112), Or Letzion 2:8:13. They all assume that means up until 13.5 minutes after sunset.</ref> Some, especially Ashkenazim, are not as strict regarding Birkat Kohanim at night.<ref>See Magen Avot Orach Chaim Siman 129</ref> | |||
#The Chazzan should make sure to finish [[Birkat Kohanim]] before sunset; however, if they didn't get to Birkat Kohanim until [[Bein HaShemashot]], [[Birkat Kohanim may still be recited until [[Tzeit HaKochavim]].<ref>Yechaveh Da'at 6:40, Yabia Omer vol. 10 Orach Chaim 108:70, Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 112), Or Letzion 2:8:13. They all assume that means up until 13.5 minutes after sunset.</ref> Some, especially Ashkenazim, are not as strict regarding Birkat Kohanim at night.<ref>See Magen Avot Orach Chaim Siman 129</ref> | |||
====The Conclusion of Neilah==== | ====The Conclusion of Neilah==== | ||
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====Those Who Must Eat==== | ====Those Who Must Eat==== | ||
#In cases when one needs to eat on Yom Kippur (see above) one should eat less than a 2/3 of a [[KeBaytzah]] and then wait [[Kedi Achilat Pras]] (according to some this is 9 minutes) before eating again, and for drinks less than a Meloh Lugmav and wait [[Kedi Achilat Pras]] or at least Kedi Shtiyat [[Revi'it]] before drinking again. If the doctors assess that this is insufficient (after consultation with the doctor and Rabbi) one may eat as much as needed. <ref> | #In cases when one needs to eat on Yom Kippur (see above) one should eat less than a 2/3 of a [[KeBaytzah]] and then wait [[Kedi Achilat Pras]] (according to some this is 9 minutes) before eating again, and for drinks less than a Meloh Lugmav and wait [[Kedi Achilat Pras]] or at least Kedi Shtiyat [[Revi'it]] before drinking again. If the doctors assess that this is insufficient (after consultation with the doctor and Rabbi) one may eat as much as needed.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 618:7-8, Mishna Brurah 618:21. </ref> | ||
#A person who is a Choleh SheEin Bo skana is permissible to take medicine on Yom Kippur if it doesn’t have a good taste. If one needs to have it with liquid one should have mouthwash. <ref>Rav Schachter in [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/763723/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Halachos_of_Yamim_Noraim Halachos of Yamim Noraim] (min 5-7). Rav Chaim Pinchas Sheinberg in Moriah Elul 5759 22:10-12 p. 101 wrote that a Choleh Shein Bo Sakana can take medicines which aren't edible foods on Yom Kippur since it is only a rabbinic restriction to eat inedible food on Yom Kippur. </ref> | #A person who is a Choleh SheEin Bo skana is permissible to take medicine on Yom Kippur if it doesn’t have a good taste. If one needs to have it with liquid one should have mouthwash.<ref>Rav Schachter in [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/763723/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Halachos_of_Yamim_Noraim Halachos of Yamim Noraim] (min 5-7). Rav Chaim Pinchas Sheinberg in Moriah Elul 5759 22:10-12 p. 101 wrote that a Choleh Shein Bo Sakana can take medicines which aren't edible foods on Yom Kippur since it is only a rabbinic restriction to eat inedible food on Yom Kippur. </ref> | ||
#Someone who needs to eat on Yom Kippur (see above) doesn’t need to make [[Kiddish]].<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 307), Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata (Intro ch. 3, n. 12) </ref> If he says Birkat Hamazon he should say Yom Kippur in Yaaleh V'yavo.<ref>Tashbetz Katan 568 explains that there is a Yaaleh V'yavo in Birkat Hamazon for Yom Kippur since it is a holiday.</ref> | #Someone who needs to eat on Yom Kippur (see above) doesn’t need to make [[Kiddish]].<ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 307), Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata (Intro ch. 3, n. 12) </ref> If he says Birkat Hamazon he should say Yom Kippur in Yaaleh V'yavo.<ref>Tashbetz Katan 568 explains that there is a Yaaleh V'yavo in Birkat Hamazon for Yom Kippur since it is a holiday.</ref> | ||
#Someone who is suffering from a bad headache may swallow an Aspirin capsule alone.<ref>Rivevot Efraim 6:320. http://www.aish.com/h/hh/yk/guide/Fasting_on_Yom_Kippur.html permits taking any bitter medicine. </ref> | #Someone who is suffering from a bad headache may swallow an Aspirin capsule alone.<ref>Rivevot Efraim 6:320. http://www.aish.com/h/hh/yk/guide/Fasting_on_Yom_Kippur.html permits taking any bitter medicine. </ref> | ||
#One who has a throat infection, a fever, and a headache may drink a quantity of water that is "less than the permitted amount" (2 ounces). <ref> | #One who has a throat infection, a fever, and a headache may drink a quantity of water that is "less than the permitted amount" (2 ounces).<ref>Shabbat Shabbaton, 64 </ref> | ||
#A person with diarrhea's condition theoretically may be such that he must drink on Yom Kippur. <ref>[[Shabbat]] Shabbaton, 64 </ref> A rabbi and doctor should be consulted. | #A person with diarrhea's condition theoretically may be such that he must drink on Yom Kippur. <ref>[[Shabbat]] Shabbaton, 64 </ref> A rabbi and doctor should be consulted. | ||
#If there is no doctor available to determine the medical situation, one with hepatitis may drink "less than the permitted amount" on Yom Kippur. <ref> | #If there is no doctor available to determine the medical situation, one with hepatitis may drink "less than the permitted amount" on Yom Kippur.<ref>Shabbat Shabbaton, 68 </ref> | ||
#Some cancer patients are prohibited to fast on Yom Kippur, while others, who are authorized by a doctor, are permitted to fast. <ref> | #Some cancer patients are prohibited to fast on Yom Kippur, while others, who are authorized by a doctor, are permitted to fast.<ref>Shabbat Shabbaton, 74 </ref> | ||
#Some weak, elderly people are prohibited to fast on Yom Kippur. <ref> | #Some weak, elderly people are prohibited to fast on Yom Kippur.<ref>Shabbat Shabbaton, 76 </ref> | ||
#A pregnant woman who is suffering from bleeding must drink on Yom Kippur. <ref> | #A pregnant woman who is suffering from bleeding must drink on Yom Kippur.<ref>Shabbat Shabbaton, 81 </ref> | ||
#If there is no doctor available to determine the medical situation, one with hepatitis may drink "less than the permitted amount" on Yom Kippur.<ref>Shabbat Shabbaton, 68 </ref> | |||
#Some cancer patients are prohibited to fast on Yom Kippur, while others, who are authorized by a doctor, are permitted to fast.<ref>Shabbat Shabbaton, 74 </ref> | |||
#Some weak, elderly people are prohibited to fast on Yom Kippur.<ref>Shabbat Shabbaton, 76 </ref> | |||
#Children who didn't reach chinuch to fast may eat cake or candy.<Ref>Rav Nissim Karelitz (Chut Shani Yom Kippur p. 167 cited by Dirshu 616:2), Chazon Ovadia (Yamim Noraim p. 338)</ref> | |||
====Surgery before Yom Kippur==== | ====Surgery before Yom Kippur==== | ||
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#It is forbidden to anoint even a part of one’s body with oil or ointment even if one is only doing so just to remove a bad smell. <ref>S”A 614:1, Mishna Brurah 614:1, Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 313). Nitei Gavriel 46:5 writes that this prohibition applies equally to women as men and references Minchat [[Chinuch]] 313. </ref> | #It is forbidden to anoint even a part of one’s body with oil or ointment even if one is only doing so just to remove a bad smell. <ref>S”A 614:1, Mishna Brurah 614:1, Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 313). Nitei Gavriel 46:5 writes that this prohibition applies equally to women as men and references Minchat [[Chinuch]] 313. </ref> | ||
#It is forbidden to spray oneself with deodorant on Yom Kippur.<ref>Michzeh Eliyahu 2:52:10:37, Nitei Gavriel 46:2, and [http://www.torah.org/advanced/weekly-halacha/5763/devarim.html Rabbi Doniel Neustadt on Torah.org] write that it is forbidden to use deodorant on Yom Kippur. Michzeh Eliyahu says that stick deodorant is sicha which is forbidden even to remove a bad smell and the spray one is rechisa. Or Yizchak 1:223 agrees. [http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/article.php?p=70599 Rabbi Yissachar Krakowski on yeshivaworld.com] writes that while some are lenient regarding aerosol deodorant one should avoid it by applying a thick layer on [[Erev Yom Kippur]]. Rav Elyashiv and Rav Nissim Karelitz (cited by Dirshu 613:1) hold that spray deodorant is forbidden on Yom Kippur. Rav Shlomo Aviner (Piskei Shlomo v. 1 p. 320) is quoted as permitting liquid deodorant on Yom Kippur. (Seemingly his reason is that he compares it to rechisa to remove a bad smell and not like sicha.)</ref> | #It is forbidden to spray oneself with deodorant on Yom Kippur.<ref>Michzeh Eliyahu 2:52:10:37, Nitei Gavriel 46:2, and [http://www.torah.org/advanced/weekly-halacha/5763/devarim.html Rabbi Doniel Neustadt on Torah.org] write that it is forbidden to use deodorant on Yom Kippur. Michzeh Eliyahu says that stick deodorant is sicha which is forbidden even to remove a bad smell and the spray one is rechisa. Or Yizchak 1:223 agrees. [http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/article.php?p=70599 Rabbi Yissachar Krakowski on yeshivaworld.com] writes that while some are lenient regarding aerosol deodorant one should avoid it by applying a thick layer on [[Erev Yom Kippur]]. Rav Elyashiv and Rav Nissim Karelitz (cited by Dirshu 613:1) hold that spray deodorant is forbidden on Yom Kippur. Rav Shlomo Aviner (Piskei Shlomo v. 1 p. 320) is quoted as permitting liquid deodorant on Yom Kippur. (Seemingly his reason is that he compares it to rechisa to remove a bad smell and not like sicha.)</ref> | ||
#Using liquid soap isn't considered anointing but is rather similar to washing. It is permitted to use liquid soap if one's hands are dirty.<ref>Or Letzion 4:12:5 p. 101 explains that | #Using liquid soap isn't considered anointing but is rather similar to washing. It is permitted to use down liquid soap if one's hands are dirty.<ref>Peninei Halacha (Yamim Noraim p. 219 fnt. 6) allows using liquid hand soap if one's hands are dirty such as after changing a diaper. | ||
Or Letzion 4:12:5 p. 101 explains that מי סבון is very thin and is therefore more similar to washing than anointing.</ref> | |||
===Wearing leather shoes=== | ===Wearing leather shoes=== | ||
#It’s forbidden to wear leather shoes on Yom Kippur.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 614:2, Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 313) </ref> Even if the leather of the shoe is on the outside of the shoe it is still forbidden to wear on Yom Kippur.<ref>Chazon Ovadia (Yamim Noraim p. 314) unlike Bet Dovid</ref> | |||
#It’s forbidden to wear leather shoes on Yom Kippur. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 614:2, Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 313) </ref> | #According to some poskim, the beracha "Sheasa Li Kol Tzorki" should not be recited on [[Yom Kippur]] and [[Tisha BeAv]].<ref>Ben Ish Hai, Vayeshev, 9; Kaf Hachaim 46:17 </ref> Others disagree. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 320) </ref> | ||
#According to some poskim, the beracha "Sheasa Li Kol Tzorki" should not be recited on [[Yom Kippur]] and [[Tisha BeAv]]. <ref>Ben Ish Hai, Vayeshev, 9; Kaf Hachaim 46:17 </ref> Others disagree. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim pg 320) </ref> | |||
#Some say that one shouldn't wear shoes which have a raised heel so that one feels the roughness of the ground.<ref>[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/782158/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Inyonei_Yom_Hakippurim_#2 Rav Hershel Schachter in a shiur on Inyonei Yom Kippur (min 47-8)] quotes Rav Soloveitchik as saying that one shouldn't wear shoes which have raised heels so that one feels the roughness of the ground. He based this on the Rambam Shivitat Asor 3:7 who writes that one may wear cloth (non-leather) shoes because one feels the roughness of the ground, implying that non-leather shoes are only permitted if one still feels the roughness of the ground. This is also recorded in Nefesh HaRav (p. 110).</ref> | #Some say that one shouldn't wear shoes which have a raised heel so that one feels the roughness of the ground.<ref>[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/782158/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Inyonei_Yom_Hakippurim_#2 Rav Hershel Schachter in a shiur on Inyonei Yom Kippur (min 47-8)] quotes Rav Soloveitchik as saying that one shouldn't wear shoes which have raised heels so that one feels the roughness of the ground. He based this on the Rambam Shivitat Asor 3:7 who writes that one may wear cloth (non-leather) shoes because one feels the roughness of the ground, implying that non-leather shoes are only permitted if one still feels the roughness of the ground. This is also recorded in Nefesh HaRav (p. 110).</ref> | ||
#Even though it is permissible for a child to wear leather shoes on Yom Kippur it is better to get them non-leather shoes.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 616:1 writes that children may not wear non-leather shoes. However, the poskim including Chazon Ovadia (Yamim Noraim p. 340) and Minchat Shlomo 2:60:21 write that today since the children don't go around barefoot it is permitted but better to avoid.</ref> | #Even though it is permissible for a child to wear leather shoes on Yom Kippur it is better to get them non-leather shoes.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 616:1 writes that children may not wear non-leather shoes. However, the poskim including Chazon Ovadia (Yamim Noraim p. 340) and Minchat Shlomo 2:60:21 write that today since the children don't go around barefoot it is permitted but better to avoid.</ref> | ||
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===Interaction between Husband and Wife=== | ===Interaction between Husband and Wife=== | ||
#It is forbidden for a husband to sleep with his wife on Yom Kippur and furthermore, it is forbidden for them to sleep in the same bed. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 615:1, Yalkut Yosef 615:1</ref> | #It is forbidden for a husband to sleep with his wife on Yom Kippur and furthermore, it is forbidden for them to sleep in the same bed.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 615:1, Yalkut Yosef 615:1</ref> | ||
#The minhag is that a man and wife may not even touch on Yom Kippur. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 615:1, Yalkut Yosef 615:1</ref> | #The minhag is that a man and wife may not even touch on Yom Kippur.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 615:1, Yalkut Yosef 615:1</ref> | ||
#It is forbidden for a man and wife to hug or kiss on Yom Kippur. <ref>Yalkut Yosef 615:1</ref> | #It is forbidden for a man and wife to hug or kiss on Yom Kippur.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 615:1</ref> | ||
===Wearing Jewelry=== | |||
#On Yom Kippur, the minhag is that women don't wear special jewelry that they would wear on Shabbat or Yom Tov.<ref>Mishna Brurah 610:4</ref> | |||
==The Conclusion of Yom Kippur== | ==The Conclusion of Yom Kippur== | ||
