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Which Melachot Are Forbidden on Yom Tov?: Difference between revisions
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Which Melachot Are Forbidden on Yom Tov? (view source)
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* Rama 495:1 writes that if a food would taste just as good if it was cooked before Yom Tov then one shouldn’t cook it on Yom Tov itself. After the fact if one didn’t cook it before Yom Tov one may do so with a shinuy. Shulchan Aruch 495:1 implies that any ochel nefesh activity is permitted even if it was possible to do from yesterday. | * Rama 495:1 writes that if a food would taste just as good if it was cooked before Yom Tov then one shouldn’t cook it on Yom Tov itself. After the fact if one didn’t cook it before Yom Tov one may do so with a shinuy. Shulchan Aruch 495:1 implies that any ochel nefesh activity is permitted even if it was possible to do from yesterday. | ||
* The Biur Halacha s.v. mihu explains that there are 3 opinions: The Ran who allows ochel nefesh even if it is possible to do yesterday, the Smag (Lavin 75) who says initially it is forbidden but after the fact it can be done with a shinuy, and the Or Zaruah (Pesach n. 248) who says it is forbidden altogether. The Shulchan Aruch follows the Ran and the Rama the Smag. | * The Biur Halacha s.v. mihu explains that there are 3 opinions: The Ran who allows ochel nefesh even if it is possible to do yesterday, the Smag (Lavin 75) who says initially it is forbidden but after the fact it can be done with a shinuy, and the Or Zaruah (Pesach n. 248) who says it is forbidden altogether. The Shulchan Aruch follows the Ran and the Rama the Smag. | ||
* Pri Chadash 495:1 s.v. umah shekatav veyesh writes that most rishonim agree that there's a rabbinic prohibition to do ochel nefesh that you could have done before Yom Tov. He writes that this is the opinion of the Rambam (Yom Tov 1:5), Ran (Beitzah 12b), and Tosfot (Shabbat 95a, Beitzah 21a, 23b) in a few places. However, it is evident from the certain places in the Ran (Beitzah 5b and 7a) and Tosfot (Beitzah 3a) that it is clearly permitted completely. | * Pri Chadash 495:1 s.v. umah shekatav veyesh writes that most rishonim agree that there's a rabbinic prohibition to do ochel nefesh that you could have done before Yom Tov. He writes that this is the opinion of the Rambam (Yom Tov 1:5), Ran (Beitzah 12b), and Tosfot (Shabbat 95a, Beitzah 21a, 23b) in a few places. However, it is evident from the certain places in the Ran (Beitzah 5b and 7a) and Tosfot (Beitzah 3a) that it is clearly permitted completely. Peni Yehoshua (Beitzah 12a s.v. bgemara) seems to agree in understanding the rambam. | ||
* Many rishonim hold that ochel nefesh is forbidden if it was possible from yesterday. These include: Tosfot (Megillah 7a s.v. kaan), Kol Bo (no. 58, cited by Bet Yosef 504:1), Or Zaruah (no. 248), Maharach Or Zaruah (no. 33), [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=40609&st=&pgnum=250 Michtam (Beitzah 28b)] in understanding the Rambam, Rivash (responsa 184), and Maharil (Hilchot Yom Tov, cited by Darkei Moshe 495:2). See Chazon Ovadia p. 8 who is concerned for this opinion initially. The Achronim who agree with this approach include: Maharshal (Beitzah 3:1), Pri Chadash 495:1, Shiurei Knesset Hagedola (Bet Yosef 495:5), Birkei Yosef 495:2, and Kaf Hachaim 495:10. | * Many rishonim hold that ochel nefesh is forbidden if it was possible from yesterday. These include: Tosfot (Megillah 7a s.v. kaan), Kol Bo (no. 58, cited by Bet Yosef 504:1), Or Zaruah (no. 248), Maharach Or Zaruah (no. 33), [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=40609&st=&pgnum=250 Michtam (Beitzah 28b)] in understanding the Rambam, Rivash (responsa 184), and Maharil (Hilchot Yom Tov, cited by Darkei Moshe 495:2). See Chazon Ovadia p. 8 who is concerned for this opinion initially. The Achronim who agree with this approach include: Maharshal (Beitzah 3:1), Pri Chadash 495:1, Shiurei Knesset Hagedola (Bet Yosef 495:5), Birkei Yosef 495:2, and Kaf Hachaim 495:10. | ||
* The Gra answers the proofs of the Pri Chadash that it is only forbidden if it the type of work that is done for multiple days. | * The Gra 495 answers the proofs of the Pri Chadash that it is only forbidden if it the type of work that is done for multiple days. | ||
* Those who agree with Shulchan Aruch that ochel nefesh is permitted even if it was possible yesterday: Rav Avraham Antebi in Chachma Umussar no. 155, Bet Dovid (OC 286), and Chazon Ovadia (Yom Tov, p. 8). | * Those who agree with Shulchan Aruch that ochel nefesh is permitted even if it was possible yesterday: Rav Avraham Antebi in Chachma Umussar no. 155, Bet Dovid (OC 286), and Chazon Ovadia (Yom Tov, p. 8). The Maamer Mordechai 495:3 is lenient and explains that the Rambam means that any melacha which is generally used for food is permitted even if it could be done before Yom Tov and he only meant to say that those melachot which are generally used for preparing food in advance of when you're ready to eat it are forbidden. This idea is similar to that of the Maggid Mishna. The Sefer Hachinuch (Mitzvah 298) also holds like this approach. | ||
* The Mordechai (Beitzah no. 657) writes that it is forbidden to make sour dough in order to make dough rise since it can be made before Yom Tov. Shulchan Aruch 506:8 holds like the Mordechai. Seemingly this is a contradiction to Shulchan Aruch 495:1. Biur Halacha 495 s.v. vechen answers that preparing sour dough is worse since it is usually prepared a long time in advance. </ref> if one forgot and there’s a need for the [[Yom Tov]] one may do it on [[Yom Tov]] with a shinui. <Ref>Rama 495:1, Mishna Brurah 495:8 </ref> If one was unable to make this type of food before [[yom Tov]] because of Ones (unforeseeable circumstances). <Ref>Mishna Brurah 495:10 </ref> | * The Mordechai (Beitzah no. 657) writes that it is forbidden to make sour dough in order to make dough rise since it can be made before Yom Tov. Shulchan Aruch 506:8 holds like the Mordechai. Seemingly this is a contradiction to Shulchan Aruch 495:1. Biur Halacha 495 s.v. vechen answers that preparing sour dough is worse since it is usually prepared a long time in advance. </ref> if one forgot and there’s a need for the [[Yom Tov]] one may do it on [[Yom Tov]] with a shinui. <Ref>Rama 495:1, Mishna Brurah 495:8 </ref> If one was unable to make this type of food before [[yom Tov]] because of Ones (unforeseeable circumstances). <Ref>Mishna Brurah 495:10 </ref> | ||
## For example, it is proper to bake cake before Yom Tov which could be prepared before Yom Tov without a loss of taste.<ref>Chazon Ovadia Yom Tov p. 9</ref> | ## For example, it is proper to bake cake before Yom Tov which could be prepared before Yom Tov without a loss of taste.<ref>Chazon Ovadia Yom Tov p. 9</ref> | ||
