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Transportation on Shabbat: Difference between revisions

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==Car==
# If a person is caught on Friday afternoon because of traffic or the like and can't reach one's destination before sunset, according to some poskim, it is permissible to ask a non-Jew to drive them during Ben Hashemashot (13.5 halachic minutes) even if it means going beyond the techum.<ref>Chazon Ovadia Shabbat v. 1 p. 282, Shevet Halevi 7:45. See, however, Rabbi Heber in [http://www.star-k.org/articles/kashrus-kurrents/89/eruv-shabbos-gridlock/#_ftnref17 Kosher Kurrents (Winter 2013)] based on Rabbi Heinemann writes that after sunset one may not get in a taxi that will exit the techum. For the purposes of bein hashemashot he approximate it to be 30 minutes.</ref>
# Having a Shabbos Bus run by a non-Jew picking up Jews on Shabbat is forbidden.<ref>Bikvei Hatzoan (p. 34), see [http://hirhurim.blogspot.com/2010/03/shabbos-bus.html Hirhurim.blogspot.com] discussing "Shabbat: The Right Way"</ref>
==Running==
==Running==
# One should not run or even take big steps on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Rama 301:1, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 29:4 </ref>
# See [[Recreation_on_Shabbat#Running]].
# One may run because of the rain, a fear, or another extreme need. <ref>Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 29:5. Midrash Rabba (Devarim 18) implies that one shouldn't run on Shabbat even because of the rain. Shevet Halevi 1:58 explains that the reason running is general forbidden unless it is a mitzvah is because someone who is running looks like he is doing something for his personal gain and business as he would do during the week. However, if he's caught in the rain it is permitted to run since it is evident that one is doing so for a specific permitted purpose.</ref>
# It's permissible for children to play a game that involves running because it is their oneg [[shabbat]]. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 301:2, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 29:6 </ref>
# It's permissible to run for the purpose of a mitzvah such as running to shul for [[davening]] or learning. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 301:1, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 29:7 </ref>


==Bike==
==Bike==
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* [http://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=9085&st=&pgnum=310&hilite= Kaf HaChaim (5:404:8)] quotes the Ben Ish Chai, but then he says the minhag is not to ride bikes and he brings many reasons why (it might break and he’ll come to fix it, he might ride outside the [[techum]], he might get to a hill where he’ll need to get off and carry the bike.)
* [http://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=9085&st=&pgnum=310&hilite= Kaf HaChaim (5:404:8)] quotes the Ben Ish Chai, but then he says the minhag is not to ride bikes and he brings many reasons why (it might break and he’ll come to fix it, he might ride outside the [[techum]], he might get to a hill where he’ll need to get off and carry the bike.)
* The [http://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=961&st=&pgnum=51 Yaskil Avdi (OC 3:12:5:4)] says it's assur because it might break and you might come to fix it like musical instruments. And he claims the Ben ish chai was chozer. There is a big discussion as to what the Ben ish chai actually held.  
* The [http://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=961&st=&pgnum=51 Yaskil Avdi (OC 3:12:5:4)] says it's assur because it might break and you might come to fix it like musical instruments. And he claims the Ben ish chai was chozer. There is a big discussion as to what the Ben ish chai actually held.  
* Rav Ovadiah Yosef (Yabia Omer 10 OC 54:12, and 55) doesn't think Ben ish chai changed his mind and he argues with yaskil avdi because we can't invent gzeiros nowadays. But he concludes that it’s proper to be stringent not to ride a bike on [[shabbos]]. Rav Matzliach Mazuz (Sh"t Ish Matzliach OC 1:35) agrees that it should not be permitted to ride a bike on Shabbat or Yom Tov, even in a place with an eruv.</ref>
* Rav Ovadiah Yosef (Yabia Omer 10 OC 54:12, and 55:2) doesn't think Ben Ish Chai changed his mind and he argues with yaskil avdi because we can't invent gzeiros nowadays. But he concludes that it’s proper to be stringent not to ride a bike on [[shabbos]]. Rav Matzliach Mazuz (Sh"t Ish Matzliach OC 1:35) agrees that it should not be permitted to ride a bike on Shabbat or Yom Tov, even in a place with an eruv.</ref>


==Boat==
==Boat==
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==Airplane==
==Airplane==
# One may not travel by airplane over [[Shabbat]] whether or not the plane departs before [[Shabbat]]. However, if the plane arrives after [[Shabbat]] there is some opinion which is lenient, but in any case one should consult one's Orthodox Rabbi. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (vol 1, pg 52). See also VeDaber Davar (Rav Shmuel Pinchasi 1:26) and Chut Sheni (Rav Nassim Karlitz, vol 1, pg 72) seem to forbid whether or not the plane arrives on [[Shabbat]].
# One may not travel by airplane over [[Shabbat]] whether or not the plane departs before [[Shabbat]]. However, if the plane arrives after [[Shabbat]] there is some opinion which is lenient, but in any case one should consult one's Orthodox Rabbi. <ref>Yalkut Yosef (vol 1, pg 52). See also VeDaber Davar (Rav Shmuel Pinchasi 1:26) and Chut Sheni (Rav Nassim Karlitz, vol 1, pg 72) seem to forbid whether or not the plane arrives on [[Shabbat]].
Sh"t Rivevot Ephraim 3:161:2 writes that one shouldn't board an airplane if one knows that it will continue to fly on [[Shabbat]]. He quotes Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer 1:51, Mishev Shalom 76, and Minchat Elazar 2:106 who agree to this. </ref>
Sh"t Rivevot Ephraim 3:161:2 writes that one shouldn't board an airplane if one knows that it will continue to fly on [[Shabbat]]. He quotes Sh"t Tzitz Eliezer 1:21, Mishev Shalom 76, and Minchat Elazar 2:106 who agree to this. </ref>
# If an airplane arrived on [[Shabbat]], one shouldn't get off the plane until after [[Shabbat]], however, if one is unable to do so one should stay in the airport.<ref>Yalkut Yosef (vol 1, pg 53) </ref>
# If an airplane arrived on [[Shabbat]], one shouldn't get off the plane until after [[Shabbat]], however, if one is unable to do so one should stay in the airport.<ref>Yalkut Yosef (vol 1, pg 53) </ref>