The Meals of Shabbat: Difference between revisions
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# For the [[Shabbat]] meals one should have Lechem Mishna meaning that one needs to make [[Hamotzei]] over [[two loaves of bread]] on [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]] in commemoration of the double portion of Man that fell before [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]].<ref> S”A 274:1, Mishna Brurah 274:1. The poskim have a debate of whether this obligation is from the torah or the rabbis. The Taz OC 678:2, Chatam Sofer OC no. 46, and Aruch Hashulchan 274:1 all say it is from the torah while the Magen Avraham 254:23 says that it is only rabbinic. </ref> | # For the [[Shabbat]] meals one should have Lechem Mishna meaning that one needs to make [[Hamotzei]] over [[two loaves of bread]] on [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]] in commemoration of the double portion of Man that fell before [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]].<ref> S”A 274:1, Mishna Brurah 274:1. The poskim have a debate of whether this obligation is from the torah or the rabbis. The Taz OC 678:2, Chatam Sofer OC no. 46, and Aruch Hashulchan 274:1 all say it is from the torah while the Magen Avraham 254:23 says that it is only rabbinic. </ref> | ||
# Women are also obligated in [[Lechem Mishneh]].<Ref>Meiri [[Shabbat]] 118a writes that women are obligated in [[Lechem Mishneh]] just as they are obligated in other mitzvot of [[Shabbat]] such as the meals of [[Shabbat]], [[Kiddish]], and [[Havdalah]]. Mishna Brurah 274:1 rules that women are obligated in [[Lechem Mishneh]] based on the reasoning that they too enjoyed from the miracle of the manna. Beiur Halacha 291 s.v. nashim, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 2, pg 172), and Aruch Hashulchan 274:4 agree. Shemirat Shabbat kihilchita 55:3 says that although this is the accepted opinion, Rav Shlomo Kluger in Haelef licha shlomo 114 writes that women don't have the custom to eat lechem mishne because it is a mitzva on the sanctity of [[shabbat]] which is a mitzvat aseh shehazman grama, and is not included in the source for their obligation in [[Kiddush]].</ref> Some say that the women should hear the Bracha from the one making [[HaMotzei]] on the two loaves, while others defend the minhag of those who don’t hear the [[HaMotzei]] and make [[HaMotzei]] on the piece given to them. <Ref> Sh”t Kinyan Torah 1:88 and Eshel Avraham (siman 274) defend the minhag, while Sh”t Bear Moshe quotes the Chatom Sofer who was insistent on having the women hear the Bracha of [[HaMotzei]] from the one making it over two loaves. </ref> | # Women are also obligated in [[Lechem Mishneh]].<Ref>Meiri [[Shabbat]] 118a writes that women are obligated in [[Lechem Mishneh]] just as they are obligated in other mitzvot of [[Shabbat]] such as the meals of [[Shabbat]], [[Kiddish]], and [[Havdalah]]. Mishna Brurah 274:1 rules that women are obligated in [[Lechem Mishneh]] based on the reasoning that they too enjoyed from the miracle of the manna. Beiur Halacha 291 s.v. nashim, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 2, pg 172), and Aruch Hashulchan 274:4 agree. Shemirat Shabbat kihilchita 55:3 says that although this is the accepted opinion, Rav Shlomo Kluger in Haelef licha shlomo 114 writes that women don't have the custom to eat lechem mishne because it is a mitzva on the sanctity of [[shabbat]] which is a [[mitzvat aseh shehazman grama]], and is not included in the source for their obligation in [[Kiddush]].</ref> Some say that the women should hear the Bracha from the one making [[HaMotzei]] on the two loaves, while others defend the minhag of those who don’t hear the [[HaMotzei]] and make [[HaMotzei]] on the piece given to them. <Ref> Sh”t Kinyan Torah 1:88 and Eshel Avraham (siman 274) defend the minhag, while Sh”t Bear Moshe quotes the Chatom Sofer who was insistent on having the women hear the Bracha of [[HaMotzei]] from the one making it over two loaves. </ref> | ||
# Kabbalistically, one should try to have 12 loaves of bread corresponding to the Lechem HaPanim for the meals of Shabbat. If one can't, one should try to have at least 4 loaves and if one has 5 or 6, one should take 4 and leave the others out. Similarly, if one only has 3 loaves, one should use 2 loaves and leave the third one out. <ref>Kaf HaChaim 262:2-3</ref> Some say that there's no need to have 12 loaves but one should cut both loaves at each meal and end up with 12 half loaves from the 3 meals and 2 loaves at each meal.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/895273/rabbi-hershel-schachter/berachos-76-39ab-ground-vegetables-binding-flour-soups-treifah-chozeres-lehechsherah-sliced-bread-lechem-mishneh/ Rav Schachter (Brachot Shiur 76 min 44)] quoting the Gra</ref> | # Kabbalistically, one should try to have 12 loaves of bread corresponding to the Lechem HaPanim for the meals of Shabbat. If one can't, one should try to have at least 4 loaves and if one has 5 or 6, one should take 4 and leave the others out. Similarly, if one only has 3 loaves, one should use 2 loaves and leave the third one out. <ref>Kaf HaChaim 262:2-3</ref> Some say that there's no need to have 12 loaves but one should cut both loaves at each meal and end up with 12 half loaves from the 3 meals and 2 loaves at each meal.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/895273/rabbi-hershel-schachter/berachos-76-39ab-ground-vegetables-binding-flour-soups-treifah-chozeres-lehechsherah-sliced-bread-lechem-mishneh/ Rav Schachter (Brachot Shiur 76 min 44)] quoting the Gra</ref> | ||
# One should wait for everyone to sit before reciting [[Hamotzei]] in order to fulfill Lechem Mishna.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 2, pg 172)</ref> | # One should wait for everyone to sit before reciting [[Hamotzei]] in order to fulfill Lechem Mishna.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 2, pg 172)</ref> | ||
