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Three Weeks: Difference between revisions
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==Buying new items== | ==Buying new items== | ||
# During the Three Weeks, one should not | # During the Three Weeks, one should not wear any new clothes or eat a new fruit which would obligate one to make a Shehecheyanu. <ref>S"A 551:17 writes that it is good not to make a [[Shehecheyanu]] on a new fruit or new clothing during the Three Weeks. | ||
* The Bach 551 writes that because of avoiding situations which would obligate [[Shehecheyanu]] one shouldn't buy or wear new clothing during the Three Weeks. Kaf HaChaim 551:210 agrees. Mishna Brurah 551:99 | * The Sh"t Maharil 15 writes that one shouldn't make a Shehecheyanu on a new fruit or new clothing during the Three Weeks. S"A 551:17 codifies this as halacha saying that it is good not to say Shehecheyanu during the Three Weeks. Bach 551 (at the end) agrees and writes because of this one shouldn't eat a new fruit or wear new clothing. | ||
* The Bach 551 writes that because of avoiding situations which would obligate [[Shehecheyanu]] one shouldn't buy or wear new clothing during the Three Weeks. Kaf HaChaim 551:210 agrees. Mishna Brurah 551:99 writes that one shouldn't wear the new clothing. Although the Bear Mayim Chaim 7 writes that the only issue is not to make the bracha of [[Shehecheyanu]], however, one may eat a new fruit and just not make [[Shehecheyanu]], the Maamer Mordechai 551:14 rejects this idea and doesn't allow eating the new fruit. The Mishna Brurah 551:99 and Kaf HaChaim 551:207 agree with the Maamer Mordechai. | |||
# If one doesn't have non-leather shoes for Tisha BeAv and one forgot to buy, one may buy them | * The Rabbenu Shevet (quoted by the Mordechai Taanit 633) writes that one may not fix or wear new clothes during the week in which Tisha BeAv falls and adds that it is proper to be strict about this during the Nine Days. He bases this on the Yerushalmi (Pesachim 4:1) which says that it is a proper minhag not to sew from the beginning of Av. Bet Yosef 551:6 explains that although the Yerushalmi said not to sew during the Nine Days, that's only a minhag, however, there is only an actual prohibition during the week in which Tisha BeAv falls out. S"A 551:6 rules that it is forbidden to wear new clothes during the week in which Tisha BeAv falls out and the Rama adds that the Ashkenazic minhag is to be strict on this starting from Rosh Chodesh Av (during the entire Nine Days). The Magen Avraham 551:21 is bothered why there is another prohibition to wear new clothes (S"A 551:6) if one can't wear new clothes anyway because of avoiding making Shehecheyanu during the entire Three Weeks (S"A 551:17). See there where he gives 2 answers. The Kaf HaChaim 551:88 answers that avoiding Shehecheyanu is only considered preferable by S"A 551:17, while not wearing new clothes during the week during which Tisha BeAv falls out is an actual prohibition. | ||
* Nonetheless, in light of S"A 551:17's ruling to avoid Shehecheyanu, Mishna Brurah 551:99 writes that one shouldn't eat a new fruit or wear new clothing during the Three Weeks. Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taniyot p. 129) agrees.</ref> | |||
# During the Nine Days one should not buy new clothing.<ref>Rama 551:7 writes that buying new clothing is forbidden during the Nine Days just like fixing new clothing (which is discussed in the previous footnote). The Mishna Brurah 551:49 writes that it's forbidden to buy new clothes even if one will only wear them after Tisha BeAv. Kaf HaChaim 551:103 agrees.</ref> | |||
# If one doesn't have non-leather shoes for Tisha BeAv and one forgot to buy, one may buy them in the Nine Days. <ref>Sh"t Halachot Ketanot 1:139, Zeh HaShulchan (vol 2, Siman 551), Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein Iggerot Moshe 3:80 </ref> | |||
# If one doesn't have Tefillin or one has the opportunity to buy nicer Tefillin it's permissible to buy them after [[Rosh Chodesh]] Av. <ref> Zeh HaShulchan (vol 1, Siman 551), Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein Iggerot Moshe OC 3:80 </ref> | # If one doesn't have Tefillin or one has the opportunity to buy nicer Tefillin it's permissible to buy them after [[Rosh Chodesh]] Av. <ref> Zeh HaShulchan (vol 1, Siman 551), Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein Iggerot Moshe OC 3:80 </ref> | ||
# One should refrain from buying Tzitzit or a Talit during the three weeks. <ref>Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein writes that one should refrain from buying Tzitzis or a Talis. Similarly, Or LeArba Asar (pg 81) writes that one should buy and wear it (and make Shehecheyanu) before the three weeks, however, after the fact if one didn't and one doesn't have as nice a pair one is permitted to wear it. Sh"T Birkat Reuven Shlomo 9:31 agrees. She'elat yaavetz 82 says that if your tzitzit become pasul and you don't have another, you may wear or even purchase a new one to fulfill the mitzva. </ref> | # One should refrain from buying Tzitzit or a Talit during the three weeks. <ref>Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein writes that one should refrain from buying Tzitzis or a Talis. Similarly, Or LeArba Asar (pg 81) writes that one should buy and wear it (and make Shehecheyanu) before the three weeks, however, after the fact if one didn't and one doesn't have as nice a pair one is permitted to wear it. Sh"T Birkat Reuven Shlomo 9:31 agrees. She'elat yaavetz 82 says that if your tzitzit become pasul and you don't have another, you may wear or even purchase a new one to fulfill the mitzva. </ref> | ||
# One should refrain from buying a car during the three weeks unless one is buying it primarily for business purposes (such as a truck). <ref>Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein </ref> However, if one's entire family will use it (and benefit from it) one may buy it until [[Rosh Chodesh]] Av and make a bracha of HaTov VeHaMetiev instead of Shehecheyanu. <ref>Sh"t Igrot Moshe 3:80, Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375, Nitay Gavriel Page 51 </ref> | # One should refrain from buying a car during the three weeks unless one is buying it primarily for business purposes (such as a truck). <ref>Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375 in the name of Rav Moshe Feinstein </ref> However, if one's entire family will use it (and benefit from it) one may buy it until [[Rosh Chodesh]] Av and make a bracha of HaTov VeHaMetiev instead of Shehecheyanu. <ref>Sh"t Igrot Moshe 3:80, Sh"t Rivevot Efraim 1:375, Nitay Gavriel Page 51 </ref> | ||
# If there is a sale and one will be unable to purchase the same clothing after Tisha B'Av at the sale price, one may | # If there is a sale and one will be unable to purchase the same clothing after Tisha B'Av at the sale price, one may buy the item during the Nine days, but may not wear the clothing until after Tisha B'Av. <ref> Sh"t Kinyan Torah 1:109 quoted in Piskei Tshuvos 551:27 </ref> | ||
# Some poskim permit buying a closet or cabinet while other forbid it. <ref> Torat Hamoadim 5:16 says that buying closets or cabinets doesn't make one joyful and is therefore permitted but Iggerot Moshe 3:82 says a bookshelf does make people happy and is not allowed to be bought. </ref> | # Some poskim permit buying a closet or cabinet during the Nine Days, while other forbid it. <ref> Torat Hamoadim 5:16 says that buying closets or cabinets doesn't make one joyful and is therefore permitted but Iggerot Moshe 3:82 says a bookshelf does make people happy and is not allowed to be bought. </ref> | ||
# Some poskim permit buying any necessary appliance, such as a refrigerator, washing machine, or bed, to replace one that broke during the Three Weeks. <ref> Piskei Teshuvot 551:11 | # Some poskim permit buying any necessary appliance, such as a refrigerator, washing machine, or bed, to replace one that broke during the Three Weeks. <ref> Piskei Teshuvot 551:11 </ref> | ||
==Weddings== | ==Weddings== | ||
# The Ashkenazic custom is not to get married during the three weeks. <ref> Rama 551:2 and Darchei Moshe 551:5 based on the Sefer Haminhagim, Chayei Adam 133:8, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 122:1, Hilchot UMinhagei Ben HaMetsarim (Rabbi Moshe Karp) 3:1 </ref> Among Sephardim, some have just the custom not to get married during the nine days (from [[Rosh Chodesh]] Av until Tisha BeAv) <ref> S"A 551:2, based on gemara Yevamot 43b, Yalkut Yosef (Moadim, 5748 edition, pg 554, Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taaniyot pg 140), Sh"t Yabia Omer OC 6:43 </ref> and some have the custom not to get married the entire three weeks. <ref> Ben Ish Chai Parashat Devarim Halacha 4 based on the Shyarei Knesset hegedola, Sdei Chemed 6 MarechestBein Hametzarim 1:10, [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=946 Rabbi Mansour on DailyHalacha.com] says that this is the Syrian minhag. </ref> It is permitted for an Ashkenazi to attend a sefardi wedding before Rosh Chodesh Av, and they may even dance at the wedding. <ref> Rivevot Ephraim 6:289, Or Litzion 3:25:1 with footnote 1, Teshuvot Vihanhagot 4:128, Nitai Gavriel 14:10:footnote 20. </ref> | # The Ashkenazic custom is not to get married during the three weeks. <ref> Rama 551:2 and Darchei Moshe 551:5 based on the Sefer Haminhagim, Chayei Adam 133:8, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 122:1, Hilchot UMinhagei Ben HaMetsarim (Rabbi Moshe Karp) 3:1 </ref> Among Sephardim, some have just the custom not to get married during the nine days (from [[Rosh Chodesh]] Av until Tisha BeAv) <ref> S"A 551:2, based on gemara Yevamot 43b, Yalkut Yosef (Moadim, 5748 edition, pg 554, Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taaniyot pg 140), Sh"t Yabia Omer OC 6:43 </ref> and some have the custom not to get married the entire three weeks. <ref> Ben Ish Chai Parashat Devarim Halacha 4 based on the Shyarei Knesset hegedola, Sdei Chemed 6 MarechestBein Hametzarim 1:10, [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=946 Rabbi Mansour on DailyHalacha.com] says that this is the Syrian minhag. </ref> It is permitted for an Ashkenazi to attend a sefardi wedding before Rosh Chodesh Av, and they may even dance at the wedding. <ref> Rivevot Ephraim 6:289, Or Litzion 3:25:1 with footnote 1, Teshuvot Vihanhagot 4:128, Nitai Gavriel 14:10:footnote 20. </ref> | ||
