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Pat Akum: Difference between revisions
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# It is forbidden to eat bread baked by a non-Jew. <Ref> | # It is forbidden to eat bread baked by a non-Jew. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch YD 112:1. This is based on the Mishna in Avoda Zara 35b. The Gemara 35b explains that the prohibition was instituted in order to prevent intermarriage.<br /> | ||
There is a discussion in the Gemara 35b whether this decree was rescinded, as it records that it was for oil. Tosafot 35b "michlal" quotes an opinion in Yerushalmi Avoda Zara 2:8 that this decree was rescinded because it was too difficult for everyone to abidy by. The Yerushalami also records an opinion that this decree was only rescinded for bread baked in a bakery (pat paltar) but not baked pirvately. However, Rambam Hilchot Maachalot Asurot 17:9, 12 and Shulchan Aruch YD 112:1-2 hold that this decree is still in full force. </ref> | There is a discussion in the Gemara 35b whether this decree was rescinded, as it records that it was for oil. Tosafot 35b "michlal" quotes an opinion in Yerushalmi Avoda Zara 2:8 that this decree was rescinded because it was too difficult for everyone to abidy by. The Yerushalami also records an opinion that this decree was only rescinded for bread baked in a bakery (pat paltar) but not baked pirvately. However, Rambam Hilchot Maachalot Asurot 17:9, 12 and Shulchan Aruch YD 112:1-2 hold that this decree is still in full force. </ref> | ||
# If there is no bread baked by a Jew available, then one can be lenient to eat bread baked by a non-Jewish baker. This is true even if there is bread baked a Jew available but it is of lesser quality. <ref> | # If there is no bread baked by a Jew available, then one can be lenient to eat bread baked by a non-Jewish baker. This is true even if there is bread baked a Jew available but it is of lesser quality. <ref> Shulchan Aruch YD 112:5 based on Rashba Torat HaBayit HeAroch 3:7, Iggerot Moshe YD 2:33 </ref> | ||
# Bread baked by a non-Jewish baker according to Ashkenazim is permitted.<Ref>Rama YD 112:2 based on Tosafot Avoda Zara 35b "michlal", Chochmat Adam 65:2. Shach 112:9, rules that even Ashkenazim hould follow the opinion of Rashba and refrain from eating privately baked bread and from eating pat paltar when there is bread of a Jew available. </ref> | # Bread baked by a non-Jewish baker according to Ashkenazim is permitted.<Ref>Rama YD 112:2 based on Tosafot Avoda Zara 35b "michlal", Chochmat Adam 65:2. Shach 112:9, rules that even Ashkenazim hould follow the opinion of Rashba and refrain from eating privately baked bread and from eating pat paltar when there is bread of a Jew available. </ref> | ||
==What is Included?== | ==What is Included?== | ||
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# Bagels are included in this prohibition and not in the prohibition of food cooked by a non-Jew because even though they are boiled before being baked, they are not made edible by the boiling. <ref> Iggerot Moshe YD 2:33 </ref> | # Bagels are included in this prohibition and not in the prohibition of food cooked by a non-Jew because even though they are boiled before being baked, they are not made edible by the boiling. <ref> Iggerot Moshe YD 2:33 </ref> | ||
==Aseret Yimei Teshuva== | ==Aseret Yimei Teshuva== | ||
# Even one who isn't strict regarding bread baked by a non-Jew (Pat Akum) during the rest of the year should be strict about Pat Akum even bread baked by a baker during [[Aseret Yemei Teshuva]]. <ref> | # Even one who isn't strict regarding bread baked by a non-Jew (Pat Akum) during the rest of the year should be strict about Pat Akum even bread baked by a baker during [[Aseret Yemei Teshuva]]. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 603:1, Mishna Brurah 603:1, Ran Rosh HaShanah 12b, "Garsinan Bayerushalmi", Rama Torat Chatat 75:1 </ref> | ||
==Links== | ==Links== | ||
* [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/764412/Rabbi_Aryeh_Lebowitz/Ten_Minute_Halacha_-_Pas_Paltar_(during_Aseres_Yemei_Teshuva)# Ten Minute Halacha - Pas_Paltar (during_Aseres_Yemei_Teshuva)] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz | * [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/764412/Rabbi_Aryeh_Lebowitz/Ten_Minute_Halacha_-_Pas_Paltar_(during_Aseres_Yemei_Teshuva)# Ten Minute Halacha - Pas_Paltar (during_Aseres_Yemei_Teshuva)] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz | ||
