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Standing for Talmidei Chachamim and the Elderly: Difference between revisions
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Standing for Talmidei Chachamim and the Elderly (view source)
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# If one is unsure if the person is 70, one should stand up. <Ref> Yechave Daat 3:70 and Yalkut Yosef YD 244:16 write that if one isn't sure if the person is 70, he should stand up based on the principle of Safek Deoritta LeChumra. Tosefet Chaim on Chaye Adam 69:2, [[Shevet Halevi]] 5:130, Salmat Chaim YD 62, and Hiddur Panim (p. 109#14, citing Rav Elyashiv) agree. See, however, the Rogatchover’s comment on Salmat Chaim p. 58 who seems to say one is exempt. </ref> | # If one is unsure if the person is 70, one should stand up. <Ref> Yechave Daat 3:70 and Yalkut Yosef YD 244:16 write that if one isn't sure if the person is 70, he should stand up based on the principle of Safek Deoritta LeChumra. Tosefet Chaim on Chaye Adam 69:2, [[Shevet Halevi]] 5:130, Salmat Chaim YD 62, and Hiddur Panim (p. 109#14, citing Rav Elyashiv) agree. See, however, the Rogatchover’s comment on Salmat Chaim p. 58 who seems to say one is exempt. </ref> | ||
# One should offer support to a non-Jewish elderly person but technically one doesn't have the same obligation to stand as one does for a Jewish elderly person.<ref>S”A 244:7 writes that for a non-Jewish elder one should speak respectfully and offer one’s hand to support him. Levush 244:7, Chaye Adam 69:2, and Kitzur S”A 144:2 agree. Kesef Mishna (Talmud Torah 6:9) writes explicitly that there is no mitzvah to stand for a non-Jewish elder. Therefore, Kavod VeHiddur (p. 78) rules that one does not have to stand for a non-Jewish elder at all.</ref> | # One should offer support to a non-Jewish elderly person but technically one doesn't have the same obligation to stand as one does for a Jewish elderly person.<ref>S”A 244:7 writes that for a non-Jewish elder one should speak respectfully and offer one’s hand to support him. Levush 244:7, Chaye Adam 69:2, and Kitzur S”A 144:2 agree. Kesef Mishna (Talmud Torah 6:9) writes explicitly that there is no mitzvah to stand for a non-Jewish elder. Therefore, Kavod VeHiddur (p. 78) rules that one does not have to stand for a non-Jewish elder at all.</ref> | ||
# One should stand for an elderly person even if he isn't wise in Torah as long as he isn't a wicked person.<ref>Rama YD 244:1. | # One should stand for an elderly person even if he isn't wise in Torah as long as he isn't a wicked person.<ref>Rama YD 244:1. According to Rav Wosner (Shevet Halevi 9:198) and Rav Nissan Karelitz (Kibud Vehidur page 447) one need not stand up before modern day non-observant Jews, who desecrate Shabbos and do not adhere to halacha. </ref> | ||
==Standing for a Talmid Chacham== | ==Standing for a Talmid Chacham== | ||
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# There are some who try to justify a minhag of being lenient regarding standing for an elder and Talmid Chacham. <ref> Shach 244:11 seems to say that the minhag is to stand only for an Av Bet Din or Rosh Yeshiva, but he leaves it as a tzarich iyun. Rav Chaim Zonenfeld in Salmat Chaim YD 59-60 explains that the Shach doesn't mean that they uprooted a Deoritta but rather that the Talmidei Chachamim forgo the respect due to them. Rabbi Zonenfeld seems to say that this is not accepted as the Halacha but only a defense of the minhag. Moadim Uzmanim 3:248 writes that he's unsure if this is enough to rely on. Similarly, Sh”t Yabia Omer YD 3:13 writes that one should certainly not rely on the assumption that Talmidei Chachamim are mochel. Kavod VeHiddur p. 38 cites some who say that we assume that in general a Talmid Chacham is mochel. Rabbi Hershel Schachter (Halachipedia Article 5772 #15) stated that we assume a Talmid Chacham is mochel people standing for him. | # There are some who try to justify a minhag of being lenient regarding standing for an elder and Talmid Chacham. <ref> Shach 244:11 seems to say that the minhag is to stand only for an Av Bet Din or Rosh Yeshiva, but he leaves it as a tzarich iyun. Rav Chaim Zonenfeld in Salmat Chaim YD 59-60 explains that the Shach doesn't mean that they uprooted a Deoritta but rather that the Talmidei Chachamim forgo the respect due to them. Rabbi Zonenfeld seems to say that this is not accepted as the Halacha but only a defense of the minhag. Moadim Uzmanim 3:248 writes that he's unsure if this is enough to rely on. Similarly, Sh”t Yabia Omer YD 3:13 writes that one should certainly not rely on the assumption that Talmidei Chachamim are mochel. Kavod VeHiddur p. 38 cites some who say that we assume that in general a Talmid Chacham is mochel. Rabbi Hershel Schachter (Halachipedia Article 5772 #15) stated that we assume a Talmid Chacham is mochel people standing for him. | ||
* The Rogachover in Salmat Yosef 1:3 writes that the biblical mitzvah of standing for a Talmid Chacham only applies to someone who has semicha going back to Moshe Rabbenu. Yabia Omer YD 4:16:2 rejects this based on a number of rishonim. | * The Rogachover in Salmat Yosef 1:3 writes that the biblical mitzvah of standing for a Talmid Chacham only applies to someone who has semicha going back to Moshe Rabbenu. Yabia Omer YD 4:16:2 rejects this based on a number of rishonim. | ||
* Regarding elders, Kavod VeHiddur p. 64 quotes Rav Elyashiv saying that the minhag has what to rely on, since we assume that elders forgo the respect due to them. </ref> | * Regarding elders, Kavod VeHiddur p. 64 quotes Rav Elyashiv saying that the minhag of standing slightly has what to rely on, since we assume that elders forgo the respect due to them, but does not say anything there about not standing at all. </ref> | ||
==Related Topics== | ==Related Topics== | ||
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# Regarding to standing for parents, see [[Kibud_Av_V%27Em#Standing_for_one.27s_parents]]. | # Regarding to standing for parents, see [[Kibud_Av_V%27Em#Standing_for_one.27s_parents]]. | ||
# Regarding the recital of a beracha upon seeing a talmid chacham see [[Brachot_on_Sights#Bracha_for_seeing_a_scholar]] | # Regarding the recital of a beracha upon seeing a talmid chacham see [[Brachot_on_Sights#Bracha_for_seeing_a_scholar]] | ||
==Links== | |||
* [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/749743/rabbi-aryeh-lebowitz/ten-minute-halacha-standing-for-elders/ Ten Minute Halacha on Standing for the Elderly] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz | |||
* Article on [http://www.bknw.org/uploads/5/9/9/5/5995719/standing_up_for_a_talmid_chochom.pdf Standing up for a Talmid Chochom] by Rabbi Yehuda Balsam | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
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[[Category:Learning Torah]] | [[Category:Learning Torah]] | ||
[[Category: Ritual Practices]] | [[Category: Ritual Practices]] | ||
[[Category:Yoreh Deah]] | |||
