Tashlumin: Difference between revisions
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# If one forgot to say [[Arvit]] one should say [[Shacharit]] twice, the first for [[Shacharit]], the second as a makeup (Tashlumin) of [[Arvit]]. <Ref>S”A 108:2 based on the Gemara [[Brachot]] 26a </ref> | # If one forgot to say [[Arvit]] one should say [[Shacharit]] twice, the first for [[Shacharit]], the second as a makeup (Tashlumin) of [[Arvit]]. <Ref>S”A 108:2 based on the Gemara [[Brachot]] 26a </ref> | ||
# If someone was involved in a mitzvah from the beginning to the end of the time of a Tefillah he was exempt from that Tefillah then he doesn't need to recite Tashlumin afterwards.<ref>The Derisha YD 341:3 writes that someone who was Osek in a Mitzvah is exempt from Tefillah and if he missed a Tefillah because of the mitzvah he doesn't have any tashlumin just like an Onen. The Taz YD 341:5 disagrees saying that missing a Tefillah because of a mitzvah is just like an other extenuating circumstance for which you missed a tefillah which would obligate a Tashlumin. The Nekudat Hakesef 341 agrees with the Derisha. Mishna Brurah 93:8 rules like the Derisha. Steipler in Kehilat Yakov Brachot ch. 15 explains that the Derisha holds that when one is dealing with a mitzvah there's a complete exemption from the mitzvah so that it was like you weren't obligated and as such there is no tashlumin, however, the Taz holds that the exemption is just like something that prevents you from a mitzvah and as such there is a tashlumin. He compares this to the dispute between Tosfot and Ran whether someone doing a mitzvah can involve himself in a second mitzvah that he can do simultaneously. </ref> | # If someone was involved in a mitzvah from the beginning to the end of the time of a Tefillah he was exempt from that Tefillah then he doesn't need to recite Tashlumin afterwards.<ref>The Derisha YD 341:3 writes that someone who was Osek in a Mitzvah is exempt from Tefillah and if he missed a Tefillah because of the mitzvah he doesn't have any tashlumin just like an Onen. The Taz YD 341:5 disagrees saying that missing a Tefillah because of a mitzvah is just like an other extenuating circumstance for which you missed a tefillah which would obligate a Tashlumin. The Nekudat Hakesef 341 agrees with the Derisha. Mishna Brurah 93:8 rules like the Derisha. Steipler in Kehilat Yakov Brachot ch. 15 explains that the Derisha holds that when one is dealing with a mitzvah there's a complete exemption from the mitzvah so that it was like you weren't obligated and as such there is no tashlumin, however, the Taz holds that the exemption is just like something that prevents you from a mitzvah and as such there is a tashlumin. He compares this to the dispute between Tosfot and Ran whether someone doing a mitzvah can involve himself in a second mitzvah that he can do simultaneously. </ref> | ||
# For example, someone who is a doctor healing a Jewish patient and missed the entire period of a Tefillah from beginning to end, since he was dealing with a mitzvah he doesn't need to recite Tashlumin afterwards.<ref>Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach cited in Nishmat Avraham 38:6 writes that someone who is healing a Jewish patient is doing a mitzvah and as such he is exempt from Tefillah and if he's involved with that mitzvah from the beginning of the time of the Tefillah to the end then he doesn't even need to recite Tashlumin in accordance with the Derisha YD 341:3. He also cites Rav Zilberstein who explains that even if he doesn't have intention for a mitzvah nonetheless he is practically doing the mitzvah of Hashavat Aveidah and as such the exemption applies.</ref> | # For example, someone who is a doctor healing a Jewish patient and missed the entire period of a Tefillah from beginning to end, since he was dealing with a mitzvah he doesn't need to recite Tashlumin afterwards.<ref>Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach cited in Nishmat Avraham 38:6 writes that someone who is healing a Jewish patient is doing a mitzvah and as such he is exempt from Tefillah and if he's involved with that mitzvah from the beginning of the time of the Tefillah to the end then he doesn't even need to recite Tashlumin in accordance with the Derisha YD 341:3. He also cites Rav Zilberstein who explains that even if he doesn't have intention for a mitzvah nonetheless he is practically doing the mitzvah of Hashavat Aveidah and as such the exemption applies. Minchat Asher 1:121 agrees that if the doctor was involved in pikuach nefesh the entire time of the tefillah he was exempt and he doesn't have to daven tashlumin. However, a doctor in the office seeing patients isn't considered osek bmitzvah because primarily he is doing his job to be paid. </ref> | ||
==Procedure of Tashlumin== | ==Procedure of Tashlumin== | ||
# In general, one shouldn't make any interruption in between the original Shemonah Esrei and the Tashlumin <ref>Mishna Brurah 108:11 writes that preferably one shouldn't make any interruption even to learn in between the original Shemona Esrei and the Tashlumin. </ref>besides for certain [[prayers]] which are mentioned in the following halachot: | # In general, one shouldn't make any interruption in between the original Shemonah Esrei and the Tashlumin <ref>Mishna Brurah 108:11 writes that preferably one shouldn't make any interruption even to learn in between the original Shemona Esrei and the Tashlumin. </ref>besides for certain [[prayers]] which are mentioned in the following halachot: | ||
# If one needs to say Tashlumin for [[Arvit]] one should say [[Shacharit]] Shemona Esrei, [[Tachanun]], and Ashrei and then the Tashlumin Shemona Esrei.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch 108:2. The Mishna Brurah 108:13 explains that the reason we insert Ashrei between the two Shemona Esrei's is in order to prepare for [[davening]] with supplicatory words of Torah. Additionally, one has to say Ashrei before Uva Letzion anyway, so it might as well be said between the Shemona Esrei's.</ref> | # If one needs to say Tashlumin for [[Arvit]] one should say [[Shacharit]] Shemona Esrei, [[Tachanun]], and Ashrei and then the Tashlumin Shemona Esrei.<Ref>Shulchan Aruch 108:2. The Mishna Brurah 108:13 explains that the reason we insert Ashrei between the two Shemona Esrei's is in order to prepare for [[davening]] with supplicatory words of Torah. Additionally, one has to say Ashrei before Uva Letzion anyway, so it might as well be said between the Shemona Esrei's.</ref> | ||
# If one needs to say Tashlumin for [[Shacharit]] one should say [[Mincha]] Shemona Esrei say Ashrei and then say the Tashlumin [[Shemona Esreh]].<Ref>The Taz 108:3 explains that if one missed [[Shacharit]] and is repeating [[Mincha]], one should say Ashrei in between the two Shemona Esrei's. He explains that the Rama didn't even need to mention this case because it is clear that one has to say Ashrei to makeup the missed Ashrei at [[Shacharit]]. Nonetheless, the first reason that the Taz gives for saying Ashrei prior to Tashlumin is in order to prepare for [[davening]] with | # If one needs to say Tashlumin for [[Shacharit]] one should say [[Mincha]] Shemona Esrei say Ashrei and then say the Tashlumin [[Shemona Esreh]].<Ref>The Taz 108:3 explains that if one missed [[Shacharit]] and is repeating [[Mincha]], one should say Ashrei in between the two Shemona Esrei's. He explains that the Rama didn't even need to mention this case because it is clear that one has to say Ashrei to makeup the missed Ashrei at [[Shacharit]]. Nonetheless, the first reason that the Taz gives for saying Ashrei prior to Tashlumin is in order to prepare for [[davening]] with words of Torah. The Mishna Brurah 108:13 agrees.</ref> | ||
# If one needs to say Tashlumin for [[Shacharit]] one should wear tefillin for mincha, both for the mincha shemona esrei as well as the tashlumin shemona esrei. <ref>[http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pagefeed/hebrewbooks_org_50533_35.pdf Birur Halacha 108:2]</ref> | # If one needs to say Tashlumin for [[Shacharit]] one should wear tefillin for mincha, both for the mincha shemona esrei as well as the tashlumin shemona esrei. <ref>[http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pagefeed/hebrewbooks_org_50533_35.pdf Birur Halacha 108:2] explains that really since one didn't get to daven with tefillin yet that day one should daven Shemona Esrei of Mincha with Tefillin. Even though he doesn't have to wear them for the Tashlumin since he already kept the minhag to wear them for one Tefillah a day it isn't right to take them off between the Mincha and the Tashlumin so that they are put close together.</ref> | ||
# If one needs to say Tashlumin for [[Mincha]], according to some poskim, one should say [[Arvit]] [[Shemona Esreh]] and Ashrei and then the Tashlumin, while others say that one should just say Avrit [[Shemona Esreh]] and then Tashlumin after waiting the time it takes to walk 4 [[amot]]. <ref>Rama 108:2 writes that if one say saying Tashlumin for [[mincha]] one should say Ashrei between [[Arvit]] and the Tashlumin. Mishna Brurah 108:14 explains that one should say Ashrei as a makeup for the Ashrei that was supposed to have been said before [[Mincha]]. However, Mishna Brurah 108:14 quotes the achronim in the name of the mekubalim that one shouldn't say Ashrei at [[Arvit]]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 21:1 just writes that at [[Arvit]] one should only wait the time it takes to walk 4 [[amot]] and not say Ashrei. Nonetheless, Shulchan Aruch 105:1 writes that one must wait at least the time it takes to walk 4 [[amot]] between two Shemona Esrei's. Mishna Brurah 105:1 explains that even if one doesn't say Ashrei at [[Arvit]] one must still make the time for 4 [[amot]] between the Shemona Esrei and Tashlumin. </reF> | # If one needs to say Tashlumin for [[Mincha]], according to some poskim, one should say [[Arvit]] [[Shemona Esreh]] and Ashrei and then the Tashlumin, while others say that one should just say Avrit [[Shemona Esreh]] and then Tashlumin after waiting the time it takes to walk 4 [[amot]]. <ref>Rama 108:2 writes that if one say saying Tashlumin for [[mincha]] one should say Ashrei between [[Arvit]] and the Tashlumin. Mishna Brurah 108:14 explains that one should say Ashrei as a makeup for the Ashrei that was supposed to have been said before [[Mincha]]. However, Mishna Brurah 108:14 quotes the achronim in the name of the mekubalim that one shouldn't say Ashrei at [[Arvit]]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 21:1 just writes that at [[Arvit]] one should only wait the time it takes to walk 4 [[amot]] and not say Ashrei. Nonetheless, Shulchan Aruch 105:1 writes that one must wait at least the time it takes to walk 4 [[amot]] between two Shemona Esrei's. Mishna Brurah 105:1 explains that even if one doesn't say Ashrei at [[Arvit]] one must still make the time for 4 [[amot]] between the Shemona Esrei and Tashlumin. </reF> | ||
# If one forgot to daven the Tashlumin prayer at the next davening, most poskim assume that one can no longer make up that tefillah. However, some poskim say that one can still make up that tefillah.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 108:4</ref> Therefore, some suggest that one make a stipulation if one is obligated to offer a tashlumin it should count as a tashlumin and if not it should count as a voluntary tefillah. <ref>Yalkut Yosef 108:15</ref> | # If one forgot to daven the Tashlumin prayer at the next davening, most poskim assume that one can no longer make up that tefillah. However, some poskim say that one can still make up that tefillah.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 108:4</ref> Therefore, some suggest that one make a stipulation if one is obligated to offer a tashlumin it should count as a tashlumin and if not it should count as a voluntary tefillah. <ref>Yalkut Yosef 108:15</ref> | ||
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# If Rosh Chodesh was a Friday then one shouldn’t do Tashlumin on Shabbat since one may not recite voluntary prayers on Shabbat.<Ref>Mishna Brurah 108:36</ref> | # If Rosh Chodesh was a Friday then one shouldn’t do Tashlumin on Shabbat since one may not recite voluntary prayers on Shabbat.<Ref>Mishna Brurah 108:36</ref> | ||
==If One Forgot to Say Ten Tal Umatar Lbracha on Friday Afternoon== | ==If One Forgot to Say Ten Tal Umatar Lbracha on Friday Afternoon== | ||
# If someone forgot to say Ten Tal Umatar Lbracha on Friday afternoon in mincha and only realized after it was too late for mincha some say that one should repeat say Tashlumin at Arvit of Shabbat to fulfill his obligation of Mincha.<ref>Rav Chaim Soloveitchik (Brachot 26b) wrote that the dispute in Tosfot regarding Yaaleh Veyavo is only relevant there since perhaps a Shemona Esrei without Yaaleh Veyavo counts and if one doesn't gain by repeating Shemona Esrei there's no point to say Tashlumin, however, Ten Tal Umatar Lbracha is integral to the Shemona Esrei and if one forgot it it is as though one didn't pray at all.</ref> Others hold that one shouldn't repeat the Shemona Esrei at Arvit since one doesn't gain saying Ten Tal Umatar Lbracha in the Tashlumin Shemona Esrei.<ref>Har Tzvi 54</ref> | # If someone forgot to say Ten Tal Umatar Lbracha on Friday afternoon in mincha and only realized after it was too late for mincha some say that one should repeat say Tashlumin at Arvit of Shabbat to fulfill his obligation of Mincha.<ref>Rav Chaim Soloveitchik (Brachot 26b) wrote that the dispute in Tosfot regarding Yaaleh Veyavo is only relevant there since perhaps a Shemona Esrei without Yaaleh Veyavo counts and if one doesn't gain by repeating Shemona Esrei there's no point to say Tashlumin, however, Ten Tal Umatar Lbracha is integral to the Shemona Esrei and if one forgot it it is as though one didn't pray at all.</ref> Others hold that one shouldn't repeat the Shemona Esrei at Arvit since one doesn't gain saying Ten Tal Umatar Lbracha in the Tashlumin Shemona Esrei.<ref>Har Tzvi 54, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halichot Shlomo 8 fnt. 82) cited by Dirshu 108:73</ref> | ||
==Mourner== | ==Mourner== | ||
