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Tefillat HaDerech: Difference between revisions
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==Obligation and text== | ==Obligation and text== | ||
# Someone who goes on a trip whether it’s by foot, car, train, or airplane should say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>S”A 110:7 writes that one only makes the Bracha for a distance of a parsa (which Mishna Brurah 110:31 explains is 8000 Amot). Mishna Brurah 110:30 writes that one should make the Bracha for riding a train. Piskei Teshuvot 110:2 writes that one makes the Bracha for travel by car, train, boat, or airplane. Ishei Yisrael 50:2 writes that whether one is walking or driving one makes the Bracha. Ishei Yisrael 50:1 quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman saying that one who’s traveling by car can add the phrase “VeTatsileynu MeTeunot Derachim” (may we be saved from a car accident). </ref> | # Someone who goes on a trip whether it’s by foot, car, train, or airplane should say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>S”A 110:7 writes that one only makes the Bracha for a distance of a parsa (which Mishna Brurah 110:31 explains is 8000 [[Amot]]). Mishna Brurah 110:30 writes that one should make the Bracha for riding a train. Piskei Teshuvot 110:2 writes that one makes the Bracha for travel by car, train, boat, or airplane. Ishei Yisrael 50:2 writes that whether one is walking or driving one makes the Bracha. Ishei Yisrael 50:1 quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman saying that one who’s traveling by car can add the phrase “VeTatsileynu MeTeunot Derachim” (may we be saved from a car accident). </ref> | ||
# One who travels on the path should say Tefillat HaDerech (prayer for traveling) with the following text:''יהי רצון מלפניך ה' אלהינו ואלהי אבותינו שתוליכנו לשלום, ותצעידנו לשלום, ותסמכנו לשלום, [ואם חוזר בו ביום יוסיף: ותחזירנו לשלום] ותצילנו מכף כל אויב ואורב בדרך, ותשלח ברכה במעשי ידינו, ותתננו לחן לחסד ולרחמים בעיניך ובעיני כל רואינו, [כי אתה שומע תפלות עמך ישראל ברחמים] ברוך אתה ה' שומע תפלה'' . <ref>Gemara Brachot 29b, S”A 110:4. Text from Yalkut Yosef (Tefillah vol 2, 110:2) </ref> | # One who travels on the path should say Tefillat HaDerech (prayer for traveling) with the following text:''יהי רצון מלפניך ה' אלהינו ואלהי אבותינו שתוליכנו לשלום, ותצעידנו לשלום, ותסמכנו לשלום, [ואם חוזר בו ביום יוסיף: ותחזירנו לשלום] ותצילנו מכף כל אויב ואורב בדרך, ותשלח ברכה במעשי ידינו, ותתננו לחן לחסד ולרחמים בעיניך ובעיני כל רואינו, [כי אתה שומע תפלות עמך ישראל ברחמים] ברוך אתה ה' שומע תפלה'' . <ref>Gemara Brachot 29b, S”A 110:4. Text from Yalkut Yosef (Tefillah vol 2, 110:2) </ref> | ||
==For what trips should one say Tefillat HaDerech?== | ==For what trips should one say Tefillat HaDerech?== | ||
# <div id="forwhichtrips"></div> Ashkenazim hold that anytime one travels a distance of 8000 Amot from one city to another city only if there’s no city within 16,000 [[amot]] along the path one is traveling. If there’s a continuous line of cities along the way within 16,000 Amot from the city where one departed one should say Tefillat HaDerech without Hashem’s name in the Bracha. <Ref>Biur Halacha 110:7 D”H VeEin says that if there’s a city with 8000 Amot along the way one shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech. Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah 21:7) writes that one is only obligated in Tefillat HaDerech if one travels in an area that there’s no city for 16,000 Amot. He adds that we calculate the trip by distance and not time. Tefillah KeHilchata 27:26 rules that in order to make the Bracha at the conclusion it must be a trip the distance of 4.7 km (based on the Chazon Ish’s measure of the Amah). </ref> | # <div id="forwhichtrips"></div> Ashkenazim hold that anytime one travels a distance of 8000 [[Amot]] from one city to another city only if there’s no city within 16,000 [[amot]] along the path one is traveling. If there’s a continuous line of cities along the way within 16,000 [[Amot]] from the city where one departed one should say Tefillat HaDerech without Hashem’s name in the Bracha. <Ref>Biur Halacha 110:7 D”H VeEin says that if there’s a city with 8000 [[Amot]] along the way one shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech. Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah 21:7) writes that one is only obligated in Tefillat HaDerech if one travels in an area that there’s no city for 16,000 [[Amot]]. He adds that we calculate the trip by distance and not time. Tefillah KeHilchata 27:26 rules that in order to make the Bracha at the conclusion it must be a trip the distance of 4.7 km (based on the Chazon Ish’s measure of the Amah). </ref> | ||
## The distance is measured according to the distance it takes to travel the roads even if the road isn’t straight and not according to the shortest most direct line. <Ref>Eshel Avraham MeButchach 110, Tehillat LeDavid 110:4, Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah, chap 21, note 7, pg 253), Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 </ref> | ## The distance is measured according to the distance it takes to travel the roads even if the road isn’t straight and not according to the shortest most direct line. <Ref>Eshel Avraham MeButchach 110, Tehillat LeDavid 110:4, Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah, chap 21, note 7, pg 253), Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 </ref> | ||
# Sephardim hold that if one travels in a car, train, boat, airplane or any other mode of transportation if one travels 72 minutes from one city to another city then one says Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Halacha Brurah 110:16 based on Sh”t Yabea Omer 1:13, 6:48(9) </ref> | # Sephardim hold that if one travels in a car, train, boat, airplane or any other mode of transportation if one travels 72 minutes from one city to another city then one says Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Halacha Brurah 110:16 based on Sh”t Yabea Omer 1:13, 6:48(9) </ref> | ||
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# According to Ashkenazim as long as the distance traveled is 3.84 kilometers then one should make the Bracha, however, according to Sephardim one should only make it for a travel of 72 minutes. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 writes that according to Rav Chaim Noeh the measurement is 3.84 km and according to the Chazon Ish 4.6km. Sh”t Yabea Omer 1:13 writes that Sephardim follow the time of it takes to walk a mil which is established to be 72 minutes. </ref> | # According to Ashkenazim as long as the distance traveled is 3.84 kilometers then one should make the Bracha, however, according to Sephardim one should only make it for a travel of 72 minutes. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 writes that according to Rav Chaim Noeh the measurement is 3.84 km and according to the Chazon Ish 4.6km. Sh”t Yabea Omer 1:13 writes that Sephardim follow the time of it takes to walk a mil which is established to be 72 minutes. </ref> | ||
==When should one say Tefillat HaDerech?== | ==When should one say Tefillat HaDerech?== | ||
# One should preferably say it within the first 8000 Amot of the trip. <Ref>Rama 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7 </ref>However, if one didn’t as long as there is 8000 Amot left in the trip one may say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>S”A 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7 </ref> | # One should preferably say it within the first 8000 [[Amot]] of the trip. <Ref>Rama 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7 </ref>However, if one didn’t as long as there is 8000 [[Amot]] left in the trip one may say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>S”A 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7 </ref> | ||
# One shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech until one leaves the city and a bit more than 70 Amot from the city. <Ref>S”A 110:7 writes that one shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech until one is on the way. Mishna Brurah 110:29 adds that one shouldn’t say while one is in the extension of the city which is a bit more than 70 amot. </ref> If one made it while one was still in the city, after the fact, one fulfilled the obligation. <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:29 </ref> | # One shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech until one leaves the city and a bit more than 70 [[Amot]] from the city. <Ref>S”A 110:7 writes that one shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech until one is on the way. Mishna Brurah 110:29 adds that one shouldn’t say while one is in the extension of the city which is a bit more than 70 amot. </ref> If one made it while one was still in the city, after the fact, one fulfilled the obligation. <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:29 </ref> | ||
# Tefillat HaDerech should be said right after a Bracha such as a Bracha Achrona or [[Asher Yatzer]] so as to connect a Bracha beginning with Baruch to Tefillat HaDerech, if it’s impossible then one should make Tefillat HaDerech without any Bracha beforehand. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 110:28, Ishei Yisrael 50:5. Kitzur S"A 68:3 writes that if you are traveling before prayers, then you should ideally recite it after the beracha of "gomel chasadim tovim liamo yisrael." </ref> | # Tefillat HaDerech should be said right after a Bracha such as a Bracha Achrona or [[Asher Yatzer]] so as to connect a Bracha beginning with Baruch to Tefillat HaDerech, if it’s impossible then one should make Tefillat HaDerech without any Bracha beforehand. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 110:28, Ishei Yisrael 50:5. Kitzur S"A 68:3 writes that if you are traveling before prayers, then you should ideally recite it after the beracha of "gomel chasadim tovim liamo yisrael." </ref> | ||
# One who needs to travel on [[Shabbat]] for a medical emergency should say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata 27:30 based on Sh”t Besel haChachma 5:41 </ref> | # One who needs to travel on [[Shabbat]] for a medical emergency should say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata 27:30 based on Sh”t Besel haChachma 5:41 </ref> | ||
