3,231
edits
Three Weeks: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
no edit summary
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[Image:Destruction_temple.jpg|200px|right]] | [[Image:Destruction_temple.jpg|200px|right]] | ||
==When does the mourning period begin?== | ==When does the mourning period begin?== | ||
# The Ashkenazic minhag is to begin mourning from the fast of Shiva Asar BeTamuz. <ref> Rama 551:2 and 4</ref> There is a dispute whether the practices of mourning begin the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz (before the actual fast begins). <ref> Doleh UMashkeh (pg 208) quoting Rav Elashiv and Natai Gavriel (Ben HaMetzarim, vol 1, 14:5), the Chidah in Sh"t Chaim Sha’al 1:24 | # The Ashkenazic minhag is to begin mourning from the fast of Shiva Asar BeTamuz. <ref> Rama 551:2 and 4</ref> There is a dispute whether the practices of mourning begin the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz (before the actual fast begins). <ref> Doleh UMashkeh (pg 207-208) quoting Rav Elashiv and Natai Gavriel (Ben HaMetzarim, vol 1, 14:5), the Chidah in Sh"t Chaim Sha’al 1:24, Divrei Moshe 1:33, Rav Avraham M’butcatch OC 551:7, Orchot Rabbeinu 2:page 127:6, Shevet Halevi 8:168:7 and 10:81:2, Moadim Uzmanim 8:338, Kaf Hachaim 551:207, Moadei Yeshurun page 128:1, Tzitz Eliezer 10:26 are strict, while Sh"t Igrot Moshe 1:168, 3:100 (at the end), and 4:112(2) permits in cases of great need (such as performing a wedding on Motzei [[Shabbat]] the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz). Igrot Moshe 3:100 adds that since saying [[Shehecheyanu]] is a dispute there's no need to be strict not to say it the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz. Igrot Moshe 4:112(2) writes for great need one can be lenient to cut one's hair the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz. Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 writes that later Rav Moshe was asked about performing a wedding the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz and he advised doing the Chupah before Shekiyah. Shearim Metsiyunim BeHalacha 122:1 holds like that Igrot Moshe OC 1:168. Rav Elyashiv in Doleh U’maskhe page 208 footnote 557 says that in a pressing situation once can be lenient. Tzitz Eliezer 10:26 prohibited this, and he argues that according to some achronim the night of the 17th of tammuz is even stricter than the remainder of the three weeks. Rabbi Herschel Schachter Nefesh Harav page 196 quotes Rabbi Soloveitchik as being stringent as well. Kaf Hachayim 551:122 says that it begins from sunset unless one says arvit before that, in which case it would start when he says arvit. </ref> | ||
# If Shiva Asar BeTamuz falls out on [[Shabbat]] and is pushed off to Sunday, then everyone agrees that the practices of mourning begin the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz (Motzei [[Shabbat]]). <ref>Sh"t Igrot Moshe 3:100 (at the end) </ref> | # If Shiva Asar BeTamuz falls out on [[Shabbat]] and is pushed off to Sunday, then everyone agrees that the practices of mourning begin the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz (Motzei [[Shabbat]]). <ref> Sh"t Igrot Moshe 3:100 (at the end) </ref> | ||
==Buying new items== | ==Buying new items== | ||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
# If not cutting one's hair will cause great monetary loss, one is permitted to cut it during the three weeks but not during the nine days. If one will not lose money, even if the hair makes him uncomfortable he may not cut his hair. <ref> Iggerot Moshe OC 4:120 </ref> | # If not cutting one's hair will cause great monetary loss, one is permitted to cut it during the three weeks but not during the nine days. If one will not lose money, even if the hair makes him uncomfortable he may not cut his hair. <ref> Iggerot Moshe OC 4:120 </ref> | ||
# A child under the age of six is permitted to get a haircut. <ref> Iggerot Moshe YD 1:224 and Aruch Hashulchan 551:31. Mishna Berura 551:81 and Shaar Hatziyun 551:91 as well as the Chayei Adam 133:18 bring two reasons that children should be included based on the Terumat Hadeshen 142. One being chinuch, in which case it would only apply to older than six and the other being "agmat nefesh," meaning it makes people feel more pain to see children mourning, in which case it would apply to even children under 6. </ref> | # A child under the age of six is permitted to get a haircut. <ref> Iggerot Moshe YD 1:224 and Aruch Hashulchan 551:31. Mishna Berura 551:81 and Shaar Hatziyun 551:91 as well as the Chayei Adam 133:18 bring two reasons that children should be included based on the Terumat Hadeshen 142. One being chinuch, in which case it would only apply to older than six and the other being "agmat nefesh," meaning it makes people feel more pain to see children mourning, in which case it would apply to even children under 6. </ref> | ||
# It is permitted to comb and style the hair during the three weeks. <ref> Eliya Rabba 551:7, | # It is permitted to comb and style the hair during the three weeks. <ref> Eliya Rabba 551:7, Shaare Teshuva 551:12, Mishna Berura 551:20, Aruch Hashulchan 551:15 </ref> | ||
==Shaving== | ==Shaving== | ||
| Line 117: | Line 117: | ||
# If there is a danger such as that a wall may collapse one is allowed to rebuild it even if this causes joy. <ref> Mishna Berura 551:13 </ref> | # If there is a danger such as that a wall may collapse one is allowed to rebuild it even if this causes joy. <ref> Mishna Berura 551:13 </ref> | ||
== Miscellaneous == | == Miscellaneous == | ||
# During the three weeks one should refrain from going to dangerous places and should be even more careful during the nine days. <ref> Piskei | # During the three weeks one should refrain from going to dangerous places and should be even more careful during the nine days. <ref> Piskei Teshuvot 551:1, 46. also see [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=1682 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref> | ||
# One should not schedule surgery for during the 3 weeks, and certainly not during the 9 days, unless the doctor insists that it cannot be postponed. <ref> Piskei Teshuvot 551:1 </ref> | # One should not schedule surgery for during the 3 weeks, and certainly not during the 9 days, unless the doctor insists that it cannot be postponed. <ref> Piskei Teshuvot 551:1 </ref> | ||
# If a Jew has to have a lawsuit with a non-Jew, he should evade having it with him in Av, as this is a time of ill fortune for a Jew. <ref> S"A 551:1, Taanit 29b. Mishna Berura 551:2 based on the Magen Avraham 551:2 says that this applies throughout the month of av until rosh chodesh elul, but at the minimum until tisha b'av. This is the ruling of the Chayei Adam 133:9, Kitzur S"A 122:7. Ben Ish Chai Devarim Halacha 1 says one should preferably wait until the fifteenth of av but really one has to wait until the tenth. </ref> | # If a Jew has to have a lawsuit with a non-Jew, he should evade having it with him in Av, as this is a time of ill fortune for a Jew. <ref> S"A 551:1, Taanit 29b. Mishna Berura 551:2 based on the Magen Avraham 551:2 says that this applies throughout the month of av until rosh chodesh elul, but at the minimum until tisha b'av. This is the ruling of the Chayei Adam 133:9, Kitzur S"A 122:7. Ben Ish Chai Devarim Halacha 1 says one should preferably wait until the fifteenth of av but really one has to wait until the tenth. </ref> | ||
