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Speech on Shabbat: Difference between revisions
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==Planning for tomorrow== | ==Planning for tomorrow== | ||
# One may not say “Tomorrow (or tonight) I’m going to do a Melacha (activity which is forbidden on [[Shabbat]])”. <ref>S”A 307:1 </ref> | # One may not say “Tomorrow (or tonight) I’m going to do a Melacha (activity which is forbidden on [[Shabbat]])”. <ref>S”A 307:1, Kitzur S"A 90:4 </ref> | ||
## For example one shouldn’t say “I’m going to drive a car”, “I’m going to write a letter”, or “I’m going to buy a certain item”, <Ref>Practical Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Rafael Soae, vol 1, pg 377) </ref> “I will fix the refrigerator door next week”, “I will wallpaper the room after [[Shabbat]]” <ref>39 Melachos (vol 1, pg 103) </ref> | ## For example one shouldn’t say “I’m going to drive a car”, “I’m going to write a letter”, or “I’m going to buy a certain item”, <Ref>Practical Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Rafael Soae, vol 1, pg 377) </ref> “I will fix the refrigerator door next week”, “I will wallpaper the room after [[Shabbat]]” <ref>39 Melachos (vol 1, pg 103) </ref> | ||
## One may not plan specific details for a family vacation such as which hotel or airline to book. <Ref>39 Melachos (vol 1, pg 105) </ref> | ## One may not plan specific details for a family vacation such as which hotel or airline to book. <Ref>39 Melachos (vol 1, pg 105) </ref> | ||
# One may speak about another prohibition other than prohibited melacha, for example on [[Yom Kippur]] one may speak about eating after [[Yom Kippur]]. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 29:61 </ref> | # One may speak about another prohibition other than prohibited melacha, for example on [[Yom Kippur]] one may speak about eating after [[Yom Kippur]]. <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 29:61 </ref> | ||
===Not explicit=== | ===Not explicit=== | ||
# One may say “I will go to a certain place tomorrow” even if one plans on driving as long as he doesn’t mention how he will travel. <Ref>S”A 307:8, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, 184), 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 1 pg 105) </ref> | # One may say “I will go to a certain place tomorrow” even if one plans on driving as long as he doesn’t mention how he will travel. <Ref>S”A 307:8, Kitzur S"A 90:4, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, 184), 39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 1, pg 105) </ref> | ||
===Hinting=== | ===Hinting=== | ||
# One may hint that one’s friend or a non-Jew should pick one up (in a car) after [[Shabbat]] even if it’s not a mitzvah need. <ref>Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, 183) </ref> For example one may ask whether he is available to come after [[Shabbat]] or telling him that he’d be happy if he were able to come after [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 29:52. The S”A 307:7 writes that one may not hire someone for after [[Shabbat]] but one would be allowed to ask “do you think you would be available to work for me tonight?”. </ref> | # One may hint that one’s friend or a non-Jew should pick one up (in a car) after [[Shabbat]] even if it’s not a mitzvah need. <ref>Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, 183) </ref> For example one may ask whether he is available to come after [[Shabbat]] or telling him that he’d be happy if he were able to come after [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 29:52. The S”A 307:7 writes that one may not hire someone for after [[Shabbat]] but one would be allowed to ask “do you think you would be available to work for me tonight?”. </ref> | ||
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==Business speech== | ==Business speech== | ||
# One may not discuss or plan business agreements, transactions, deals, or strategies on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 1 pg 103-4) </ref> | # One may not discuss or plan business agreements, transactions, deals, or strategies on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>39 Melachos (Rabbi Ribiat, vol 1 pg 103-4) </ref> | ||
# Thinking about business on [[Shabbat]] is permissible, however, there’s a mitzvah of Oneg [[Shabbat]] not to think about that on [[Shabbat]] and all the more so one shouldn’t become distracted and worried about business matters. <Ref>S”A 306:8, Mishna Brurah 306:38 </ref> | # Thinking about business on [[Shabbat]] is permissible, however, there’s a mitzvah of Oneg [[Shabbat]] not to think about that on [[Shabbat]] and all the more so one shouldn’t become distracted and worried about business matters. <Ref>S”A 306:8, Mishna Brurah 306:38 </ref> | ||
==Mundane speech== | ==Mundane speech== | ||
# One shouldn’t speak about something which causes a person sadness or agony. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 307:3 </ref> Therefore, one should say bad news which causes aggravation. <Ref> Practical Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Rafael Soae, vol 1, pg 378) </ref> | # One shouldn’t speak about something which causes a person sadness or agony. <Ref>Kitzur S"A 90:4, Mishna Brurah 307:3 </ref> Therefore, one should say bad news which causes aggravation. <Ref> Practical Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Rafael Soae, vol 1, pg 378) </ref> | ||
# One shouldn’t greet one’s friend the same way one does during the week (“good morning”, “hello”, “hi”) but rather “good Shabbos”, (or “[[Shabbat]] Shalom”). <Ref>Mishna Brurah 307:5 in name of the Shlah explaining that through this one fulfills the mitzvah of Zechor Et Yom Ha[[Shabbat]]. </ref> | # One shouldn’t greet one’s friend the same way one does during the week (“good morning”, “hello”, “hi”) but rather “good Shabbos”, (or “[[Shabbat]] Shalom”). <Ref>Mishna Brurah 307:5 in name of the Shlah explaining that through this one fulfills the mitzvah of Zechor Et Yom Ha[[Shabbat]]. </ref> | ||
# Mundane speech, which doesn’t include (1) a plan to do a Melacha, (2) business speech, (3) degrading speech or (4) frivolity, may be spoken on [[Shabbat]] but one may not speak too much of this type of speech. Moreover, the righteous practice is to avoid this type of speech on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> S”A 307:1, Mishna Brurah 307:5, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 29:64 </ref> | # Mundane speech, which doesn’t include (1) a plan to do a Melacha, (2) business speech, (3) degrading speech or (4) frivolity, may be spoken on [[Shabbat]] but one may not speak too much of this type of speech. Moreover, the righteous practice is to avoid this type of speech on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> S”A 307:1, Mishna Brurah 307:5, Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 29:64 </ref> | ||
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==Making calculations== | ==Making calculations== | ||
# One may not speak about | # One may not speak about calculation of the price for something which one has not yet paid. Nonetheless, a G-d fearing person would refrain from speaking about calculations for no purpose. <Ref>S”A 307:6, Kitzur S"A 90:4, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]], vol 2, 180-1), Mishna Brurah 307:27 </ref> | ||
# | # However, if one already paid or if there’s a fixed price one may speak about the price unless one is speaking to someone who is thinking (planning) to buy it in which case it’s forbidden to speak about the amount. For example, one may say “I spent $30,000 on my son’s wedding”.<Ref>S”A 307:6, Kitzur S"A 90:4, Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] vol 2 pg 180) </ref> | ||
==Charity== | ==Charity== | ||
# For charity purposes it is permitted to make calculations (orally). <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 29:55 </ref> | # For charity purposes it is permitted to make calculations (orally). <Ref>Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 29:55 </ref> | ||
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==Announcements== | ==Announcements== | ||
# It’s permissible to announce a lost object on [[Shabbat]] or to ask who knows about a lost object because this involves the mitzvahs of Hashavat Aviedah. <Ref>S”A 306:12, Mishna Brurah 306:48 </ref> | # It’s permissible to announce a lost object on [[Shabbat]] or to ask who knows about a lost object because this involves the mitzvahs of [[Hashavat Aviedah]]. <Ref>S”A 306:12, Mishna Brurah 306:48 </ref> | ||
==Releasing a vow== | ==Releasing a vow== | ||
