Tefillat HaDerech: Difference between revisions
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==What Kind of Trip Requires Tefillat HaDerech?== | ==What Kind of Trip Requires Tefillat HaDerech?== | ||
# <div id="forwhichtrips"></div> According to some poskim, one should recite Tefillat HaDerech only if one is nervous about the trip. <Ref>R' Joseph B. Soloveitchik, R' Hershel Schachter in [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/799793/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Daily_Halacha_Chabura_#21 Daily Halacha Chabura #21 (5:25)]. </ref> Other poskim maintain that one should recite it regardless of whether one is nervous. <Ref>R' Yaakov Kamenetsky, quoted by Rabbi Schachter [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/799793/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Daily_Halacha_Chabura_#21 Daily Halacha Chabura #21 (5:25)] </ref> | # <div id="forwhichtrips"></div> According to some poskim, one should recite Tefillat HaDerech only if one is nervous about the trip. <Ref>R' Joseph B. Soloveitchik, R' Hershel Schachter in [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/799793/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Daily_Halacha_Chabura_#21 Daily Halacha Chabura #21 (5:25)]. </ref> Other poskim maintain that one should recite it regardless of whether one is nervous. <Ref>R' Yaakov Kamenetsky, quoted by Rabbi Schachter [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/799793/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Daily_Halacha_Chabura_#21 Daily Halacha Chabura #21 (5:25)] </ref> | ||
#Ashkenazim hold that when one travels a distance of 8000 [[Amot]] from one city to another city, one recites Tefillat HaDerech only if there is no city within 16,000 [[Amot]] along the path one is traveling. If there is a continuous line of cities along the way within 16,000 [[Amot]] from the city where one departed one should say Tefillat HaDerech without reciting Hashem’s name in the bracha. <Ref>Beiur Halacha 110:7 s.v. VeEin says that if there is a city with 8000 [[Amot]] along the way one should not say Tefillat HaDerech. Halichot Shlomo ([[Tefillah]] 21:7) writes that one is only obligated in Tefillat HaDerech if one travels in an area in which there is no city for 16,000 [[Amot]]. He adds that we calculate the trip by distance and not time. Tefillah KeHilchata 27:26 rules that in order to make the bracha at the conclusion it must be a trip the distance of 4.7 km (based on the Chazon Ish’s measure of the [[Amah]]). </ref> | #Ashkenazim hold that when one travels a distance of 8000 [[Amot]] from one city to another city, one recites Tefillat HaDerech only if there is no city within 16,000 [[Amot]] along the path one is traveling. If there is a continuous line of cities along the way within 16,000 [[Amot]] from the city where one departed one should say Tefillat HaDerech without reciting Hashem’s name in the bracha. <Ref>Beiur Halacha 110:7 s.v. VeEin says that if there is a city with 8000 [[Amot]] along the way one should not say Tefillat HaDerech. Halichot Shlomo ([[Tefillah]] 21:7) writes that one is only obligated in Tefillat HaDerech if one travels in an area in which there is no city for 16,000 [[Amot]]. He adds that we calculate the trip by distance and not time. Tefillah KeHilchata 27:26 rules that in order to make the bracha at the conclusion it must be a trip the distance of 4.7 km (based on the Chazon Ish’s measure of the [[Amah]]).</ref> Some disagree that one should recite the bracha as long as the destination one travels is more than 16000 amot.<ref>Shevet Halevi 10:21:1 disagrees with the Biur Halacha and says that from the earlier poskim it seems that the only factor is the distance to the destination and not whether there are cities along the way. He clarifies in 10:21:2 that we measure a parsa by distance and not time. </ref> | ||
## The distance is measured according to the distance it takes to travel the roads even if the road is not straight and not according to the shortest most direct line. <Ref>Eshel Avraham MeButchach 110, Tehillat LeDavid 110:4, Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah, chap 21, note 7, pg 253), Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 </ref> | ## The distance is measured according to the distance it takes to travel the roads even if the road is not straight and not according to the shortest most direct line. <Ref>Eshel Avraham MeButchach 110, Tehillat LeDavid 110:4, Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah, chap 21, note 7, pg 253), Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 </ref> | ||
# Sephardim hold that if one travels in a car, train, boat, airplane or any other mode of transportation if one travels 72 minutes from one city to another city then one says Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Halacha Brurah 110:16 based on Sh”t Yabia Omer 1:13, 6:48(9) </ref> | # Sephardim hold that if one travels in a car, train, boat, airplane or any other mode of transportation if one travels 72 minutes from one city to another city then one says Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Halacha Brurah 110:16 based on Sh”t Yabia Omer 1:13, 6:48(9) </ref> | ||
## The distance is only counted between one city and the other. <Ref>Halacha Brurah 110:16 </ref> | ## The distance is only counted between one city and the other. <Ref>Halacha Brurah 110:16 </ref> | ||
## Even if there are cities or pit stops along the way, the Sephardic minhag is to say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef ([[Tefilla]] vol 2, 110:2, pg 3) </ref> | ## Even if there are cities or pit stops along the way, the Sephardic minhag is to say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef ([[Tefilla]] vol 2, 110:2, pg 3) </ref> | ||
==Distance Traveled== | ==Distance Traveled== | ||
# According to Ashkenazim as long as the distance traveled is 3.84 kilometers then one should make the bracha, however, according to Sephardim one should only make it for a travel of 72 minutes. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 writes that according to Rav Chaim Noeh the measurement is 3.84 km and according to the Chazon Ish 4.6km. Sh”t Yabia Omer 1:13 writes that Sephardim follow the time it takes to walk a [[mil]] which is established to be 72 minutes. </ref> | # According to Ashkenazim as long as the distance traveled is 3.84 kilometers then one should make the bracha, however, according to Sephardim one should only make it for a travel of 72 minutes. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 writes that according to Rav Chaim Noeh the measurement is 3.84 km and according to the Chazon Ish 4.6km. Sh”t Yabia Omer 1:13 writes that Sephardim follow the time it takes to walk a [[mil]] which is established to be 72 minutes. </ref> | ||
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# One should preferably say it within the first 8000 [[Amot]] of the trip. <Ref>Rama 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:1 </ref>However, if one did not, as long as there are 8000 [[Amot]] left in the trip one may say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7 </ref> | # One should preferably say it within the first 8000 [[Amot]] of the trip. <Ref>Rama 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:1 </ref>However, if one did not, as long as there are 8000 [[Amot]] left in the trip one may say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 110:7, Ishei Yisrael 50:7 </ref> | ||
# One should not say Tefillat HaDerech until one leaves the city and a bit more than 70 [[Amot]] from the city. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 110:7 writes that one should not say Tefillat HaDerech until one is on the way. Mishna Brurah 110:29 adds that one should not say while one is in the extension of the city which is a bit more than 70 [[Amot]]. </ref> If one made the bracha while one was still in the city, after the fact, one is considered to have fulfilled the obligation. <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:29 </ref> | # One should not say Tefillat HaDerech until one leaves the city and a bit more than 70 [[Amot]] from the city. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 110:7 writes that one should not say Tefillat HaDerech until one is on the way. Mishna Brurah 110:29 adds that one should not say while one is in the extension of the city which is a bit more than 70 [[Amot]]. </ref> If one made the bracha while one was still in the city, after the fact, one is considered to have fulfilled the obligation. <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:29 </ref> | ||
# Tefillat HaDerech should be said right after a bracha such as a [[Bracha Achrona]] or [[Asher Yatzer]] | # Tefillat HaDerech should be said right after a bracha such as a [[Bracha Achrona]] or [[Asher Yatzer]] in order to connect a bracha beginning with Baruch to Tefillat HaDerech, if it is impossible then one should make Tefillat HaDerech without any bracha beforehand.<Ref>Mishna Brurah 110:28, Ishei Yisrael 50:5. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:3 writes that if you are traveling before [[prayers]], then you should ideally recite it after the beracha of "[[gomel]] chasadim tovim liamo yisrael." [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=201601 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Veetchanan 5782 min 13)] said that it is possible even to recite a bracha rishona on a sucking candy before Tefillat Haderech and that would also fulfill this concept.</ref> | ||
# One who needs to travel on [[Shabbat]] for a medical emergency should say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata 27:30 based on Sh”t Besel haChachma 5:41 </ref> | # One who needs to travel on [[Shabbat]] for a medical emergency should say Tefillat HaDerech.<Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata 27:30 based on Sh”t Besel haChachma 5:41 </ref> | ||
==How it Should Be Said== | ==How it Should Be Said== | ||
# It is proper to stand still when saying Tefillat HaDerech, however, if one is unable to one may say it while walking. <Ref>In Gemara Brachot 30a Rav Sheshet says that one may say it walking while Rav Chisda says one should say it only standing. The Rif (Brachot 20b) rules that it is preferable to follow Rav Chisda. This is also the ruling of Rosh 4:18, Tur, Shulchan Aruch 110:4 </ref> | # It is proper to stand still when saying Tefillat HaDerech, however, if one is unable to one may say it while walking. <Ref>In Gemara Brachot 30a Rav Sheshet says that one may say it walking while Rav Chisda says one should say it only standing. The Rif (Brachot 20b) rules that it is preferable to follow Rav Chisda. This is also the ruling of Rosh 4:18, Tur, Shulchan Aruch 110:4 </ref> | ||
# If one is on a bus or train (or public transportation) and one is able to stand to say Tefillat HaDerech one should do so, otherwise one may say it seated. <Ref> In Gemara Brachot 30a Rav Sheshet says that one may say it walking while Rav Chisda says one should say it only standing. The Rif (Brachot 20b) rules that it is preferable to follow Rav Chisda. This is also the ruling of Rosh 4:18, Tur and Shulchan Aruch 110:4. Mishna Brurah 110:22 writes that if one if standing still will cause one not to be able to have concentration one may say it while walking or seated. Halacha Brurah 110:11, Ishei Yisrael 50:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:4 | # If one is on a bus or train (or public transportation) and one is able to stand to say Tefillat HaDerech one should do so, otherwise one may say it seated. <Ref> In Gemara Brachot 30a Rav Sheshet says that one may say it walking while Rav Chisda says one should say it only standing. The Rif (Brachot 20b) rules that it is preferable to follow Rav Chisda. This is also the ruling of Rosh 4:18, Tur and Shulchan Aruch 110:4. Mishna Brurah 110:22 writes that if one if standing still will cause one not to be able to have concentration one may say it while walking or seated. Halacha Brurah 110:11, Ishei Yisrael 50:2, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 68:4, and Tefillah KeHilchata 27:27 rule similarly. Beer Moshe 7:114:2 writes that in a car and plane one should initially say it sitting since one can't stand.</ref> | ||
# It is preferable to stop the car to make the bracha, however, if it is dangerous or it will disturb one’s concentration if one stops, one may say it while traveling. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 110:4, Mishna Brurah 110:22, 23, Halacha Brurah 110:11 </ref> Some say that because of lack of safety in saying Tefillat HaDerech while driving and lack of kavana (proper intent) one may say it in the Shomeh [[Tefillah]] of the [[Shmoneh Esrei]] prior to leaving. <Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata (chap 27 note 80) in name of Rav Scheinberg says that if one will not be able to stop and one cannot say it while driving because of a safety hazard and lack of kavana one should say it in the Shomeh [[Tefillah]] of the [[Shmoneh Esrei]] prior to leaving. </ref> | # It is preferable to stop the car to make the bracha, however, if it is dangerous or it will disturb one’s concentration if one stops, one may say it while traveling. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 110:4, Mishna Brurah 110:22, 23, Halacha Brurah 110:11 </ref> Some say that because of lack of safety in saying Tefillat HaDerech while driving and lack of kavana (proper intent) one may say it in the Shomeh [[Tefillah]] of the [[Shmoneh Esrei]] prior to leaving. <Ref>Tefillah KeHilchata (chap 27 note 80) in name of Rav Scheinberg says that if one will not be able to stop and one cannot say it while driving because of a safety hazard and lack of kavana one should say it in the Shomeh [[Tefillah]] of the [[Shmoneh Esrei]] prior to leaving. </ref> | ||
# It is preferable that each person say it themselves but the strict law permits one to say it and others to fulfill their obligation by hearing it. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:3 </ref> | # It is preferable that each person say it themselves but the strict law permits one to say it and others to fulfill their obligation by hearing it. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:3. [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=201601 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Parshat Veetchanan 5782 min 16)] allowed one person on a bus fulfill everyone's obligation.</ref> | ||
# Although the [[prayer]] should be recited in the plural, one nevertheless fulfills one's obligation by reciting it in the singular. <ref> Mishna Brurah 110:18 </ref> | # Although the [[prayer]] should be recited in the plural, one nevertheless fulfills one's obligation by reciting it in the singular. <ref> Mishna Brurah 110:18 </ref> | ||
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==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
{{Prayers}} | |||
[[Category:Prayer]] | [[Category:Prayer]] | ||
