Three Weeks: Difference between revisions
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→Buying New Things
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==Buying New Things== | ==Buying New Things== | ||
===Saying Shehecheyanu=== | |||
# One should refrain from making a [[Shehecheyanu]] during the Ben Hamitzarim. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 551:17 based on Maharil 31 writes that one should refrain from saying [[Shehecheyanu]] during Ben HaMeysarim. The Magen Avraham 551:42 explains that the reason not to make [[Shehecheyanu]] is because the three weeks is a time of tragedy for Klal Yisrael and it’s improper to have extra joy. However, the Gra s.v. VeNohagin understands the practice as based on [[Aveilut]] and therefore argues that this is only an extra chumra and one is allowed to make [[Shehecheyanu]] (just like a mourner can make a [[Shehecheyanu]] as in [[Brachot]] 59b). The Taz 551:17 agrees to be lenient based on the concern that perhaps if you don’t make the Bracha now you may not be able after the Ben HaMeysarim. Mishna Brurah 551:98 concludes that one shouldn’t be lenient except on [[Shabbat]]. Yalkut Yosef 551:12 rules like Shulchan Aruch that one should refrain from making [[Shehecheyanu]] during the three weeks. </ref> | |||
#One shouldn’t make a [[Shehecheyanu]] on the night of [[Shiva Asar BeTamuz]]. However, if there is a great need, there’s what to rely on. <ref>Sh”t Sh”t Chaim Shal 1:24, Kaf HaChaim 551:207, Sdei Chemed 5:page 277, Beiur Halacha 551:2 and Ikrei HaDaat O”C 27:9 write that one shouldn’t say [[Shehecheyanu]] on the night of [[Shiva Asar BeTamuz]]. However, Nechamat Yisrael (pg 40) permits in case of great need based on Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 1:168 (so is explicit in Sh”t Igrot Moshe O”C 3:100) and Mishnat Yacov (pg 168) permits [[Shehecheyanu]] at night even without any need. </ref> | |||
===On Shabbat=== | |||
# On [[Shabbat]] many poskim are lenient to allow one to recite [[Shehecheyanu]]. <ref>Sefer Chasidim 840, Mateh Moshe 697, Yosef Ometz 861, Magen Avraham 551:21,42, Chaye Adam 133:8, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 122:2, and Sh"t Yechave Daat 1:37 permit making [[Shehecheyanu]] on [[Shabbat]]. However, the Magen Avraham 551:42 quotes the Kitvei HaArizal who is machmir even on [[Shabbat]]. Mishna Brurah 551:98 concludes that one can be lenient regarding making [[Shehecheyanu]] on [[Shabbat]] since there’s some are lenient on [[shechiyanu]] during all of the three weeks and there’s some who specifically permit [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | |||
#On [[Shabbat]] Chazon one shouldn’t wear new clothes that would require [[Shehecheyanu]].<ref>Eliyah Rabba 551:17 in name of Madenei [[Yom Tov]] that one should not wear new clothes even on [[Shabbat]] during the Three Weeks because wearing new clothes has a special aspect of happiness (which is greater than eating a new fruit). This is also the opinion of the Derech HaChaim 551:6 and Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 122:2 not to wear new clothes all three weeks including [[Shabbat]]. However, Chaye Adam 133:14 and Aruch HaShulchan 551:38 writes that one can make [[Shehecheyanu]] before [[Rosh Chodesh]] Av, but afterwards one shouldn’t make [[Shehecheyanu]] even on [[Shabbat]]. Additionally, Mishna Brurah 551:45 writes that even those who are lenient to make [[Shehecheyanu]] on [[Shabbat]] during the Three Weeks will agree to be strict on [[Shabbat]] Chazon not to wear new clothes (which has a special element of happiness that a new fruit doesn’t have). Sh”t Yechave Daat 1:37 and Torat HaMoadim 5:7 concurs to the opinion of Mishna Brurah. </ref> There is also a minhag not to wear new clothing that don't require a [[Shehecheyanu]] specifically during the Nine Days.<ref>Rama 551:7, Mishna Brurah 551:9</ref> See further on the [[Nine Days#Buying Clothing|Nine Days]] page. | |||
===Bracha for a Baby=== | |||
#A person should recite a [[Shehecheyanu]] upon the birth of a baby boy or girl during the three weeks because that Bracha can't wait until after the three weeks.<ref>Nitei Gavriel 17:19, Avnei Yishpeh 5:80 based on Maharil 31 who says the restriction of saying [[shehecheyanu]] is only on a beracha that can wait until after. </ref> Similarly, at a [[Pidyon HaBen]] one should make a [[Shehecheyanu]] even during the three weeks. <ref>Nitei Gavriel 17:20 </ref> | |||
===Pidyon Haben=== | |||
#A [[shehecheyanu]] should be recited for the [[Pidyon Haben]] even during the Three Weeks. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 551:17, Moed Likol Chai 9:25 </ref> | |||
===Hatov Vihametiv=== | |||
#One may say the Bracha of HaTov VeHaMeitiv during the three weeks.<ref>Nitei Gavriel 17:22, Shaare [[Teshuvah]] 551:10, Moed Likol Chai 9:24, Machazik Beracha 551:10, Rav Chaim Kanievsky quoted in Nechamas Yisroel page 45:footnote 14, Rivevot Ephraim 4:135:2, 7:58, 234, Avnei Yushfe 5:81 quoting Rav Wosner, Ohr Litziyin 3:25:4 </ref> | |||
===Wearing New Clothing or Eating New Fruit=== | ===Wearing New Clothing or Eating New Fruit=== | ||
#During the Three Weeks, one should not wear any new clothes or eat a new fruit which would obligate one to make a [[Shehecheyanu]]. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 551:17 writes that it is good not to make a [[Shehecheyanu]] on a new fruit or new clothing during the Three Weeks. | #During the Three Weeks, one should not wear any new clothes or eat a new fruit which would obligate one to make a [[Shehecheyanu]]. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 551:17 writes that it is good not to make a [[Shehecheyanu]] on a new fruit or new clothing during the Three Weeks. | ||
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*Nonetheless, in light of Shulchan Aruch 551:17's ruling to avoid [[Shehecheyanu]], Mishna Brurah 551:99 writes that one shouldn't eat a new fruit or wear new clothing during the Three Weeks. Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taniyot p. 129) agrees.</ref> | *Nonetheless, in light of Shulchan Aruch 551:17's ruling to avoid [[Shehecheyanu]], Mishna Brurah 551:99 writes that one shouldn't eat a new fruit or wear new clothing during the Three Weeks. Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taniyot p. 129) agrees.</ref> | ||
#During the [[Nine Days]] one should not buy new clothing.<ref>Rama 551:7 writes that buying new clothing is forbidden during the [[Nine Days]] just like fixing new clothing (which is discussed in the previous footnote). The Mishna Brurah 551:49 writes that it's forbidden to buy new clothes even if one will only wear them after [[Tisha BeAv]]. Kaf HaChaim 551:103 agrees.</ref> | #During the [[Nine Days]] one should not buy new clothing.<ref>Rama 551:7 writes that buying new clothing is forbidden during the [[Nine Days]] just like fixing new clothing (which is discussed in the previous footnote). The Mishna Brurah 551:49 writes that it's forbidden to buy new clothes even if one will only wear them after [[Tisha BeAv]]. Kaf HaChaim 551:103 agrees.</ref> | ||
# However, a pregnant woman or a sick person is permitted to eat new fruit. <ref>Mishna Brurah 551:99, Yalkut Yosef 551:13 </ref> | |||
===New Clothing=== | |||
#Knitting and needlecraft is prohibited during the [[Nine Days]]. <ref>Rav Shimon Eider Halachos of the Three Weeks page 11. </ref> Repairing a torn garment is permitted <ref>Iggerot Moshe, OC 3:79. </ref> | #Knitting and needlecraft is prohibited during the [[Nine Days]]. <ref>Rav Shimon Eider Halachos of the Three Weeks page 11. </ref> Repairing a torn garment is permitted <ref>Iggerot Moshe, OC 3:79. </ref> | ||
#If one doesn't have non-leather shoes for [[Tisha BeAv]] and one forgot to buy, one may buy them in the [[Nine Days]]. <ref>Sh"t Halachot Ketanot 1:139, Zeh HaShulchan (vol 2, Siman 551), Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein Iggerot Moshe 3:80 </ref> | #If one doesn't have non-leather shoes for [[Tisha BeAv]] and one forgot to buy, one may buy them in the [[Nine Days]]. <ref>Sh"t Halachot Ketanot 1:139, Zeh HaShulchan (vol 2, Siman 551), Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein Iggerot Moshe 3:80 </ref> | ||
===Sales=== | ===Sales=== | ||
#If there is a sale and one will be unable to purchase the same clothing after [[Tisha BeAv]] at the sale price, one may buy the item during the [[Nine days]], but may not wear the clothing until after [[Tisha BeAv]]. <ref>Sh"t Kinyan Torah 1:109 quoted in Piskei Tshuvos 551:27 </ref> | #If there is a sale and one will be unable to purchase the same clothing after [[Tisha BeAv]] at the sale price, one may buy the item during the [[Nine days]], but may not wear the clothing until after [[Tisha BeAv]]. <ref>Sh"t Kinyan Torah 1:109 quoted in Piskei Tshuvos 551:27 </ref> | ||
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#If one doesn't have [[Tefillin]] or one has the opportunity to buy nicer [[Tefillin]] it's permissible to buy them after [[Rosh Chodesh]] Av. <ref>Zeh HaShulchan (vol 1, Siman 551), Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein Iggerot Moshe OC 3:80 </ref> | #If one doesn't have [[Tefillin]] or one has the opportunity to buy nicer [[Tefillin]] it's permissible to buy them after [[Rosh Chodesh]] Av. <ref>Zeh HaShulchan (vol 1, Siman 551), Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein Iggerot Moshe OC 3:80 </ref> | ||
#One should refrain from buying [[Tzitzit]] or a [[Tallit]] during the three weeks. <ref>Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein writes that one should refrain from buying [[Tzitzis]] or a Talis. Similarly, Or LeArba Asar (pg 81) writes that one should buy and wear it (and make [[Shehecheyanu]]) before the three weeks, however, after the fact if one didn't and one doesn't have as nice a pair one is permitted to wear it. Sh"t Birkat Reuven Shlomo 9:31 agrees. She'elat yaavetz 82 says that if your [[tzitzit]] become pasul and you don't have another, you may wear or even purchase a new one to fulfill the mitzva. </ref> | #One should refrain from buying [[Tzitzit]] or a [[Tallit]] during the three weeks. <ref>Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein writes that one should refrain from buying [[Tzitzis]] or a Talis. Similarly, Or LeArba Asar (pg 81) writes that one should buy and wear it (and make [[Shehecheyanu]]) before the three weeks, however, after the fact if one didn't and one doesn't have as nice a pair one is permitted to wear it. Sh"t Birkat Reuven Shlomo 9:31 agrees. She'elat yaavetz 82 says that if your [[tzitzit]] become pasul and you don't have another, you may wear or even purchase a new one to fulfill the mitzva. </ref> | ||
#One should not purchase a new talit gadol as this would require making a Shehecheyanu. However, one can purchase a new tallit katan since Shehecheyanu is not recited on those.<ref>Iggerot Moshe 3:80</ref> One may also purchase a tallit gadol if it doesn't have strings up until Rosh Chodesh Av.<ref>Moadei Yeshurun pg. 129:13b and pg. 152:34 in the name of Rav Moshe</ref> | |||
#One may purchase a pair of tefillin during the three weeks and even during the nine days.<ref>Iggerot Moshe 3:80</ref> | |||
===Cars=== | ===Cars=== | ||
#One should refrain from buying a car during the three weeks unless one is buying it primarily for business purposes (such as a truck).<ref>Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein </ref> | #One should refrain from buying a car during the three weeks unless one is buying it primarily for business purposes (such as a truck).<ref>Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein </ref> | ||
