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Yahrzeit: Difference between revisions
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The Yahrzeit is a unique day on the Jewish calender marking the one year anniversary of a loved one's passing. | The Yahrzeit is a unique day on the Jewish calender marking the one year anniversary of a loved one's passing. | ||
==When to Establish a Yahrzeit== | |||
# If the person was buried the day he died or the next day then the yehrzeit every year is established as the day of the death.<ref>The Rama quotes the Trumat Hadeshen as establishing that the yehrzeit is always established as the day of death and not the day of the burial unless he was at the burial and not the death. The Taz 402:9 disagrees and holds that the yehrzeit is always the day of the death.</ref> However, if he was buried two days or more after the death then the first yehrzeit is the day of the burial so that it falls out on the day of the completion of the 12 month mourning period and every subsequent yehrzeit is the day of the death.<ref>Shach YD 402:10 argues with the Taz that from the Trumat Hadeshen it is evident that the yehrzeit is supposed to be the day of the completion of the 12 months of mourning. His compromise is that if the person was buried on the day of his death or the next day then the yehrzeit is observed on the day of the death, but if it is delayed two days or more then the first yehrzeit is observed on the day of the burial.</ref> If the burial was delayed two days or more and the first year was a leap year then the yehrzeit is observed on the day of the death since the 12 month mourning period would already have been completed within the first 12 months.<ref>Pitchei Teshuva 402:3</ref> | |||
# If the Yehrzeit falls out on any day which there is no Tachanun. The fast isn't made up another day.<ref>Rama YD 402:12</ref> According to Sephardim the fast is made up the next day.<ref>Bedek Habayit 403:12 quoting the Maharik 31</ref> | |||
# If someone's parent passed away in a leap year in the first Adar then the yehrzeit is established during the first Adar whenever it is a leap year. The same is true of the second Adar.<ref>Rama YD 402:12</ref> | |||
# If someone's parent passed away in a regular year in Adar and then in a leap year according to Ashkenazim the Yehrzeit is observed in the first Adar, while according to Sephardim the Yehrzeit is observed in the second Adar.<ref>Rama YD 402:12 quotes the Trumat Hadeshen as saying that the main adar is the first one and if that year is a leap year the Yehrzeit is in the first Adar. However, the Bet Yosef 402:12 quotes a Tashbetz who argues that the main Adar is the second one. </ref> | |||
# If the yehrzeit fell out on Friday according to Ashkenazim one can break the fast after leaving shul even if it isn't tzet hakochavim. If he once fasted on Friday completely then he need to do so every time unless he specified that he was doing so bli neder.<ref>Rama YD 402:12 writes that a Yehrzeit on Friday doesn't need to be completed but if he did fast completely once he needs to continue that practice. The Maharshal (responsa 9 cited by Taz OC 249:3) explains that if the first year was during the week and he completed the fast then his practice is established as completing the fast even when the yehrzeit will fall out on a Friday. However, the Taz OC 249:3 argues that since one didn't intend to accept upon oneself to complete the fast on Friday just because one fasted during the week it isn't binding as a neder. Also, the Pitchei Teshuva YD 402:8 quotes the Chut Shani 66 and Nachalat Shiva 58 who explains that whatever he practiced the first time the first yehrzeit fell out on a Friday establishes his practice going forward when the yehrzeit will fall out on a Friday. The Gilyon Maharsha 402:12 agrees but is afraid to disagree with the Maharshal. </ref> Sephardim hold that a yehrzeit fast on Friday needs to be completed until tzet hakochavim.<ref>Shulchan Aruch OC 249:3</ref> | |||
==Kaddish== | ==Kaddish== | ||
# The custom is to recite kaddish on the yahrtzeit of a parent. <ref> Rama YD 376:4 </ref> | # The custom is to recite kaddish on the yahrtzeit of a parent. <ref> Rama YD 376:4 </ref> | ||
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==Yahrtzeit Candle== | ==Yahrtzeit Candle== | ||
# The custom is to light a candle on the yahrtzeit of a parent. <ref> Magen Avraham OC 261:6 | # The custom is to light a candle on the yahrtzeit of a parent. <ref> Magen Avraham OC 261:6 quotes the Maharshal 46 that if one forgot to light it earlier, he can ask a non-Jew to light a yahrtzeit candle during bein hashemashot. Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 3 p. 54) quotes many sources regarding the minhag is to light a candle on the yehrzeit of a parent. </ref> | ||
# Some poskim say that you cannot use an electric light as a yahrtzeit candle. <Ref> Mishneh Halachot 5:70. | # Some poskim say that you cannot use an electric light as a yahrtzeit candle. <Ref> Mishneh Halachot 5:70</ref> Others permit it to fulfill this minhag.<ref>Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v 3. p. 54). </ref> | ||
==Wedding Celebrations== | ==Wedding Celebrations== | ||
# One should avoid going to a wedding celebration on the yahrtzeit of a parent. <ref> Rama YD 391:3, Yalkut Yosef Kitzur | # One should avoid going to a wedding celebration on the yahrtzeit of a parent. <ref> Rama YD 391:3, Yalkut Yosef Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 2:274 says if possible even sepharadim should be stringent for this even though it is only mentioned by the Rama</ref> | ||
