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Tzitzit: Difference between revisions
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== Source of Requirement == | == Source of Requirement == | ||
# There is a positive Torah commandment to place Tzitzit strands on a four cornered garment that one wears. <ref>Bamidbar 15:38; Devarim 22:12, Rambam Sefer Hamitzvot mitzvat aseh 14.</ref> | # There is a positive Torah commandment to place Tzitzit strands on a four cornered garment that one wears. <ref>Bamidbar 15:38; Devarim 22:12, Rambam Sefer Hamitzvot mitzvat aseh 14.</ref> | ||
# There is, however, no obligation to wear such a garment in the first place.<ref>Rambam Hilchot Tzizit 3:11; Tur 24:1; Shulchan Aruch 24:1</ref> Nevertheless, our Rabbis have strongly promoted the observance of this relatively simple Mitzvah since it comes with great reward.<ref>Rambam Hilchot Tzizit 3:11; Tur 24:1; Shulchan Aruch 24:1; Rav Moshe Feinstein in Igres Moshe 4:4; Rav Ovadya | # There is, however, no obligation to wear such a garment in the first place.<ref>Rambam Hilchot Tzizit 3:11; Tur 24:1; Shulchan Aruch 24:1</ref> Nevertheless, our Rabbis have strongly promoted the observance of this relatively simple Mitzvah since it comes with great reward.<ref>Rambam Hilchot Tzizit 3:11; Tur 24:1; Shulchan Aruch 24:1; Rav Moshe Feinstein in Igres Moshe 4:4; Rav Ovadya Yosef in Yechaveh Daat 4:2</ref> | ||
== Person Requirements == | == Person Requirements == | ||
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# One may wear Tzitzit before these times, however he should do so without making a bracha, and only when it becomes the time period known as Misheyakir may one make a bracha.<ref>Rema 18:3</ref> | # One may wear Tzitzit before these times, however he should do so without making a bracha, and only when it becomes the time period known as Misheyakir may one make a bracha.<ref>Rema 18:3</ref> | ||
# If one inadvertently made a bracha before dawn, he should not repeat another bracha when the correct time arrives.<ref>Mishna Berura 18:10. He explains that we are cautious since perhaps the halacha follows the Rosh that daytime garments worn at night require Tzitzit and accordingly the bracha would have been correct; Kaf HaChaim 18:22; Halacha Berura 1, 18:6</ref> | # If one inadvertently made a bracha before dawn, he should not repeat another bracha when the correct time arrives.<ref>Mishna Berura 18:10. He explains that we are cautious since perhaps the halacha follows the Rosh that daytime garments worn at night require Tzitzit and accordingly the bracha would have been correct; Kaf HaChaim 18:22; Halacha Berura 1, 18:6</ref> | ||
# In terms of nighttime wear, one may wear Tzitzit at night without a bracha and can even sleep in them.<ref>Tosfot Gemara Niddah 51b; Rambam Hilchot Tzizit 3:8; Rema 21:3; Mishna Berura ad loc; Yalkut Yosef Additions 1, 8:5</ref> He wouldn’t have to be worried about violating Baal Tosef.<ref>Rambam Hilchot Tzizit 3:8; Kesef Mishna ad loc; Beit Yosef 8:13</ref> In fact, according to kabbalistic sources, Tzitzit protect a person at night from destructive forces<ref>Shaar Kavanot Tefilat Arvit:1</ref> | # In terms of nighttime wear, one may wear Tzitzit at night without a bracha and can even sleep in them.<ref>Tosfot Gemara Niddah 51b; Rambam Hilchot Tzizit 3:8; Rema 21:3; Mishna Berura ad loc; Yalkut Yosef Additions 1, 8:5</ref> He wouldn’t have to be worried about violating Baal Tosef.<ref>Rambam Hilchot Tzizit 3:8; Kesef Mishna ad loc; Beit Yosef 8:13</ref> In fact, according to kabbalistic sources, Tzitzit protect a person at night from destructive forces<ref>Shaar Kavanot Tefilat Arvit:1, Birkei Yosef 8:7, Kaf Hachayim 21:15 </ref> | ||
# However, one should not wear a Tallit Gadol at night,<ref>Bach 18; Magen Avraham 18:1; Mishna Berura 18:4; Birkay Yosef 18:1</ref> unless one is the shliach tzibur (cantor) for Maariv and he isn’t wearing an appropriate outer garment (like a jacket).<ref>Pri Megadim in Ashel Avraham 18:1; Mishna Berura 18:4</ref> | # However, one should not wear a Tallit Gadol at night,<ref>Bach 18; Magen Avraham 18:1; Mishna Berura 18:4; Birkay Yosef 18:1</ref> unless one is the shliach tzibur (cantor) for Maariv and he isn’t wearing an appropriate outer garment (like a jacket).<ref>Pri Megadim in Ashel Avraham 18:1; Mishna Berura 18:4</ref> | ||
# Another exception would be for Sephardim, where it is customary for a chatan (groom) to wear a Tallit Gadol at his wedding ceremony, he may do so even at nighttime. If it is before sunset he should make a bracha and if after sunset than without a bracha.<ref>Halacha Berura 1, 18:2</ref> | # Another exception would be for Sephardim, where it is customary for a chatan (groom) to wear a Tallit Gadol at his wedding ceremony, he may do so even at nighttime. If it is before sunset he should make a bracha and if after sunset than without a bracha.<ref>Halacha Berura 1, 18:2</ref> | ||
# Strings can be tied onto a garment at night even though we do not recite the beracha before putting it on then. <ref> Sh"t Yabia Omer OC 8:3 </ref> | |||
==Material Requirements== | ==Material Requirements== | ||
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# The cloth that goes over the shoulder can’t be thin strips but rather they must be at least as wide as 3 Etzba’ot. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 16:1 and 16:4 writes that the cloth that goes over the shoulder can’t be thin stripes but rather should be wide enough to be recognizable as clothing. The Eshel Avraham and Kaf HaChaim 16:4 hold that it should be at least 3 Etzba’ot wide. </ref> | # The cloth that goes over the shoulder can’t be thin strips but rather they must be at least as wide as 3 Etzba’ot. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 16:1 and 16:4 writes that the cloth that goes over the shoulder can’t be thin stripes but rather should be wide enough to be recognizable as clothing. The Eshel Avraham and Kaf HaChaim 16:4 hold that it should be at least 3 Etzba’ot wide. </ref> | ||
# It’s better not to have sleeves on Tzitzit. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 16:4 </ref> | # It’s better not to have sleeves on Tzitzit. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 16:4 </ref> | ||
==Other Garments== | |||
#A scarf is exempt from tzitzit. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 10:11 </ref> | |||
# Towels are exempt from tzitzit. <ref> Biur Halacha 10: "soder" </ref> | |||
==Tuck In or Out== | ==Tuck In or Out== | ||
# Some ashkenazim have the minhag to tuck their strings in and some leave them out. <ref> Mishna Berura 8:26 was strongly against those who wear their tzitzit in and says that by doing so you are disgracing mitzvot and adds that if you received a gift from the king you would surely wear it outside to show off to others. This is the psak of S"A Harav 8:18, and the Magen Avraham 8:13. Aruch HaShulchan OC 8:17, 23:2 says that in many communities in eastern Europe they would took the strings in but he says this isn't really correct. In Nefesh HaRav page 105 Rabbi Herschel Schachter says that some have the minhag to tuck the strings into their pockets or wrap it around the belt. </ref> The sephardi minhag is to wear them tucked in. <ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 2:1, Sh"t Yaskil Avdi 5:3 and 8:2, Rabbi Shalom Messas in Shemesh U'Magen OC 2:74 based on the Arizal quoting in Pri Etz Chaim Shaat Tzitzit 1. Rav Yaakov | # Some ashkenazim have the minhag to tuck their strings in and some leave them out. <ref> Mishna Berura 8:26 was strongly against those who wear their tzitzit in and says that by doing so you are disgracing mitzvot and adds that if you received a gift from the king you would surely wear it outside to show off to others. This is the psak of S"A Harav 8:18, and the Magen Avraham 8:13. Aruch HaShulchan OC 8:17, 23:2 says that in many communities in eastern Europe they would took the strings in but he says this isn't really correct. In Nefesh HaRav page 105 Rabbi Herschel Schachter says that some have the minhag to tuck the strings into their pockets or wrap it around the belt. </ref> The sephardi minhag is to wear them tucked in. <ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 2:1, Sh"t Yaskil Avdi 5:3 and 8:2, Rabbi Shalom Messas in Shemesh U'Magen OC 2:74 based on the Arizal quoting in Pri Etz Chaim Shaat Tzitzit 1. Rav Yaakov Hillel writes in Gevurat HaAri page 137 that the strings should be revealed based on the Arizal (Shaar Hakavanot 7c and Olat Tamid 39a) </ref> A sephardic boy can wear his tzitzit out if it will help him with his yirat shamayim or if he is in an ashkenazi yeshiva and feels uncomfortable. <ref> Sh"t Otzrot Yosef 1:27, Sh"t Or Litzion 2:2:2 </ref> | ||
# At a cemetery one must tuck in his strings. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 23:1 </ref> | # At a cemetery one must tuck in his strings. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 23:1 </ref> | ||
==Tallit Gadol== | ==Tallit Gadol== | ||
