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Tefillat HaDerech: Difference between revisions
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== | ==Obligation and text== | ||
# Someone who goes on a trip | # Someone who goes on a trip whether it’s by foot, car, train, or airplane should say Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>S”A 110:7 writes that one only makes the Bracha for a distance of a parsa (which Mishna Brurah 110:31 explains is 8000 Amot). Mishna Brurah 110:30 writes that one should make the Bracha for riding a train. Piskei Teshuvot 110:2 writes that one makes the Bracha for travel by car, train, boat, or airplane. Ishei Yisrael 50:2 writes that whether one is walking or driving one makes the Bracha. Ishei Yisrael 50:1 quotes Rav Shlomo Zalman saying that one who’s traveling by car can add the phrase “VeTatsileynu MeTeunot Derachim” (may we be saved from a car accident). </ref> | ||
# One who travels on the path should say Tefillat HaDerech (prayer for traveling) with the following text:''יהי רצון מלפניך ה' אלהינו ואלהי אבותינו שתוליכנו לשלום, ותצעידנו לשלום, ותסמכנו לשלום, [ואם חוזר בו ביום יוסיף: ותחזירנו לשלום] ותצילנו מכף כל אויב ואורב בדרך, ותשלח ברכה במעשי ידינו, ותתננו לחן לחסד ולרחמים בעיניך ובעיני כל רואינו, [כי אתה שומע תפלות עמך ישראל ברחמים] ברוך אתה ה' שומע תפלה'' . <ref>Gemara Brachot 29b, S”A 110:4. Text from Yalkut Yosef (Tefillah vol 2, 110:2) </ref> | # One who travels on the path should say Tefillat HaDerech (prayer for traveling) with the following text:''יהי רצון מלפניך ה' אלהינו ואלהי אבותינו שתוליכנו לשלום, ותצעידנו לשלום, ותסמכנו לשלום, [ואם חוזר בו ביום יוסיף: ותחזירנו לשלום] ותצילנו מכף כל אויב ואורב בדרך, ותשלח ברכה במעשי ידינו, ותתננו לחן לחסד ולרחמים בעיניך ובעיני כל רואינו, [כי אתה שומע תפלות עמך ישראל ברחמים] ברוך אתה ה' שומע תפלה'' . <ref>Gemara Brachot 29b, S”A 110:4. Text from Yalkut Yosef (Tefillah vol 2, 110:2) </ref> | ||
==For what trips should one say Tefillat HaDerech?== | |||
# Ashkenazim hold that anytime one travels a distance of 8000 Amot from one city to another city only if there’s no city within 16,000 amot along the path one is traveling. If there’s a continuous line of cities along the way within 16,000 Amot from the city where one departed one should say Tefillat HaDerech without Hashem’s name in the Bracha. <Ref>Biur Halacha 110:7 D”H VeEin says that if there’s a city with 8000 Amot along the way one shouldn’t say Tefillat HaDerech. Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah 21:7) writes that one is only obligated in Tefillat HaDerech if one travels in an area that there’s no city for 16,000 Amot. He adds that we calculate the trip by distance and not time. Tefillah KeHilchata 27:26 rules that in order to make the Bracha at the conclusion it must be a trip the distance of 4.7 km (based on the Chazon Ish’s measure of the Amah). </ref> | |||
## The distance is measured according to the distance it takes to travel the roads even if the road isn’t straight and not according to the shortest most direct line. <Ref>Eshel Avraham MeButchach 110, Tehillat LeDavid 110:4, Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah, chap 21, note 7, pg 253), Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 </ref> | |||
# Sephardim hold that if one travels in a car, train, boat, airplane or any other mode of transportation if one travels 72 minutes from one city to another city then one says Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Halacha Brurah 110:16 based on Sh”t Yabea Omer 1:13, 6:48(9) </ref> | |||
## The distance is only counted between one city and the other. <Ref>Halacha Brurah 110:16 </ref> | |||
## Even if there’s cities or pit stops along the way, the Sephardic minhag is to make Tefillat HaDerech. <Ref>Yalkut Yosef (Tefilla vol 2, 110:2, pg 3) </ref> | |||
==Distance traveled== | ==Distance traveled== | ||
# According to Ashkenazim as long as the distance traveled is 3.84 kilameters then one should make the Bracha, however, according to Sephardim one should only make it for a travel of 72 minutes. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 writes that according to Rav Chaim Noeh the measurement is 3.84 km and according to the Chazon Ish 4.6km. Sh”t Yabea Omer 1:13 writes that Sephardim follow the time of it takes to walk a mil which is established to be 72 minutes. </ref> | # According to Ashkenazim as long as the distance traveled is 3.84 kilameters then one should make the Bracha, however, according to Sephardim one should only make it for a travel of 72 minutes. <Ref>Piskei Teshuvot 110:8 writes that according to Rav Chaim Noeh the measurement is 3.84 km and according to the Chazon Ish 4.6km. Sh”t Yabea Omer 1:13 writes that Sephardim follow the time of it takes to walk a mil which is established to be 72 minutes. </ref> | ||
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# Tefillat HaDerech covers one’s travels for the entire day and night until Olot HaShachar unless one had in mind to complete one’s travels and then changed one’s mind to travel. <Ref>S”A 110:5, Ishei Yisrael 50:3 </ref> | # Tefillat HaDerech covers one’s travels for the entire day and night until Olot HaShachar unless one had in mind to complete one’s travels and then changed one’s mind to travel. <Ref>S”A 110:5, Ishei Yisrael 50:3 </ref> | ||
# If one continues to travel the next day another Tefillat HaDerech is needed unless one non-stopped traveled through the night (without stopping for a Shinat Kevah). <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:26 , Ishei Yisrael 50:4 </ref> | # If one continues to travel the next day another Tefillat HaDerech is needed unless one non-stopped traveled through the night (without stopping for a Shinat Kevah). <ref>Mishna Brurah 110:26 , Ishei Yisrael 50:4 </ref> | ||
==Halachas of traveling== | |||
# When traveling one should learn Torah but not learn Torah in depth so that one is not too distracted, however, if one riding in a carriage and someone else is leading the horses one may even learn in depth learning. <Ref>Magan Avraham 110:10 </ref> | |||
# When one departs from one’s friend one should leave him with a halacha. <Ref>Gemara Brachot 31a, Shaarei Teshuva 110:6 </ref> | |||
# When one departs from a friend one should say “לך לשלום” (go in peace) and not לך בשלום. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 110:17 </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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