99
edits
When Is the Earliest and Latest Time to Pray?: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
When Is the Earliest and Latest Time to Pray? (view source)
Revision as of 20:42, 14 July 2024
, 14 July→Arvit Before Sunset If One Davened Mincha Early
| Line 87: | Line 87: | ||
*These are the bases for the discussion amongst the ''poskim'' as to the time of ''bein hashmashot''. To see how this translates into the common halacha and for a full discussion see Hazmanim B'halacha Chap. 40</ref> | *These are the bases for the discussion amongst the ''poskim'' as to the time of ''bein hashmashot''. To see how this translates into the common halacha and for a full discussion see Hazmanim B'halacha Chap. 40</ref> | ||
#There is a great dispute regarding the time for ''bein hashmashot'' and the time for ''tzet hakochavim'' with many ramifications in halacha. The ''geonim'' write that ''bein hashmashot'' begins at sunset and lasts for 0.75 ''mil'' at which time it is ''tzet hakochavim.''<ref>Ginzei Kedem V pg.37, See Teshuvat Maharam Alshakar 96 quoting Teshuvat Rav Sherira Goan and Rav Hai Goan. | #There is a great dispute regarding the time for ''bein hashmashot'' and the time for ''tzet hakochavim'' with many ramifications in halacha. The ''geonim'' write that ''bein hashmashot'' begins at sunset and lasts for 0.75 ''mil'' at which time it is ''tzet hakochavim.''<ref>Ginzei Kedem V pg.37, See Teshuvat Maharam Alshakar 96 quoting Teshuvat Rav Sherira Goan and Rav Hai Goan. For a more complete list see Hazmanim B'halacha - Rav Benish Chap. 41 3-5. | ||
*Notably, Gra O.C. 261:11, Y.D. 262:9, and Rav Shneur Zalman of Liadi (Baal HaTanya) Siddur - Seder HaChnosat Shabbat, ''pasken'' in accordance with this view and it has thus become accepted halacha in most circles. | |||
*Notably, Gra O.C. 261:11, Y.D. 262:9, and Rav Shneur Zalman of Liadi (Baal HaTanya) Siddur - Seder HaChnosat Shabbat, ''pasken'' in accordance with this view and it has thus become | |||
*Notable exceptions to this were Rav Yoel Teitelbaum of Satmar and Rav Yekusiel Yehuda Halberstam of Tzanz-Klausenburg who wrote that the halacha is in accordance with Rabbenu Tam. See Divrei Yoel 18, Shefa Chaim - Kovetz Igros Kodesh I:11-20 | *Notable exceptions to this were Rav Yoel Teitelbaum of Satmar and Rav Yekusiel Yehuda Halberstam of Tzanz-Klausenburg who wrote that the halacha is in accordance with Rabbenu Tam. See Divrei Yoel 18, Shefa Chaim - Kovetz Igros Kodesh I:11-20 | ||
*Hazmanim B'halacha Chap.44:5 writes that regarding the start of Shabbat even the Satmar Rav and the Tzanz-Klausenburger Rav went in accordance with the ''geonim.''</ref> Rabbenu Tam was of the opinion that ''bein hashmashot'' begins 3.25 ''mil'' after sunset and lasts for 0.75 ''mil'' at which time it is ''tzet hakochavim''.<ref>Sefer HaYashar New Edition 221, Tosfot Shabbat 35a ''s.v''. trei, Tosfot Pesachim 94a ''s.v.'' Rabbi Yehudah. Many other ''rishonim'' agreed with Rabbenu Tam, see Hazmanim B'halacha Chap 42:6-10 for a complete list.</ref><ref>There are additional opinions as well; yet they are not the accepted halacha. | *Hazmanim B'halacha Chap.44:5 writes that regarding the start of Shabbat even the Satmar Rav and the Tzanz-Klausenburger Rav went in accordance with the ''geonim.'' | ||
*Igrot Moshe IV:62 writes that we are not able to resolve a dispute between ''rishonim'' and we must be stringent according to both views.</ref> Rabbenu Tam was of the opinion that ''bein hashmashot'' begins 3.25 ''mil'' after sunset and lasts for 0.75 ''mil'' at which time it is ''tzet hakochavim''.<ref>Sefer HaYashar New Edition 221, Tosfot Shabbat 35a ''s.v''. trei, Tosfot Pesachim 94a ''s.v.'' Rabbi Yehudah. Many other ''rishonim'' agreed with Rabbenu Tam, see Hazmanim B'halacha Chap 42:6-10 for a complete list.</ref><ref>There are additional opinions as well; yet they are not the accepted halacha. | |||
*Sefer Yeraim 274 writes that ''bein hashmashos'' begins 0.75 ''mil'' before sunset and lasts until sunset at which time it is night. Biur Halacha 261:2 ''s.v. mitchilas'' writes that it is worthwhile to start ''Shabbat'' before that time. | *Sefer Yeraim 274 writes that ''bein hashmashos'' begins 0.75 ''mil'' before sunset and lasts until sunset at which time it is night. Biur Halacha 261:2 ''s.v. mitchilas'' writes that it is worthwhile to start ''Shabbat'' before that time. | ||
| Line 127: | Line 126: | ||
#One who ''davened'' ''arvit'' prior to ten- and three-quarter hours has not fulfilled his obligation and must ''daven'' again.<ref>Mishna Brurah 233:10, Kaf HaChaim 233:11 as is implied by Shulchan Aruch 233:1 </ref> | #One who ''davened'' ''arvit'' prior to ten- and three-quarter hours has not fulfilled his obligation and must ''daven'' again.<ref>Mishna Brurah 233:10, Kaf HaChaim 233:11 as is implied by Shulchan Aruch 233:1 </ref> | ||
#One who means to ''daven arvit'' after ''tzeit hakochavim'' but mistakenly ''davened'' from ''plag hamincha'', must ''daven'' again at the proper time.<ref>Gemara Brachot 27b writes that on Friday afternoon someone who made a mistake and said [[Arvit]] early thinking it was nighttime according to Abaye he would have to pray again. The Rabbenu Yonah 18b s.v. Rav explains that since one made a mistake and did not intend to pray [[Arvit]] early one does not fulfill one’s obligation. The Magen Avraham 263:26 and Mishna Brurah 263:55 agree that this halacha applies equally to a weeknight as to Friday night. </ref> | #One who means to ''daven arvit'' after ''tzeit hakochavim'' but mistakenly ''davened'' from ''plag hamincha'', must ''daven'' again at the proper time.<ref>Gemara Brachot 27b writes that on Friday afternoon someone who made a mistake and said [[Arvit]] early thinking it was nighttime according to Abaye he would have to pray again. The Rabbenu Yonah 18b s.v. Rav explains that since one made a mistake and did not intend to pray [[Arvit]] early one does not fulfill one’s obligation. The Magen Avraham 263:26 and Mishna Brurah 263:55 agree that this halacha applies equally to a weeknight as to Friday night. </ref> | ||
=== Ideal Time for Arvit (Tzet) === | |||
#[[Kriyat Shema|''Kriyat shema'']] must be recited after [[Tzet HaKochavim|''tzet hakochavim'']].<ref>Mishna Brachot 2a, Shulchan Aruch OC 235:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 70:1</ref> Since ''kriyat shema'' is biblical, one should be vigilant to recite ''shema'' after ''tzet hakochavim'' of Rabbenu Tam.<ref>Mishna Brurah 235:4, Igrot Moshe YD 4:48:4</ref> | |||
#Ideally, one should ''daven'' [[Arvit|''arvit'']] after [[Tzet HaKochavim|''tzet hakochavim'']];<ref>Mishna Brurah 233:9, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 70:2</ref> however, the ''minhag'' of many places is to ''daven'' ''arvit'' immediately after sunset.<ref>Igrot Moshe II:60 writes that it may not be a contradiction to ''daven arvit'' at a time when one would no longer ''daven mincha.'' Thus, he writes, that one may ''daven'' with a ''minyan'' that is ''davening arvit'' at that time, if that is his only opportunity to ''daven'' with a ''minyan.'' Mishna Brurah 235:12 writes that fortunate is the person who can daven with a congregation after Tzet Hakochavim which is the correct time.</ref> | |||
#Many are accustomed to ''davening'' ''mincha'' before ''shkiya'', taking a short break, and ''davening arvit'' after ''tzet'' of the ''geonim'' which can be as early as nine minutes after ''shkiya.''<ref>According to Igrot Moshe IV:62, see Ishei Yisrael Chap. 28 footnote 2</ref> | |||
#A ''tzibur'' may ''daven'' both ''mincha'' and ''arvit'' between ''plag'' and ''shkiya'' if it will be too difficult to gather together a ''minyan'' after everyone goes home.<ref>Mishna Brurah 233:11</ref> | |||
===Arvit Before Sunset If One Davened Mincha Early=== | ===Arvit Before Sunset If One Davened Mincha Early=== | ||
| Line 170: | Line 175: | ||
#If the only ''minyan'' for ''arvit'' is immediately after ''shekiya,'' one should ''daven'' with the ''minyan'' rather than ''davening'' later without a ''minyan''.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 235:1, Mishna Brurah 235:12. Rav Moshe Feinstein in Igrot Moshe OC 2:60 writes that in such a case one should certainly daven with a minyan and either the opinion of Rabbenu Yonah to daven Brachot Kriyat Shema with the congregation or Rav Hai Goan to skip them are acceptable. Biur Halacha 235:1 s.v. v'im quotes the Gra that it is better to wait for the proper time and ''daven'' alone. Igrot Moshe O.C. 2:60 writes that one should only follow this Gra if one always follows the Gra.</ref> | #If the only ''minyan'' for ''arvit'' is immediately after ''shekiya,'' one should ''daven'' with the ''minyan'' rather than ''davening'' later without a ''minyan''.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 235:1, Mishna Brurah 235:12. Rav Moshe Feinstein in Igrot Moshe OC 2:60 writes that in such a case one should certainly daven with a minyan and either the opinion of Rabbenu Yonah to daven Brachot Kriyat Shema with the congregation or Rav Hai Goan to skip them are acceptable. Biur Halacha 235:1 s.v. v'im quotes the Gra that it is better to wait for the proper time and ''daven'' alone. Igrot Moshe O.C. 2:60 writes that one should only follow this Gra if one always follows the Gra.</ref> | ||
# | |||
# | |||
===Latest Time=== | ===Latest Time=== | ||
