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Tanit Bechorot: Difference between revisions
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→Which firstborns are obligated to fast?
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# In commemoration of the miracle that Hashem saved the firstborn Jews from the plague of the firstborn, the firstborns fast on Tanit Bechorot, which is on Erev [[Pesach]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 470:1, Kaf HaChaim 470:1, Tur 470:1. The original source for this fast is Masechet Sofrim 21:3. Kaf Hachayim 470:30 explains that even though the miracle happened on the fifteen we fast on the fourteenth because we don't fat on [[yom tov]]. </ref> | # In commemoration of the miracle that Hashem saved the firstborn Jews from the plague of the firstborn, the firstborns fast on Tanit Bechorot, which is on Erev [[Pesach]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 470:1, Kaf HaChaim 470:1, Tur 470:1. The original source for this fast is Masechet Sofrim 21:3. Kaf Hachayim 470:30 explains that even though the miracle happened on the fifteen we fast on the fourteenth because we don't fat on [[yom tov]]. </ref> | ||
==Which firstborns are obligated to fast?== | ==Which firstborns are obligated to fast?== | ||
# A firstborn of one’s mother or the firstborn of one’s father (or both) should fast on Erev [[Pesach]]. <Ref>S”A 470:1 | # A firstborn of one’s mother or the firstborn of one’s father (or both) should fast on Erev [[Pesach]]. <Ref>S”A 470:1 </ref> The reason is that Hashem killed both the firstborns of the father and of the mother in Egypt. <ref>Mishna Brurah 470:2, Kaf Hachayim 470:2. </ref> | ||
# Even a Levi or Cohen should fast. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 470:2 </ref> | # Even a Levi or Cohen should fast. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 470:2 </ref> | ||
# A groom within 7 days of the wedding doesn’t have to fast on Tanit Bechorot. <Ref>Kovetz MeBet Levi (Nissan 5761 pg 86). Rav Ovadia Yosef in Yabia Omer 1:25 says he should try to participate in a seudat mitzva. </ref> | # A groom within 7 days of the wedding doesn’t have to fast on Tanit Bechorot. <Ref>Kovetz MeBet Levi (Nissan 5761 pg 86). Rav Ovadia Yosef in Yabia Omer 1:25 says he should try to participate in a seudat mitzva. </ref> | ||
==Women== | |||
# The ashkenaz minhag is that women don’t fast. <Ref>Rama 470:1, Mishna Brurah 470:4 </ref> However, Sephardic women who are firstborn should try to join in a Suedat Mitzvah in order to break the fast if possible. <Ref>S”A 470:1, Sh”t Yechave Daat 3:25, Sh”t Yabia Omer 4:42. However, see Kaf HaChaim 470:17 quotes Chida (Machazik Beracha 470:2 and Ben Ish Chai (Parashat Tzav) that the sephardic minhag is to follow Rama. </ref> Even for those who the custom is for women to fast, if the woman is pregnant or nursing she shouldn't fast. <ref> Mishna Brurah 470:9, Kaf Hachayim 470:15 and 21. </ref> | |||
==Children== | |||
# A father should fast in place of his son who is a firstborn but is under [[Bar Mitzvah]]. According to the minhag to listen to a Siyum, the father should go to the Siyum in place of his son. <Ref>Rama 470:2, Piskei Teshuvot 470:6, Yosef Daat (Dinei [[Chinuch]] 16:3) </ref> | # A father should fast in place of his son who is a firstborn but is under [[Bar Mitzvah]]. According to the minhag to listen to a Siyum, the father should go to the Siyum in place of his son. <Ref>Rama 470:2, Piskei Teshuvot 470:6, Yosef Daat (Dinei [[Chinuch]] 16:3) </ref> | ||
# The Rama writes that if the father is a firstborn, the mother should fast for her firstborn son who is under [[Bar Mitzvah]]. <ref>Rama 470:2</ref> However, the Mishna Brurah quotes some poskim who say that the father's fast counts for the son as well. Therefore, the Mishna Brurah allows a mother to be lenient if she is in pain. <ref> Mishna Brurah 470:9 </ref> | # The Rama writes that if the father is a firstborn, the mother should fast for her firstborn son who is under [[Bar Mitzvah]]. <ref>Rama 470:2</ref> However, the Mishna Brurah quotes some poskim who say that the father's fast counts for the son as well. Therefore, the Mishna Brurah allows a mother to be lenient if she is in pain. <ref> Mishna Brurah 470:9 </ref> | ||
