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Fast Days: Difference between revisions
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==Tzom Gedalya== | ==Tzom Gedalya== | ||
# Tzom Gedalya is observed on the 3rd of Tishri. <ref> Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 3) </ref> | # Tzom Gedalya is observed on the 3rd of Tishri. <ref> Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 3) Shulchan Aruch 549:1. </ref> | ||
# Tzom Gedalya commemorates the death of Gedalya Ben Achikam and the extinguishing of the spark of Yisrael causing the exile. <ref> Rambam (Taniyot 5:2), Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 3 | # Tzom Gedalya commemorates the death of Gedalya Ben Achikam and the extinguishing of the spark of Yisrael causing the exile. <ref> Rambam (Taniyot 5:2), Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 3, Mishna Berura 549:2 </ref> | ||
==Asara BeTevet== | ==Asara BeTevet== | ||
# Asara BeTevet commemorates the tragedy of Nebuchadnezzar's laying siege on the city of Jerusalem. <ref> Rambam (Taniyot 5:2), Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 4) </ref> | # Asara BeTevet commemorates the tragedy of Nebuchadnezzar's laying siege on the city of Jerusalem. <ref> Rambam (Taniyot 5:2), Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 4), Mishna Berura 549:2 </ref> | ||
==Shiva Asar BeTamuz== | ==Shiva Asar BeTamuz== | ||
# Shiva Asar BeTamuz commemorates 5 things: 1) The Luchot were broken. 2) The Korban Tamid in the 1st Bet Hamikdash was abolished. 3) In the 2nd Bet Hamikdash destruction, the city of Jerusalem was breached. 4) The Torah was burned by Apostomus. 5) An idol was put in the Bet Hamikdash. <ref>Rambam (Taniyot 5:2), Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 1) </ref> | # Shiva Asar BeTamuz commemorates 5 things: 1) The Luchot were broken. 2) The Korban Tamid in the 1st Bet Hamikdash was abolished. 3) In the 2nd Bet Hamikdash destruction, the city of Jerusalem was breached. 4) The Torah was burned by Apostomus. 5) An idol was put in the Bet Hamikdash. <ref>Rambam (Taniyot 5:2), Chazon Ovadia (Laws of the Four Fasts, Halacha 1), Mishna Berura 549:2 </ref> | ||
# The fast of Shiva Asar BeTamuz is observed on the seventeenth of Tamuz. <ref>Tur 549:2 explains that on the ninth of Tamuz the wall of Yerushalyim was broken by the first Bet HaMikdash, however, nowadays we fast on the seventeenth of Tamuz which was when the wall of Yerushalyim was broken by the second Bet HaMikdash. This codified as halacha by the Rambam (Taniot 5:2-3), S”A 549:1, Mishna Brurah 549:1, and Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 527). </ref> | # The fast of Shiva Asar BeTamuz is observed on the seventeenth of Tamuz. <ref>Tur 549:2 explains that on the ninth of Tamuz the wall of Yerushalyim was broken by the first Bet HaMikdash, however, nowadays we fast on the seventeenth of Tamuz which was when the wall of Yerushalyim was broken by the second Bet HaMikdash. This codified as halacha by the Rambam (Taniot 5:2-3), S”A 549:1, Mishna Brurah 549:1, and Yalkut Yosef (Moadim pg 527). </ref> | ||
==Tisha BeAv== | ==Tisha BeAv== | ||
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===When to end a fast=== | ===When to end a fast=== | ||
# Any fast which one didn’t complete until Tzet HaCochavim is considered as though one didn't fast. <Ref> S”A 562:1 </ref> | # Any fast which one didn’t complete until Tzet HaCochavim is considered as though one didn't fast. <Ref> S”A 562:1 </ref> | ||
# Even if Asara b'tevet falls out on a friday one should fast until tzet hakovachim even though the fast would carry into shabbat. <ref> Shulchan Arukh 249:4. Rama there quotes an opinion that if you pray early and finish arvit before tzet hakochavim you should eat, but then says that nevertheless on a public fast one should fast until tzet hakochavim and on a private fast, eat after davening. </ref> | |||
===Washing oneself and swimming=== | ===Washing oneself and swimming=== | ||
# A Baal Nefesh should be strict not to wash oneself in hot water or anoint oneself, however it’s permitted to wash with cold water or wash one’s hands, feet, and face with hot water. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 550:6 and Shaar HaTzion 550:8</ref> | # A Baal Nefesh should be strict not to wash oneself in hot water or anoint oneself, however it’s permitted to wash with cold water or wash one’s hands, feet, and face with hot water. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 550:6 and Shaar HaTzion 550:8</ref> | ||
