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Shnayim Mikra V'Echad Targum: Difference between revisions
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==Who is obligated?== | ==Who is obligated?== | ||
# There’s an obligation on every person to read the parsha the Tzibbur is up to twice and targum once called Shenayim Mikrash VeEchad Targum. <ref> Brachot 8a records the obligation and tells us that Rabbi Yehoshua Ben Levi commanded his sons to fulfill it, Mechilta Parshat Bo quoted by Shibolei HaLeket 75 and Bet Yosef 285 tells us Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi commanded his sons to fulfill this obligation before Shabbat lunch, Rashbetz (Brachot 8a) this in name of the Yerushalmi, and the Tosfot and Rosh (Brachot 8b) quote a Midrash. Rambam Tefilah 13:25, S’A 285:1 rules that it’s an obligation. </ref> | # There’s an obligation on every person to read the parsha the Tzibbur is up to twice and targum once called Shenayim Mikrash VeEchad Targum. <ref> Brachot 8a records the obligation and tells us that Rabbi Yehoshua Ben Levi commanded his sons to fulfill it, Mechilta Parshat Bo quoted by Shibolei HaLeket 75 and Bet Yosef 285 tells us Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi commanded his sons to fulfill this obligation before Shabbat lunch, Rashbetz (Brachot 8a) this in name of the Yerushalmi, and the Tosfot and Rosh (Brachot 8b) quote a Midrash. Rambam Tefilah 13:25, S’A 285:1 rules that it’s an obligation. </ref> | ||
# Even someone who is learned and wants to learn Talmud is | # Even someone who is learned and wants to learn Talmud is obligated to read Shanyim Mikrah. <Ref> Chazon Ovadya (Shabbat 1 pg 300) quotes Teshuvot HaGeonim 7 in name of Rabbenu Matatya.</ref> | ||
# Even someone who doesn’t understand what he’s reading is obligated.<Ref> Sh”t Yechava Daat 2:37</ref> | # Even someone who doesn’t understand what he’s reading is obligated.<Ref> Sh”t Yechava Daat 2:37</ref> | ||
# Women are exempt since many hold it’s included in Limud Torah.<Ref> Sh”t Mishna Halachot 6:60.</ref> | # Women are exempt since many hold it’s included in Limud Torah.<Ref> Sh”t Mishna Halachot 6:60.</ref> | ||
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# A mourner within the first 7 days can read it but not with Rashi.<Ref> Sh”t Habit HaYehudi 3:36(15), SH”t Orchot Yosher Y”D 1:28.</ref> | # A mourner within the first 7 days can read it but not with Rashi.<Ref> Sh”t Habit HaYehudi 3:36(15), SH”t Orchot Yosher Y”D 1:28.</ref> | ||
# A teacher who teaches children the parsha and goes over the pesukim a few times he only needs to read targum to fulfill his obligation.<Ref> S”A 285:6, Mishna Brurah 285:16, Kaf Hachiam 285:32 adds that according Kabbalah it’s better to read it again all together without a break</ref> | # A teacher who teaches children the parsha and goes over the pesukim a few times he only needs to read targum to fulfill his obligation.<Ref> S”A 285:6, Mishna Brurah 285:16, Kaf Hachiam 285:32 adds that according Kabbalah it’s better to read it again all together without a break</ref> | ||
==What pesukim and what Targum?== | ==What pesukim and what Targum?== | ||
# The Targum Unkelos we have which includes a Targum of every pasuk can be used even for pesukim that are just names or places.<Ref>chot 8a says that one should also read the pesukim of just names such as “Atarot VeDevon”. Rashi explains that the pasuk chosen by the gemara has a targum but isn’t so well know, the targum Yerushalmi. On these pesukim one should still read it twice with targum rather than reading it three times without targum. So writes the Talmedei Rabbenu Yonah, Ravyah (Brachot 22), Mordechai (Brachot 1:17), Tashbetz 184, Orchot Chaim pg 64b:3, Kol Bo 37, and Leket Yosher pg 55. Since nowadays our Targum is the Mechlalta UMalbusta which is a derivative of Targum Yerushalmi one should read the Targum for the third time. so holds the Badei Shulchan 10b:1, Rabbenu BeChay (end of Matot), and Elfasi Zuta (Brachot 8b).</ref> | # The Targum Unkelos we have which includes a Targum of every pasuk can be used even for pesukim that are just names or places.<Ref>chot 8a says that one should also read the pesukim of just names such as “Atarot VeDevon”. Rashi explains that the pasuk chosen by the gemara has a targum but isn’t so well know, the targum Yerushalmi. On these pesukim one should still read it twice with targum rather than reading it three times without targum. So writes the Talmedei Rabbenu Yonah, Ravyah (Brachot 22), Mordechai (Brachot 1:17), Tashbetz 184, Orchot Chaim pg 64b:3, Kol Bo 37, and Leket Yosher pg 55. Since nowadays our Targum is the Mechlalta UMalbusta which is a derivative of Targum Yerushalmi one should read the Targum for the third time. so holds the Badei Shulchan 10b:1, Rabbenu BeChay (end of Matot), and Elfasi Zuta (Brachot 8b).</ref> | ||
