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Tefillin: Difference between revisions
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== Arrangement of Paragaphs == | == Arrangement of Paragaphs == | ||
# There is much discussion among the Rishonim (early authorities) about the order in which the biblical passages should be written in the arm and head tefillin. The rabbis most famous for this dispute were Rashi and his grandson Rabbeinu Tam. Rashi held that the order is: Kadesh Li (Shemot 13:1-10), VeHaya Ki Yeviehcha (Shemot 13:11-16), Shema (Devarim 6:4-9), VeHaya Im Shemoa (Devarim 11:13-21). Rabbenu Tam held that the last two passages were switched (thus making the following order Kadesh Li, VeHaya Ki Yeviehcha, VeHaya Im Shemoa, Shema). The custom of the world is to follow Rashi's opinion. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 34:1, Halacha Brurah 34:1 </ref> | # There is much discussion among the Rishonim (early authorities) about the order in which the biblical passages should be written in the arm and head tefillin. The rabbis most famous for this dispute were Rashi and his grandson Rabbeinu Tam. Rashi held that the order is: Kadesh Li (Shemot 13:1-10), VeHaya Ki Yeviehcha (Shemot 13:11-16), Shema (Devarim 6:4-9), VeHaya Im Shemoa (Devarim 11:13-21). Rabbenu Tam held that the last two passages were switched (thus making the following order Kadesh Li, VeHaya Ki Yeviehcha, VeHaya Im Shemoa, Shema). The custom of the world is to follow Rashi's opinion. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 34:1, Halacha Brurah 34:1, Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 10, miscellaneous laws (of tefilin), seif 2 </ref> | ||
# However, pious individuals have the practice of wearing both Tefillin of Rashi and Rabbenu Tam, with no beracha when putting on the Rabbeinu Tam. <ref> S"A 34:2-3 rules that that the especially pious should wear both sets, but added that only one commonly known to be especially pious may do so, so as not to appear as arrogant in one's piety. However, Halacha Brurah (Rabbi David Yosef, 34:1) writes that since it has become the practice of many common people to wear both Tefillin of Rashi and Rabbenu Tam it's not considered an issue of arrogance to wear both pairs of Tefillin. Sh"t Yabia Omer OC 3:4 writes that if one has this stringency he should remove the Rashi and place the Rabbeinu Tam before the kedusha of uva litzion. </ref> | # However, pious individuals have the practice of wearing both Tefillin of Rashi and Rabbenu Tam, with no beracha when putting on the Rabbeinu Tam. <ref> S"A 34:2-3 rules that that the especially pious should wear both sets, but added that only one commonly known to be especially pious may do so, so as not to appear as arrogant in one's piety. However, Halacha Brurah (Rabbi David Yosef, 34:1) writes that since it has become the practice of many common people to wear both Tefillin of Rashi and Rabbenu Tam it's not considered an issue of arrogance to wear both pairs of Tefillin. Sh"t Yabia Omer OC 3:4 writes that if one has this stringency he should remove the Rashi and place the Rabbeinu Tam before the kedusha of uva litzion. </ref> | ||
# Unmarried individuals should not wear Tefillin of Rabbenu Tam unless they know that they are capable of having pure thoughts for as long as the one wears Tefillin. <ref>Halacha Brurah 34:2. Chacham Ben-zion Abba Shaul Sh"t Or Litzion 2:13:11 also writes that sephardim should only wear Rabbeinu Tam tefillin after marriage. </ref> | # Unmarried individuals should not wear Tefillin of Rabbenu Tam unless they know that they are capable of having pure thoughts for as long as the one wears Tefillin. <ref>Halacha Brurah 34:2. Chacham Ben-zion Abba Shaul Sh"t Or Litzion 2:13:11 also writes that sephardim should only wear Rabbeinu Tam tefillin after marriage. </ref> | ||
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==Halachot of the Boxes (Batim)== | ==Halachot of the Boxes (Batim)== | ||
# The | # The boxes should be black. <ref> S"A 33:3, Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 10, miscellaneous laws (of tefilin), seif 12 </ref> | ||
# The tefllin boxes must be square. <ref> S"A 32:39 </ref> | # The tefllin boxes must be square. <ref> S"A 32:39 </ref> | ||
# In normal circumstances, a sephardi doesn't fulfill his obligation with tefillin written according to minhag ashkenaz. If there is no choice, a halachic authority should be contacted. <ref> Halacha Berura 32:148 </ref> | # In normal circumstances, a sephardi doesn't fulfill his obligation with tefillin written according to minhag ashkenaz. If there is no choice, a halachic authority should be contacted. <ref> Halacha Berura 32:148 </ref> | ||
== Halachot for the Scribe == | == Halachot for the Scribe == | ||
# The passages must be written in order the of the Torah (Kadesh, VeHaya Ki Yiviyecha, Shema, and then VeHaya Im Shamoa). <ref> S"A 32:1 </ref> It is preferable to write the passages for the arm Tefillin before writing the passages for the head Tefillin. <ref>Rama 32:1 </ref> | # The passages must be written in order the of the Torah (Kadesh, VeHaya Ki Yiviyecha, Shema, and then VeHaya Im Shamoa). <ref> S"A 32:1 </ref> It is preferable to write the passages for the arm Tefillin before writing the passages for the head Tefillin. <ref>Rama 32:1, Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 10, miscellaneous laws (of tefilin), seif 2 </ref> | ||
# Those in the head Tefillin are written on four separate pieces of parchment, while those in the arm Tefilin are written on one piece of parchment. <ref> S"A 32:2</ref> | # Those in the head Tefillin are written on four separate pieces of parchment, while those in the arm Tefilin are written on one piece of parchment. <ref> S"A 32:2</ref> | ||
# The parchment must be made from the skin of a kosher type of animal or bird. <ref> S"A 32:12 </ref> | # The parchment must be made from the skin of a kosher type of animal or bird. Even if the animal is taref, it is permitted to use as long as the animal is kosher. <ref> S"A 32:12, Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 10, miscellaneous laws (of tefilin), seif 6 </ref> | ||
# The passages must be written with intent that they it should be written for the Kedusha of Tefillin. <ref>S"A 32:19 </ref> | # The passages must be written with intent that they it should be written for the Kedusha of Tefillin. <ref>S"A 32:19 </ref> | ||
# Before and while writing the passages for the tefilin the sofer should say "I am writing for the sake of the holiness fo tefilin." <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 10, miscellaneous laws (of tefilin), seif 7 </ref> | |||
# The passages must be written with one's right hand if one is a right-handed or ambidextrous, however, a left-handed person must write the passages with his left hand. <ref>S"A 32:5. See Mishna Brurah 32:18 who quotes the Pri Megadim that preferably one shouldn't have a sofer who writes with the right hand and does other activities with the left hand or the opposite. </ref> | # The passages must be written with one's right hand if one is a right-handed or ambidextrous, however, a left-handed person must write the passages with his left hand. <ref>S"A 32:5. See Mishna Brurah 32:18 who quotes the Pri Megadim that preferably one shouldn't have a sofer who writes with the right hand and does other activities with the left hand or the opposite. </ref> | ||
# The passages must be written with black ink. <ref>S"A 32:3 </ref> | # The passages must be written with black ink. <ref>S"A 32:3 </ref> | ||
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# The passages for Tefillin must be written by a literate religious adult male Jew. <ref> S"A 32:30 and S"A 39:1 </ref> | # The passages for Tefillin must be written by a literate religious adult male Jew. <ref> S"A 32:30 and S"A 39:1 </ref> | ||
# Tefillin written by a gentile or a Jew who doesn't believe in the entire torah and its divinity are not kosher. <ref> Rambam Hilchot Tefillin 1:13 </ref> | # Tefillin written by a gentile or a Jew who doesn't believe in the entire torah and its divinity are not kosher. <ref> Rambam Hilchot Tefillin 1:13 </ref> | ||
# The passages should be written on separate pieces of parchment for the tefilin shel rosh and on the same piece of parchment for the tefilin shel yad. <ref> Kitzur S"A of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 10, miscellaneous laws (of tefilin), seif 3 </ref> | |||
==Halachot of the Straps (Retzuot)== | ==Halachot of the Straps (Retzuot)== | ||
