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Tikkun Chatzot: Difference between revisions
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==When it should be said== | ==When it should be said== | ||
# Ashkenazim hold that it should be said right before [[Chatzot]] (midnight) and then one should learn from [[Chatzot]] until morning when one can pray. <ref> Mikdash Melech on Zohar (Vayahakel 195c) writes the Tikkun [[Chatzot]] can be said from the second section of the night which is 2 hours ([[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before [[Chatzot]]. Shulchan Aruch HaRav rules like that. Similarly, Yeshuot Yacov 1 writes that [[Chatzot]] should be said a little before [[Chatzot]]. So rule the Malbim in Arsot HaChaim 1:31 and Mishna Brurah 1:9. See also Shulchan Aruch 1:2 who writes one should wake up to pray to Hashem specifically at the end of the first third, the second third, or at the end of the night because [[prayer]] is especially accepted at those times.</ref> However, Sephardim hold that it should be said at [[Chatzot]] of night or afterwards until [[Olot HaShachar]]. <ref> Sh"t Yachave Daat 1:46 pg 135 based on the Zohar (Chaye Sara pg 132b) and Arizal (Shaar Kavanot pg 52d) that one should not say Tikkun [[Chatzot]] before [[Chatzot]]. This is also the opinion of Aruch HaShulchan 1:21, Birkei Yosef 1:6, Ben Ish Chai (Vishlach 4), Yalkut Yosef (5764 edition, vol 1, pg 165), and Halacha Brurah 1:5 </ref> | # Ashkenazim hold that it should be said right before [[Chatzot]] (midnight) and then one should learn from [[Chatzot]] until morning when one can pray. <ref> Mikdash Melech on Zohar (Vayahakel 195c) writes the Tikkun [[Chatzot]] can be said from the second section of the night which is 2 hours ([[Shaot Zmaniot]]) before [[Chatzot]]. Shulchan Aruch HaRav rules like that. Similarly, Yeshuot Yacov 1 writes that [[Chatzot]] should be said a little before [[Chatzot]]. So rule the Malbim in Arsot HaChaim 1:31 and Mishna Brurah 1:9. See also Shulchan Aruch 1:2 who writes one should wake up to pray to Hashem specifically at the end of the first third, the second third, or at the end of the night because [[prayer]] is especially accepted at those times.</ref> However, Sephardim hold that it should be said at [[Chatzot]] of night or afterwards until [[Olot HaShachar]]. <ref> Sh"t Yachave Daat 1:46 pg 135 based on the Zohar (Chaye Sara pg 132b) and Arizal (Shaar Kavanot pg 52d) that one should not say Tikkun [[Chatzot]] before [[Chatzot]]. This is also the opinion of Aruch HaShulchan 1:21, Birkei Yosef 1:6, Ben Ish Chai (Vishlach 4), Yalkut Yosef (5764 edition, vol 1, pg 165), and Halacha Brurah 1:5 </ref> | ||
# Tikkun [[Chatzot]] should be said before [[Olot HaShachar]]. However, many poskim say that one may say Tikkun Leah after [[Olot HaShachar]]. <ref> Kitzur S”A 1:5 writes that if a person can’t wake up at [[Chatzot]] a person should wake up before Olot Hashachar. Igret Rramaz 11 writes that one should say it before [[Olot HaShachar]] and in a Shat HaDachak one can say it after Olot. This is brought down by the Shaarei | # Tikkun [[Chatzot]] should be said before [[Olot HaShachar]]. However, many poskim say that one may say Tikkun Leah after [[Olot HaShachar]]. <ref> Kitzur S”A 1:5 writes that if a person can’t wake up at [[Chatzot]] a person should wake up before Olot Hashachar. Igret Rramaz 11 writes that one should say it before [[Olot HaShachar]] and in a Shat HaDachak one can say it after Olot. This is brought down by the Shaarei Teshuva 1:6. However, Sh"t Lev Chaim writes that one can say it until the time to put on [[Tallit]] and [[Tefillin]]. Ben Ish Chai Vayishlach 8 argues on this based on the language of the Arizal that one shouldn't say it after Olot. Nonetheless, Zichronot Eliyahu 400:17 and Nemukei Orach Chaim (quoted in Maasef LeKol HaMachanot 1:29) say that one can lenient regarding Tikkun Leah. This is also the opinion of Rav Ovadyah in Halichot Olam 1 pg 49, and Halacha Brurah 1:6. </ref> | ||
# During the three weeks (Ben HaMetzarim), Tikkun [[Chatzot]] should be said after [[Chatzot]] of the day. <ref> Kaf HaChaim 551:222. Hinted to in Mishna Brurah 551:103, see Piskei Teshuvot there. </ref> | # During the three weeks (Ben HaMetzarim), Tikkun [[Chatzot]] should be said after [[Chatzot]] of the day. <ref> Kaf HaChaim 551:222. Hinted to in Mishna Brurah 551:103, see Piskei Teshuvot there. </ref> | ||
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==Days it is not said== | ==Days it is not said== | ||
# On the following nights no Tikkun [[Chatzot]] is said: [[Shabbat]], <ref> Shaarei Tzion (beginning of sefer) writes that one does say Tikkun Leah on [[Shabbat]], nonetheless, most achronim rule otherwise including the Ben Ish Chai (Vayishlach 7), Kaf HaChaim 1:13, and Halacha Brurah 1:8. </ref> [[Rosh HaShana]], [[Yom Kippur]], [[Pesach]] ([[Yom Tov]] and [[Chol HaMoed]]), [[Shavuot]], [[Sukkot]] (just [[Yom Tov]]), and [[Shemini Aseret]]. <ref> Ben Ish Chai (Vayishlach 7), Kaf HaChaim 1:13, and Halacha Brurah 1:8 quote this list of days that there's no Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. Of course one doesn't say Tikkun [[Chatzot]] on [[Yom Tov]] Sheni Shel Galiyot just like the first day [[Yom Tov]]. However, Chesed LaAlafim 1:2, and Kaf HaChaim Palagi 3:34 write that one does say Tikkun Leah on [[Yom Tov]]. </ref> | # On the following nights no Tikkun [[Chatzot]] is said: [[Shabbat]], <ref> Shaarei Tzion (beginning of sefer) writes that one does say Tikkun Leah on [[Shabbat]], nonetheless, most achronim rule otherwise including the Ben Ish Chai (Vayishlach 7), Kaf HaChaim 1:13, and Halacha Brurah 1:8. </ref> [[Rosh HaShana]], [[Yom Kippur]], [[Pesach]] ([[Yom Tov]] and [[Chol HaMoed]]), [[Shavuot]], [[Sukkot]] (just [[Yom Tov]]), and [[Shemini Aseret]]. <ref> Ben Ish Chai (Vayishlach 7), Kaf HaChaim 1:13, and Halacha Brurah 1:8 quote this list of days that there's no Tikkun [[Chatzot]]. Of course one doesn't say Tikkun [[Chatzot]] on [[Yom Tov]] Sheni Shel Galiyot just like the first day [[Yom Tov]]. However, Chesed LaAlafim 1:2, and Kaf HaChaim Palagi 3:34 write that one does say Tikkun Leah on [[Yom Tov]]. </ref> | ||
# On the following nights no Tikkun Rachel is said, but Tikkun Leah is still said: days when there's no [[Tachanun]], Chol HaMoad [[Sukkot]], Asert Yemei | # On the following nights no Tikkun Rachel is said, but Tikkun Leah is still said: days when there's no [[Tachanun]], Chol HaMoad [[Sukkot]], Asert Yemei Teshuva, year of Shemittah in [[Israel]], day after the Molad before [[Rosh Chodesh]], <ref> Ben Ish Chai Vayishlach 5, Kaf HaChaim 1:11, Halacha Brurah 1:9 write that the night of the day of the molad has only Tikkun Leah even if it's not the day of [[Rosh Chodesh]] itself. For example, [[Rosh Chodesh]] Sivan 5770 falls out on Friday May 14th 2010 and the molad falls out on Thursday May 13th 2010. If the Molad and [[Rosh Chodesh]] coincide then there's no Tikkun Rachel because there's no [[Tachanun]] on [[Rosh Chodesh]]. </ref> and days of [[Sefirat HaOmer]]. <ref> Ben Ish Chai Vayishlach 5, Kaf HaChaim 1:11, and Halacha Brurah 1:9 </ref> | ||
# In the following cases no Tikkun Rachel is said: at a mourner's house, the house of a groom, and the father, Tzandak (holder of the baby), Mohel of a [[Brit Milah]]. <ref> Kaf HaChaim Palagi 3:35, Ben Ish Chai Vayishlach 5, Kaf HaChaim 1:11 </ref> | # In the following cases no Tikkun Rachel is said: at a mourner's house, the house of a groom, and the father, Tzandak (holder of the baby), Mohel of a [[Brit Milah]]. <ref> Kaf HaChaim Palagi 3:35, Ben Ish Chai Vayishlach 5, Kaf HaChaim 1:11 </ref> | ||
