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When Is the Earliest and Latest Time to Pray?: Difference between revisions
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When Is the Earliest and Latest Time to Pray? (view source)
Revision as of 01:01, 12 August 2013
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==Earliest time for parts of Shacharit== | ==Earliest time for parts of Shacharit== | ||
# One can only say Korbanot during the day, meaning after [[Olot HaShachar]] which is 72 minutes (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before | # One can only say Korbanot during the day, meaning after [[Olot HaShachar]] which is 72 minutes (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before HaNetz. <Ref>S”A 1:6. </ref> | ||
# In cases of need, such a worker who needs to daven early, one can say Korbanot from 96 minutes (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before | # In cases of need, such a worker who needs to daven early, one can say Korbanot from 96 minutes (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before HaNetz. <Ref> Halacha Brurah 1:16 (based on Sh”t Yacheve Daat 2:8) writes that in cases of need (worker that needs to daven early) it’s possible to say Korbanot 96 minutes before HaNetz. </ref> | ||
# The earliest time to say Birchot HaShachar is from Chatzot (midnight). <ref> Magan Avraham 47:13, Kaf HaChaim 46:49, Or Letzion (vol 2, 4:9) </ref> | # The earliest time to say Birchot HaShachar is from Chatzot (midnight). <ref> Magan Avraham 47:13, Kaf HaChaim 46:49, Or Letzion (vol 2, 4:9) </ref> | ||
# The earliest time to say Baruch SheAmar is [[Olot HaShachar]] which is 72 minutes (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before | # The earliest time to say Baruch SheAmar is [[Olot HaShachar]] which is 72 minutes (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before HaNetz. <Ref> Halacha Brurah 1:16 </ref> | ||
# The earliest time that one can put on [[Talit]] is MeSheYakir, which is one hour (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before [[ | # The earliest time that one can put on [[Talit]] is MeSheYakir, which is one hour (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before [[HaHaNetz]]. <Ref>S”A 18:3 rules that the time to make the Bracha on talit is from MeSheYakir. There is a dispute among the achronim when is MeSheYakir. Because of Safek Brachot LeHakel, Halacha Brurah 18:6 one can’t make the Bracha earlier than a fifth of an hour (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) after [[Olot HaShachar]]. </ref> | ||
# Ashkenazim, in a case of need, can be lenient to say the Bracha on [[Talit]] from [[Olot HaShachar]] which is 72 minutes (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before | # Ashkenazim, in a case of need, can be lenient to say the Bracha on [[Talit]] from [[Olot HaShachar]] which is 72 minutes (in [[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before HaNetz. <Ref> Rama 18:3 says that Bedieved if one wears a [[Talit]] after [[Olot HaShachar]] one should make a Bracha and concludes that such was the minhag. </ref> | ||
==Times for Shacharit== | ==Times for Shacharit== | ||
===Earliest time=== | ===Earliest time=== | ||
# The ideal Mitzvah is to start praying [[Shemoneh Esrei]] of Shacharit at [[ | # The ideal Mitzvah is to start praying [[Shemoneh Esrei]] of Shacharit at [[HaNetz HaChama]] (sunrise). <ref> Gemara Brachot 26a writes the ideal time to pray Shacharit is at [[HaNetz HaChama]] and that was the practice of the Vatikin (those who fulfill the מצות early and in the proper time). This is codified by the Rambam (Tefillah 3:1), Rosh (Brachot 4:1), Tur and S”A 89:1 </ref> | ||
# After the fact, if one did pray after [[Olot HaShachar]] (dawn, about 72 minutes before sunrise) one has fulfilled one’s obligation. <ref> The Rosh (Brachot 4:1) writes that even though ideally one should pray at | # After the fact, if one did pray after [[Olot HaShachar]] (dawn, about 72 minutes before sunrise) one has fulfilled one’s obligation. <ref> The Rosh (Brachot 4:1) writes that even though ideally one should pray at HaNetz (sunrise) if one prayed after [[Olot HaShachar]] one would have fulfilled one’s obligation. This is also the opinion of many Rishonim including Tosfot 30a (D”H Avuha), Rambam (Tefillah 3:7, Sh”t Rambam 27), Rabbenu Yerucham (according to Bet Yosef 89:1) and the Tur 89:1. This is codified in S”A 89:1. </ref> | ||
# If one needs to travel or in a case of extreme difficulty one may pray Shacharit after [[Olot HaShachar]] before | # If one needs to travel or in a case of extreme difficulty one may pray Shacharit after [[Olot HaShachar]] before HaNetz, but nonetheless one may not make the Bracha on [[Talit]] and [[Tefillin]] or say [[Kriyat Shema]] until [[Mesheyakir]]. <Ref> | ||
* The Rosh (Brachot 4:1) writes that even though ideally one should pray at | * The Rosh (Brachot 4:1) writes that even though ideally one should pray at HaNetz (sunrise) if one prayed after [[Olot HaShachar]] one would have fulfilled one’s obligation. This is also the opinion of many Rishonim including Tosfot 30a (D”H Avuha), Rambam (Tefillah 3:7, Sh”t Rambam 27), Rabbenu Yerucham (according to Bet Yosef 89:1) and the Tur 89:1. This is codified in S”A 89:1. | ||
* There is a minority of Rishonim who hold that in extenuating circumstances one is permitted to pray Shacharit before [[Olot HaShachar]]. The basis of this approach is Rashi (Brachot 30a D”H VeLayaved), Sh”t Raavan (176), and Raavad (quoted by the Sefer Hashlamah). | * There is a minority of Rishonim who hold that in extenuating circumstances one is permitted to pray Shacharit before [[Olot HaShachar]]. The basis of this approach is Rashi (Brachot 30a D”H VeLayaved), Sh”t Raavan (176), and Raavad (quoted by the Sefer Hashlamah). | ||
* Shulchan Aruch 89:8 rules that in cases of extenuating circumstances such as where one has to travel early one may pray Shacharit [[Shemoneh Esrei]] immediately after [[Olot HaShachar]] and then say Shema while traveling if one is able to have kavana (proper intent) while traveling. This is also mentioned in Mishna Brurah 89:1. </ref> | * Shulchan Aruch 89:8 rules that in cases of extenuating circumstances such as where one has to travel early one may pray Shacharit [[Shemoneh Esrei]] immediately after [[Olot HaShachar]] and then say Shema while traveling if one is able to have kavana (proper intent) while traveling. This is also mentioned in Mishna Brurah 89:1. </ref> | ||
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## However, if one feels that it’s just too dark and one can’t understand what the people are relying on to put on [[Tefillin]] so early one should say up to Baruch SheAmar before traveling and then pray at one’s office. <Ref>[http://www.ou.org/webcast_kosher Rabbi Yisrael Belsky] (OU Kosher Webcast, min 19:30-28:30)</ref> | ## However, if one feels that it’s just too dark and one can’t understand what the people are relying on to put on [[Tefillin]] so early one should say up to Baruch SheAmar before traveling and then pray at one’s office. <Ref>[http://www.ou.org/webcast_kosher Rabbi Yisrael Belsky] (OU Kosher Webcast, min 19:30-28:30)</ref> | ||
# If one prayed before [[Olot HaShachar]], one has not fulfilled one’s obligation. Nonetheless, one should pray again on condition that if one is exempt then one is praying voluntarily. <Ref> | # If one prayed before [[Olot HaShachar]], one has not fulfilled one’s obligation. Nonetheless, one should pray again on condition that if one is exempt then one is praying voluntarily. <Ref> | ||
* What’s the earliest time for [[Shacharit]]? The Rosh 4:1 writes that even though ideally one should pray at | * What’s the earliest time for [[Shacharit]]? The Rosh 4:1 writes that even though ideally one should pray at HaNetz (sunrise) if one prayed after [[Olot HaShachar]] one would have fulfilled one’s obligation. This is also the opinion of many Rishonim including Tosfot 30a (D”H Avuha), Rambam (Tefillah 3:7, Sh”t Rambam 27), Rabbenu Yerucham (according to Bet Yosef 89:1) and the Tur 89:1. This is codified in S”A 89:1. | ||
* There is a minority of Rishonim who hold that in extenuating circumstances one is permitted to pray Shacharit before [[Olot HaShachar]]. The basis of this approach is Rashi (Brachot 30a D”H VeLayaved), Sh”t Raavan (176), and Raavad (quoted by the Sefer Hashlamah). | * There is a minority of Rishonim who hold that in extenuating circumstances one is permitted to pray Shacharit before [[Olot HaShachar]]. The basis of this approach is Rashi (Brachot 30a D”H VeLayaved), Sh”t Raavan (176), and Raavad (quoted by the Sefer Hashlamah). | ||
* [Interestingly, the דרישה argues that the Rabbenu Yerucham holds that there are three levels, ideally one should pray at | * [Interestingly, the דרישה argues that the Rabbenu Yerucham holds that there are three levels, ideally one should pray at HaNetz, it’s permissible to pray after Mesheyakir and it’s only effective, after the fact, after [[Olot HaShachar]].] | ||
* Mishna Brurah 89:2 writes that based on S”A, if one prayed before [[Olot HaShachar]] one has not fulfilled one’s obligation. | * Mishna Brurah 89:2 writes that based on S”A, if one prayed before [[Olot HaShachar]] one has not fulfilled one’s obligation. | ||
* However, Yalkut Yosef (Tefillah pg 136, see also Sh”t Yechave Daat 2:8) writes that even if one prayed altogether before [[Olot HaShachar]] one should still pray again at the proper time with a stipulation that if one is not obligated that it should be a voluntary prayer. So writes Sh”t Otzrot Yosef 5:3. </ref> | * However, Yalkut Yosef (Tefillah pg 136, see also Sh”t Yechave Daat 2:8) writes that even if one prayed altogether before [[Olot HaShachar]] one should still pray again at the proper time with a stipulation that if one is not obligated that it should be a voluntary prayer. So writes Sh”t Otzrot Yosef 5:3. </ref> | ||
