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Yom Kippur: Difference between revisions
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* However, the Rama 605:1 writes that it's an old minhag and one shouldn't refrain from keeping this minhag. Mishna Brurah 605:2 explains that the minhag is justified because it's similar to a korban and it's as though the punishment one deserves is taking place on the chicken. Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 75) writes that this practice is the minhag of all of klal yisrael and it should not be stopped. Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu, chapter 42:1) agrees. The Ben Ish Chai Parashat Vayelech:2, Kaf Hachaim 605:8, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 222, and Yechave Daat 2:71 all record this minhag as well, despite the opposition cited by the Shulchan Aruch. The Arizal quoted in Magen Avraham 605:1 was a strong supporter of the minhag. | * However, the Rama 605:1 writes that it's an old minhag and one shouldn't refrain from keeping this minhag. Mishna Brurah 605:2 explains that the minhag is justified because it's similar to a korban and it's as though the punishment one deserves is taking place on the chicken. Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 75) writes that this practice is the minhag of all of klal yisrael and it should not be stopped. Maamer Mordechai (Rav Mordechai Eliyahu, chapter 42:1) agrees. The Ben Ish Chai Parashat Vayelech:2, Kaf Hachaim 605:8, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 222, and Yechave Daat 2:71 all record this minhag as well, despite the opposition cited by the Shulchan Aruch. The Arizal quoted in Magen Avraham 605:1 was a strong supporter of the minhag. | ||
* Sh"t Ridbaz 2:740 writes that even the Rashba would agree that it is an acceptable minhag if the chickens are given to poor people afterwards. | * Sh"t Ridbaz 2:740 writes that even the Rashba would agree that it is an acceptable minhag if the chickens are given to poor people afterwards. | ||
* see [http://www.koltorah.org/ravj/kapparot.htm Kol Torah by Rabbi Chaim Jachter] for a more detailed article. [http://www.torahmusings.com/2014/09/kaparot/ Rav Soloveitchik] did not observe this practice. </ref> and preferably it should be done on [[Erev Yom Kippur]] in the morning. <ref>Rama 605:1 writes that it is an old minhag to do Kapparot on [[Erev Yom Kippur]]. Mishna Brurah 605:2 agrees but mentions, based on Pri Megadim AA 605:1, that if there's a concern that having everyone do Kapparot on [[Erev Yom Kippur]] in the morning won't give the Shochet enough time to do a proper slaughtering on all the chickens one should do Kapparot a day or two earlier because the entire period of Aseret Yamei | * see [http://www.koltorah.org/ravj/kapparot.htm Kol Torah by Rabbi Chaim Jachter] for a more detailed article. [http://www.torahmusings.com/2014/09/kaparot/ Rav Soloveitchik] did not observe this practice. </ref> and preferably it should be done on [[Erev Yom Kippur]] in the morning. <ref>Rama 605:1 writes that it is an old minhag to do Kapparot on [[Erev Yom Kippur]]. Mishna Brurah 605:2 agrees but mentions, based on Pri Megadim AA 605:1, that if there's a concern that having everyone do Kapparot on [[Erev Yom Kippur]] in the morning won't give the Shochet enough time to do a proper slaughtering on all the chickens one should do Kapparot a day or two earlier because the entire period of Aseret Yamei Teshuva is a time of atonement. Moed Likol Chai 15:47 and Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 223 agree. see also Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 223 for a warning regarding the carelessness that sometimes occurs on Erev Yom Kippur when many people gather to do kapparot. </ref> If one didn't do it before Yom Kippur one may do it on [[Hoshana Rabba]]. <ref>Nitei Gavriel 10:7 </ref> | ||
# One may do kaparot over a woman who is a niddah. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 228, Taharat Habayit 2: pg. 108 </ref> | # One may do kaparot over a woman who is a niddah. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 228, Taharat Habayit 2: pg. 108 </ref> | ||
'''What should be used for Kaparot''' | '''What should be used for Kaparot''' | ||
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'''Procedure''' | '''Procedure''' | ||
# When one takes the chicken and circles it around one's head one should say זה חליפתי זה תמורתי זה כפרתי. <ref>Mishna Brurah 605:3, Kaf Hachayim 605:16, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 225, Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 76 writes that when circling the chicken around one's head one should say זה חליפתי תמורתי כפרתי </ref> For the [http://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=6756&st=&pgnum=616&hilite= full hebrew text click here] and for the [http://www.chabad.org/holidays/JewishNewYear/template_cdo/aid/320228/jewish/Text-of-Kapparot.htm full english text click here]. | # When one takes the chicken and circles it around one's head one should say זה חליפתי זה תמורתי זה כפרתי. <ref>Mishna Brurah 605:3, Kaf Hachayim 605:16, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 225, Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 76 writes that when circling the chicken around one's head one should say זה חליפתי תמורתי כפרתי </ref> For the [http://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=6756&st=&pgnum=616&hilite= full hebrew text click here] and for the [http://www.chabad.org/holidays/JewishNewYear/template_cdo/aid/320228/jewish/Text-of-Kapparot.htm full english text click here]. | ||
# When performing Kaparot a person should think about | # When performing Kaparot a person should think about Teshuva ([[repentance]]) imagining that the 4 types of death sentences that are carried out on the chicken should be happening to me. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 76) , Mishna Brurah 605:2, Kitzur Shela quoting in Eliya Rabba 605</ref> | ||
# The custom is not to do semichah on the chicken. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 76, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 225, Taz 605:3 </ref> | # The custom is not to do semichah on the chicken. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 76, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 225, Taz 605:3 </ref> | ||
# The minhag is to give the slaughtered chicken to a poor person or to redeem it with money and then give it to a poor person. <ref>Rama 605:1. Mishna Brurah 605:5 writes that if the poor person will be embarrassed to take the chicken because it looks like one put their sins on the chicken then one should redeem it and give the money to the poor but if the poor won't be embarrassed it's preferable to give the chicken to the poor because it requires less effort for the poor person to benefit. Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 225 writes that giving the money is the preferred option based on Maharil pg. 315.</ref> | # The minhag is to give the slaughtered chicken to a poor person or to redeem it with money and then give it to a poor person. <ref>Rama 605:1. Mishna Brurah 605:5 writes that if the poor person will be embarrassed to take the chicken because it looks like one put their sins on the chicken then one should redeem it and give the money to the poor but if the poor won't be embarrassed it's preferable to give the chicken to the poor because it requires less effort for the poor person to benefit. Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 225 writes that giving the money is the preferred option based on Maharil pg. 315.</ref> | ||
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# If one has money which is disputed and can be claimed by someone else even if that other claimant doesn't know one should tell them and then settle the dispute with the local Rabbi. In monetary matters one must not rely on one's own judgement because the Yetzer Hara (evil inclination) fabricates many justifications. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 606:1, Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 78), Chazon Ovadyah (pg 240) </ref> | # If one has money which is disputed and can be claimed by someone else even if that other claimant doesn't know one should tell them and then settle the dispute with the local Rabbi. In monetary matters one must not rely on one's own judgement because the Yetzer Hara (evil inclination) fabricates many justifications. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 606:1, Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 78), Chazon Ovadyah (pg 240) </ref> | ||
# Children have a holy obligation to ask forgiveness from their parents because of Kibbud Av VeEm (respecting one's parents). Similarly, spouses should forgive one another. A student should ask forgiveness from his Rebbe if he lives in the city. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 606:11) </ref> | # Children have a holy obligation to ask forgiveness from their parents because of Kibbud Av VeEm (respecting one's parents). Similarly, spouses should forgive one another. A student should ask forgiveness from his Rebbe if he lives in the city. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 606:11) </ref> | ||
# It's forbidden to be cruel and not forgive but rather in one's heart one should completely forgive him for the offense. Even if it pained it intently one should not take [[revenge]] or harbor a grudge. <ref>Rama 606:1, Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 80), Chazon Ovadyah (pg 243), Aruch Hashulchan 606:2. In Shaar ha-Tziyun 606:8 he writes that one who forgives receives forgiveness from Hashem, measure for measure. Mateh Efrayim 606:4 says that one who in unwilling to forgive is potentially preventing his [[prayers]] from reaching the heavens. Rambam Hilchot | # It's forbidden to be cruel and not forgive but rather in one's heart one should completely forgive him for the offense. Even if it pained it intently one should not take [[revenge]] or harbor a grudge. <ref>Rama 606:1, Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 80), Chazon Ovadyah (pg 243), Aruch Hashulchan 606:2. In Shaar ha-Tziyun 606:8 he writes that one who forgives receives forgiveness from Hashem, measure for measure. Mateh Efrayim 606:4 says that one who in unwilling to forgive is potentially preventing his [[prayers]] from reaching the heavens. Rambam Hilchot Teshuva 2:10 compares one who is unwilling to forgive to the hard-heartened gentiles. </ref> If one forgiving Hashem will forgive his sins, however, if a man is stubborn and doesn't forgive Hashem will act accordingly (Chas VeShalom). <ref>Mishna Brurah 606:8 quoting the gemara [[Rosh Hashana]] 17a </ref> | ||
# If a person who offended his fellow and asks forgiveness the friend shouldn't reject the appeasement unless it is intended for the benefit of the one who did the offense so that he is humbled and doesn't continue by doing that offense. <ref>Rama 606:1 </ref>Nonetheless, if one is not granted forgiveness for the benefit of the offender one must be sure to remove any hate of the offender from one's heart. <ref>Mishna Brurah 606:9 </ref> | # If a person who offended his fellow and asks forgiveness the friend shouldn't reject the appeasement unless it is intended for the benefit of the one who did the offense so that he is humbled and doesn't continue by doing that offense. <ref>Rama 606:1 </ref>Nonetheless, if one is not granted forgiveness for the benefit of the offender one must be sure to remove any hate of the offender from one's heart. <ref>Mishna Brurah 606:9 </ref> | ||
# If one suspects that the person asking forgiveness from him will just repeat the wrong that he did to him, he isn't obligated to forgive him. <ref> Mishna Brurah 606:10 </ref> | # If one suspects that the person asking forgiveness from him will just repeat the wrong that he did to him, he isn't obligated to forgive him. <ref> Mishna Brurah 606:10 </ref> | ||
