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The Meals of Shabbat: Difference between revisions
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# Some say that one should hold both loaves even while one is breaking or cutting the first loaf. Others say that one may put one of them down and then break the other.<ref>Kaf HaChaim 274:12 writes that one should continue to hold both loaves of bread while one breaks the first loaf. Shulchan Aruch HaRav 274:2 argues that one may place one of them down after the bracha and then break the other loaf. Chazon Ovadyah (v. 2, p. 170) agrees but adds that one who follows the Kaf HaChaim should be blessed. </ref> | # Some say that one should hold both loaves even while one is breaking or cutting the first loaf. Others say that one may put one of them down and then break the other.<ref>Kaf HaChaim 274:12 writes that one should continue to hold both loaves of bread while one breaks the first loaf. Shulchan Aruch HaRav 274:2 argues that one may place one of them down after the bracha and then break the other loaf. Chazon Ovadyah (v. 2, p. 170) agrees but adds that one who follows the Kaf HaChaim should be blessed. </ref> | ||
# The loaves should be at least the size of a Kezayit.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 2:55:5, Chazon Ovadia (v. 2 p. 187). Chazon Ovadia cites the Chikrei Lev YD 1:57 who wrote that the breads for lechem mishneh need to be at least a kezayit but the Bet Menucha 51a argues a loaf any size is fine. Kaf Hachaim Palagi 36:44 sided with the Chikrei Lev since the Lechem Mishneh corresponds to the meals of the maan and it says eating with respect to the maan (Shemot 16:25), which implies the size of eating which is a kezayit.</ref> | # The loaves should be at least the size of a Kezayit.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 2:55:5, Chazon Ovadia (v. 2 p. 187). Chazon Ovadia cites the Chikrei Lev YD 1:57 who wrote that the breads for lechem mishneh need to be at least a kezayit but the Bet Menucha 51a argues a loaf any size is fine. Kaf Hachaim Palagi 36:44 sided with the Chikrei Lev since the Lechem Mishneh corresponds to the meals of the maan and it says eating with respect to the maan (Shemot 16:25), which implies the size of eating which is a kezayit.</ref> | ||
# Even if one has more than three meals on a given shabbat, each one should have two loaves of bread. <ref> Ach Tov VaHessed, 5783, Page 105 </ref> | |||
==Procedure== | ==Procedure== | ||
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# If two pieces of bread stuck together in the oven and then were separated gently each one is considered whole for the mitzvah of Lechem Mishna. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, pg 176). </ref> | # If two pieces of bread stuck together in the oven and then were separated gently each one is considered whole for the mitzvah of Lechem Mishna. <ref>Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, pg 176). </ref> | ||
# The challahs used should preferably be larger than a [[Kezayit]].<ref> Shemirat Shabbat Kihilchita vol. 2, 55:5, Rav Scheinberg quoted in The Radiance of [[Shabbos]] page 79 footnote 15. </ref> | # The challahs used should preferably be larger than a [[Kezayit]].<ref> Shemirat Shabbat Kihilchita vol. 2, 55:5, Rav Scheinberg quoted in The Radiance of [[Shabbos]] page 79 footnote 15. </ref> | ||
# If one only has one loaf of bread one may use [[Pas habah BeKisnin]] for the second loaf to fulfill Lechem Mishna.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, pg 185), Shemirat Shabbat Kihilchita volume 2, 55:16 and Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in The Radiance of [[Shabbos]] page 78 footnote 13. </ref> | # If one only has one loaf of bread one may use [[Pas habah BeKisnin]] for the second loaf to fulfill Lechem Mishna.<ref>Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, pg 185), Shemirat Shabbat Kihilchita volume 2, 55:16 and Rav Moshe Feinstein quoted in The Radiance of [[Shabbos]] page 78 footnote 13. </ref> If you're going to be koveh seuda and recite hamotzei on the pas haba bekisnin you can use it for lechem mishna even initially.<ref>Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 55:16</ref> | ||
# Preferably pas yisrael should be used, meaning bread that was baked by a Jew, but if this isn't possible then any kosher bread can be used. <ref> Mishna Brurah 242:6. </ref> | # Preferably pas yisrael should be used, meaning bread that was baked by a Jew, but if this isn't possible then any kosher bread can be used. <ref> Mishna Brurah 242:6. </ref> | ||
#If one doesn't have even one whole loaf, it is still preferable to use two slices than just one.<ref> Aruch Hashulchan 274:5 and the HaNetziv in Meishiv Davar 1:21 and the reasoning being that the obligation for lechem mishne and whole bread are two separate ones. </ref> | #If one doesn't have even one whole loaf, it is still preferable to use two slices than just one.<ref> Aruch Hashulchan 274:5 and the HaNetziv in Meishiv Davar 1:21 and the reasoning being that the obligation for lechem mishne and whole bread are two separate ones. </ref> | ||
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==Which Challah to break== | ==Which Challah to break== | ||
# On Friday night, one should cut the lower of the two loaves. On [[Shabbat]] morning and [[Yom Tov]] night and morning one should cut the upper of the two loaves. <Ref> | # On Friday night, one should cut the lower of the two loaves. On [[Shabbat]] morning and [[Yom Tov]] night and morning one should cut the upper of the two loaves.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch and Rama O.C. 274:1 </ref> | ||
==Who Should Cut the Challah?== | |||
# The host should cut the challah. If there is no host, the kohen should cut the challah. If they would like to honor someone besides the kohen, they should ask permission from the kohen and then cut the challah.<ref>Mishna Brurah 167:75</ref> | |||
==If started a meal Friday afternoon== | ==If started a meal Friday afternoon== | ||
# If one started a meal during Friday afternoon (before 9 hours) and now [[Shekiah]] comes, one should cover the bread, make [[Kiddish]], and then finish the meal. <ref> S”A 271:4 based on Shmuel’s opinion on Pesachim 100a </ref> | # If one started a meal during Friday afternoon (before 9 hours) and now [[Shekiah]] comes, one should cover the bread, make [[Kiddish]], and then finish the meal. <ref> S”A 271:4 based on Shmuel’s opinion on Pesachim 100a </ref> | ||
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# It's forbidden to taste anything before [[Kiddish]].<ref> Rambam (Hilchot [[Shabbat]] 29:10) and Shulchan Aruch 289:1 rule that since there's an obligation to make [[Kiddish]] it's forbidden to eat anything before [[Kiddish]] just like the [[Kiddish]] of Friday night. </ref> This law also applies to women. <ref>Mishna Brurah 289:6 </ref> | # It's forbidden to taste anything before [[Kiddish]].<ref> Rambam (Hilchot [[Shabbat]] 29:10) and Shulchan Aruch 289:1 rule that since there's an obligation to make [[Kiddish]] it's forbidden to eat anything before [[Kiddish]] just like the [[Kiddish]] of Friday night. </ref> This law also applies to women. <ref>Mishna Brurah 289:6 </ref> | ||
# It's permissible to drink water before [[Shacharit]] on [[Shabbat]] day since the obligation of [[Kiddish]] doesn't apply until one prayed. <ref> Tur writes in the name of his father, the Rosh, and Shulchan Aruch O.C. 289:1 </ref> | # It's permissible to drink water before [[Shacharit]] on [[Shabbat]] day since the obligation of [[Kiddish]] doesn't apply until one prayed. <ref> Tur writes in the name of his father, the Rosh, and Shulchan Aruch O.C. 289:1 </ref> | ||
==Eating between Kiddush and HaMotzi== | |||
# Blessings on food between kiddush and hamotzi are permissible as long as less than a kazayit is eaten. <ref> Hazon Ovadia, Pages 12-13. </ref> | |||
==Kiddish in the place of a meal== | ==Kiddish in the place of a meal== | ||
# [[Kiddush]] of the day must also be made in the place of a meal.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 289:1 </ref> | # [[Kiddush]] of the day must also be made in the place of a meal.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C. 289:1 </ref> | ||
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<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Shabbat]] | [[Category:Shabbat]] | ||
{{Shabbat Table}} | |||
