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Tefillat HaDerech: Difference between revisions
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# One should preferably say it within the first 8000 [[Amot]] of the trip. <Ref>Rama 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:1 </ref>However, if one didn’t as long as there is 8000 [[Amot]] left in the trip one may say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>S”A 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7 </ref> | # One should preferably say it within the first 8000 [[Amot]] of the trip. <Ref>Rama 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:1 </ref>However, if one didn’t as long as there is 8000 [[Amot]] left in the trip one may say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>S”A 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7 </ref> | ||
# One shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech until one leaves the city and a bit more than 70 [[Amot]] from the city. <Ref>S”A 110:7 writes that one shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech until one is on the way. Mishna Brurah 110:29 adds that one shouldn’t say while one is in the extension of the city which is a bit more than 70 [[amot]]. </ref> If one made it while one was still in the city, after the fact, one fulfilled the obligation. <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:29 </ref> | # One shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech until one leaves the city and a bit more than 70 [[Amot]] from the city. <Ref>S”A 110:7 writes that one shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech until one is on the way. Mishna Brurah 110:29 adds that one shouldn’t say while one is in the extension of the city which is a bit more than 70 [[amot]]. </ref> If one made it while one was still in the city, after the fact, one fulfilled the obligation. <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:29 </ref> | ||
# Tefillat HaDerech should be said right after a Bracha such as a [[Bracha Achrona]] or [[Asher Yatzer]] so as to connect a Bracha beginning with Baruch to Tefillat HaDerech, if it’s impossible then one should make Tefillat HaDerech without any Bracha beforehand. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 110:28, Ishei Yisrael 50:5. Kitzur | # Tefillat HaDerech should be said right after a Bracha such as a [[Bracha Achrona]] or [[Asher Yatzer]] so as to connect a Bracha beginning with Baruch to Tefillat HaDerech, if it’s impossible then one should make Tefillat HaDerech without any Bracha beforehand. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 110:28, Ishei Yisrael 50:5. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:3 writes that if you are traveling before [[prayers]], then you should ideally recite it after the beracha of "[[gomel]] chasadim tovim liamo yisrael." </ref> | ||
# One who needs to travel on [[Shabbat]] for a medical emergency should say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>[[Tefillah]] KeHilchata 27:30 based on Sh”t Besel haChachma 5:41 </ref> | # One who needs to travel on [[Shabbat]] for a medical emergency should say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>[[Tefillah]] KeHilchata 27:30 based on Sh”t Besel haChachma 5:41 </ref> | ||
==How it should be said== | ==How it should be said== | ||
# It’s proper to stand still when saying Tefillat HaDerech, however, if one is unable to one may say it while walking. <Ref>In Gemara [[Brachot]] 30a Rav Sheshet says that one may say it walking while Rav Chisda says one should say it only standing. The Rif ([[Brachot]] 20b) rules that it’s preferable to follow Rav Chisda. This is also the ruling of Rosh 4:18, Tur, S”A 110:4 </ref> | # It’s proper to stand still when saying Tefillat HaDerech, however, if one is unable to one may say it while walking. <Ref>In Gemara [[Brachot]] 30a Rav Sheshet says that one may say it walking while Rav Chisda says one should say it only standing. The Rif ([[Brachot]] 20b) rules that it’s preferable to follow Rav Chisda. This is also the ruling of Rosh 4:18, Tur, S”A 110:4 </ref> | ||
# If one is on a bus or train (or public transportation) and one is able to stand to say Tefillat HaDerech one should do so, otherwise one may say it seated. <Ref> In Gemara [[Brachot]] 30a Rav Sheshet says that one may say it walking while Rav Chisda says one should say it only standing. The Rif ([[Brachot]] 20b) rules that it’s preferable to follow Rav Chisda. This is also the ruling of Rosh 4:18, Tur and S”A 110:4. Mishna Brurah 110:22 writes that if one if standing still will cause one not to be able to have concentration one may say it while walking or seated. Halacha Brurah 110:11, Ishei Yisrael 50:2, Kitzur | # If one is on a bus or train (or public transportation) and one is able to stand to say Tefillat HaDerech one should do so, otherwise one may say it seated. <Ref> In Gemara [[Brachot]] 30a Rav Sheshet says that one may say it walking while Rav Chisda says one should say it only standing. The Rif ([[Brachot]] 20b) rules that it’s preferable to follow Rav Chisda. This is also the ruling of Rosh 4:18, Tur and S”A 110:4. Mishna Brurah 110:22 writes that if one if standing still will cause one not to be able to have concentration one may say it while walking or seated. Halacha Brurah 110:11, Ishei Yisrael 50:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:4. [[Tefillah]] KeHilchata 27:27 rule similarly. </ref> | ||
# It’s preferable to stop the car to make the Bracha, however, if it’s dangerous or it will disturb one’s concentration if one stops, one may say it while traveling. <Ref>S”A 110:4, Mishna Brurah 110:22, 23, Halacha Brurah 110:11 </ref> Some say that because of lack of safety in saying Tefillat HaDerech while driving and lack of kavana (proper intent) one may say it in the Shomeh [[Tefillah]] of the [[Shemoneh Esrei]] prior to leaving. <Ref>[[Tefillah]] KeHilchata (chap 27 note 80) in name of Rav Scheinberg says that if one will not be able to stop and one may can’t say it while driving because of safety and lack of kavana one should say it in the Shomeh [[Tefillah]] of the [[Shemoneh Esrei]] prior to leaving. </ref> | # It’s preferable to stop the car to make the Bracha, however, if it’s dangerous or it will disturb one’s concentration if one stops, one may say it while traveling. <Ref>S”A 110:4, Mishna Brurah 110:22, 23, Halacha Brurah 110:11 </ref> Some say that because of lack of safety in saying Tefillat HaDerech while driving and lack of kavana (proper intent) one may say it in the Shomeh [[Tefillah]] of the [[Shemoneh Esrei]] prior to leaving. <Ref>[[Tefillah]] KeHilchata (chap 27 note 80) in name of Rav Scheinberg says that if one will not be able to stop and one may can’t say it while driving because of safety and lack of kavana one should say it in the Shomeh [[Tefillah]] of the [[Shemoneh Esrei]] prior to leaving. </ref> | ||
# It’s preferable that each person say it themselves but the strict law permits one to say it and others to fulfill their obligation. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:3 </ref> | # It’s preferable that each person say it themselves but the strict law permits one to say it and others to fulfill their obligation. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:3 </ref> | ||
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==How often is it said== | ==How often is it said== | ||
# Tefillat HaDerech covers one’s travels for the entire day and night until [[Olot HaShachar]] unless one had in mind to complete one’s travels and then changed one’s mind to travel. <Ref>S”A 110:5, Ishei Yisrael 50:3, Kitzur | # Tefillat HaDerech covers one’s travels for the entire day and night until [[Olot HaShachar]] unless one had in mind to complete one’s travels and then changed one’s mind to travel. <Ref>S”A 110:5, Ishei Yisrael 50:3, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:5 </ref> | ||
# If one continues to travel the next day another Tefillat HaDerech is needed unless one non-stopped traveled through the night (without stopping for a Shinat Kevah). <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:26 , Ishei Yisrael 50:4. See Kitzur | # If one continues to travel the next day another Tefillat HaDerech is needed unless one non-stopped traveled through the night (without stopping for a Shinat Kevah). <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:26 , Ishei Yisrael 50:4. See Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:5, who holds that if one embarks on a journey which lasts more than a day and night--and this includes if one sleeps on the journey in an unsettled place--one repeats the Tefillat Haderech each day, while concluding without a Beracha. </ref> | ||
==Halachos of Traveling== | ==Halachos of Traveling== | ||
# When traveling one should learn Torah but not learn Torah in depth so that one is not too distracted, however, if one riding in a carriage and someone else is leading the horses one may even learn in depth learning. <Ref>Magan Avraham 110:10 </ref> | # When traveling one should learn Torah but not learn Torah in depth so that one is not too distracted, however, if one riding in a carriage and someone else is leading the horses one may even learn in depth learning. <Ref>Magan Avraham 110:10 </ref> | ||
# When one departs from one’s friend one should leave him with a halacha. <Ref>Gemara [[Brachot]] 31a, Shaarei [[Teshuva]] 110:6 </ref> | # When one departs from one’s friend one should leave him with a halacha. <Ref>Gemara [[Brachot]] 31a, Shaarei [[Teshuva]] 110:6 </ref> | ||
# When one departs from a friend one should say “לך לשלום” (go in peace) and not לך בשלום. <Ref>The Gemara [[Brachot]] 64a notes that Dovid HaMelech told Avshalom, "לך בשלום", and he eventually died, hung on a tree from his hair; Yitro told Moshe, "לך לשלום", and he succeeded. The Gemara concludes that when one parts from a friend one should say “לך לשלום” and not "לך בשלום". This is codified as halacha by the Mishna Brurah 110:17 and Kitzur | # When one departs from a friend one should say “לך לשלום” (go in peace) and not לך בשלום. <Ref>The Gemara [[Brachot]] 64a notes that Dovid HaMelech told Avshalom, "לך בשלום", and he eventually died, hung on a tree from his hair; Yitro told Moshe, "לך לשלום", and he succeeded. The Gemara concludes that when one parts from a friend one should say “לך לשלום” and not "לך בשלום". This is codified as halacha by the Mishna Brurah 110:17 and Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:6.</ref> | ||
# One should give [[Tzedaka]] before departing <ref> Kitzur | # One should give [[Tzedaka]] before departing <ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:6. The Passuk in Tehillim 85:14 says: צֶ֭דֶק לְפָנָ֣יו יְהַלֵּ֑ךְ וְיָשֵׂ֖ם לְדֶ֣רֶךְ פְּעָמָֽיו. </ref>. | ||
# One should try to have several people escort him during the beginning of his journey; the person who is escorting him must stay in place until the person is out of sight <ref> Kitzur | # One should try to have several people escort him during the beginning of his journey; the person who is escorting him must stay in place until the person is out of sight <ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:6 </ref>. | ||
# One should say each day some Tehillim with intent and humility. One should bring bread with him, even if he isn't going far. One should take an extra pair of [[tzitzit]]. One shouldn't eat too much when he is traveling. <ref> Kitzur | # One should say each day some Tehillim with intent and humility. One should bring bread with him, even if he isn't going far. One should take an extra pair of [[tzitzit]]. One shouldn't eat too much when he is traveling. <ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:6 </ref> | ||
# There are Halachos related to saying a [[Shemoneh Esrei]] sitting. See [[Shemoneh_Esrei#Davening_sitting|Davening Sitting]]. | # There are Halachos related to saying a [[Shemoneh Esrei]] sitting. See [[Shemoneh_Esrei#Davening_sitting|Davening Sitting]]. | ||
