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Shnayim Mikra V'Echad Targum: Difference between revisions
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# One is allowed to read the Shenayim Mikra along with the Shliach Tzibbur during Torah reading word by word and fulfill one’s obligation. Some say that this is Lechatchila, while others hold that this is only for Shat HaDachak. <Ref> Perisha writes that by reading the parsha word by word with the Shliach Tzibbur one fulfills one time of reading the parsha. This is brought as Halacha in Aruch HaShulchan 285:3. </ref> | # One is allowed to read the Shenayim Mikra along with the Shliach Tzibbur during Torah reading word by word and fulfill one’s obligation. Some say that this is Lechatchila, while others hold that this is only for Shat HaDachak. <Ref> Perisha writes that by reading the parsha word by word with the Shliach Tzibbur one fulfills one time of reading the parsha. This is brought as Halacha in Aruch HaShulchan 285:3. </ref> | ||
# Some say that one fulfills his obligation with listening to someone else read Shenayim Mikra. <Ref> Shaarei Teshuva 285:6 quotes the Radvaz who says that listening to someone else read Shenayim Mikra fulfills the obligation if one had kavana for the words. </ref> | # Some say that one fulfills his obligation with listening to someone else read Shenayim Mikra. <Ref> Shaarei Teshuva 285:6 quotes the Radvaz who says that listening to someone else read Shenayim Mikra fulfills the obligation if one had kavana for the words. </ref> | ||
# Lechatchila, one should read a pasuk twice and it’s Targum but if one read the whole parsha then the Targum one has fulfilled his obligation.<Ref> Chazon Ovadya ([[Shabbat]] 1 pg 301-2). Sefer Itim pg 244 says one should read it pasuk by pasuk. Leket yosher pg 54 says if one doesn’t have targum he can read the whole parsha twice and do targum when he finds Targum. Shelah writes that some read it pasuk by pasuk and some read the whole parsha twice and then the Targum and he prefers reading one paragraph at a time and then doing the Targum on that. So was the practice of the Gra (HaMaaseh Rav 60). However the Arizal (Shaare Kavanot 62a) would read it pasuk by pasuk. | # Lechatchila, one should read a pasuk twice and it’s Targum but if one read the whole parsha then the Targum one has fulfilled his obligation.<Ref> Chazon Ovadya ([[Shabbat]] 1 pg 301-2). Sefer Itim pg 244 says one should read it pasuk by pasuk. Leket yosher pg 54 says if one doesn’t have targum he can read the whole parsha twice and do targum when he finds Targum. Shelah writes that some read it pasuk by pasuk and some read the whole parsha twice and then the Targum and he prefers reading one paragraph at a time and then doing the Targum on that. So was the practice of the Gra (HaMaaseh Rav 60). However the Arizal (Shaare Kavanot 62a) would read it pasuk by pasuk. Magan Avraham 285:1, Maharam MeRutenberg (Pesakim VeMinahgim, Mehura HaRav Kahana pg 217), and Chida in Machzik Bracha 285:10 agree.</ref> | ||
# One shouldn’t read Targum and then the pasuk twice and not the pasuk, the Targum and then the pasuk, however bedieved if one did the pasuk, Targum and the pasuk he fulfills his obligation.<Ref> Mishna Brurah 285:6 says one shouldn’t say targum and then the pasuk twice. Kiseh Eliyahu 285:1, Kaf HaChaim 285:6 say one shouldn’t say the pasuk, targum, and then the pasuk. However bedieved one fulfills his requirement so holds Shaare Tzion 285:10, Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 16:18, Sh”t Beir Moshe 8:3, Sh”t Rivivot Efraim 5:216</ref> | # One shouldn’t read Targum and then the pasuk twice and not the pasuk, the Targum and then the pasuk, however bedieved if one did the pasuk, Targum and the pasuk he fulfills his obligation.<Ref> Mishna Brurah 285:6 says one shouldn’t say targum and then the pasuk twice. Kiseh Eliyahu 285:1, Kaf HaChaim 285:6 say one shouldn’t say the pasuk, targum, and then the pasuk. However bedieved one fulfills his requirement so holds Shaare Tzion 285:10, Sh”t Tzitz Eliezer 16:18, Sh”t Beir Moshe 8:3, and Sh”t Rivivot Efraim 5:216. </ref> | ||
# One should read it with the tune of Torah reading but Targum shouldn’t be read with a tune. One fulfills his obligation bedieved if he read it without a tune<Ref> Sh”t Torah Lishma 406, Kaf Hachaim 132:6, 285:12-13, in 285:4 he writes in name of Maggid Mesharim one should say it slowly and carefully. Sh”t Teshuvot Vehanhagot 2:204 says bedieved one fulfills his obligation.</ref> | # One should read it with the tune of Torah reading but Targum shouldn’t be read with a tune. One fulfills his obligation bedieved if he read it without a tune<Ref> Sh”t Torah Lishma 406, Kaf Hachaim 132:6, 285:12-13, in 285:4 he writes in name of Maggid Mesharim one should say it slowly and carefully. Sh”t Teshuvot Vehanhagot 2:204 says bedieved one fulfills his obligation.</ref> | ||
# Someone who owns a Sefer Torah and knows how to read it with the tune and pronunciations should read it from a Sefer Torah. If one doesn’t know the correct way to read it well it’s preferable to read it from a Chumash that has Tamim and Nekudot.<Ref> Chazon Ovadya ([[Shabbat]] 1 pg 302-3)</ref> | # Someone who owns a Sefer Torah and knows how to read it with the tune and pronunciations should read it from a Sefer Torah. If one doesn’t know the correct way to read it well it’s preferable to read it from a Chumash that has Tamim and Nekudot.<Ref> Chazon Ovadya ([[Shabbat]] 1 pg 302-3)</ref> | ||
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# One should repeat the last pasuk again after finishing the targum in order to end with mikra. <ref> Magen Avraham 285:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:11, Aruch HaShulchan 285:6. Even though [http://www.torah.org/advanced/weekly-halacha/5772/shemos.html Rabbi Nuestadt in Weekly Halachic Discussions] quotes Magen Avraham 285:8 it should be 285:1. </ref> Some have the practice to repeat the last pasuk of the parsha twice without Targum (after having finished the whole parsha Shnayim Mikrah VeChad Targum). <Ref> Kaf Hachaim Palagi 27:3, Chida in Morah BeEtzba 4:131</ref> | # One should repeat the last pasuk again after finishing the targum in order to end with mikra. <ref> Magen Avraham 285:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:11, Aruch HaShulchan 285:6. Even though [http://www.torah.org/advanced/weekly-halacha/5772/shemos.html Rabbi Nuestadt in Weekly Halachic Discussions] quotes Magen Avraham 285:8 it should be 285:1. </ref> Some have the practice to repeat the last pasuk of the parsha twice without Targum (after having finished the whole parsha Shnayim Mikrah VeChad Targum). <Ref> Kaf Hachaim Palagi 27:3, Chida in Morah BeEtzba 4:131</ref> | ||
==Earliest and latest time== | ==Earliest and latest time== | ||
# One can begin to read the weekly Parsha | # One can begin to read the weekly Parsha once the congregation (Tzibbur) read the Parsha at Shabbat Mincha. <Ref> Rama (Darchei Moshe 285:1) quotes a dispute between the Mordechai who says one can begin to read Shenayim Mikra from mincha of Shabbat when the congregation begins to read that parsha and the Kol Bo who argues that one can not read it then because earlier that day the congregation read the previous parsha. S”A 285:3 writes that one can start on Sunday. S"A Harav 285:5 and Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:11 agree. The Mishna Brurah 285:7 explains that the language of Shulchan Aruch is imprecise and really one is permitted to start once the Tzibbur began reading the Parsha at [[Shabbat]] Mincha. Shaar HaTzion 285:12 notes that the opinion of the Kol Bo is a minority opinion. Kaf HaChaim 285:24 seems to agree. See Sh”t Yaskil Avdi O”C 5:39 and Sh”t Asse Lecha Rav 7:16. </ref> | ||
# Some have the practice to do the Shenayim Mikrah on Friday afternoon. <Ref> Kitzur S”A 72:11. Orchot Rabbenu (pg 123) writes the minhag of the Stiepler was to read it once on Friday afternoon and once with the Bal Koreh. </ref> | # Some have the practice to do the Shenayim Mikrah on Friday afternoon. <Ref> Kitzur S”A 72:11. Orchot Rabbenu (pg 123) writes the minhag of the Stiepler was to read it once on Friday afternoon and once with the Bal Koreh. </ref> | ||
# One should finish Shenayim Mikra VeEchad Targum by [[Shabbat]] lunch. <ref> Chayei Adam Shabbos 7:9, S"A HaRav 285:5, Aruch Hashulchan 285:8, Mishna Berura 285:9 and Biur Halacha "yashlim." The Shla quoted by the Magen Avraham 285:5-6 and the Arizal quoted by the Shaare Teshuva 285:1 say that one should finish by friday. </ref> If one didn’t complete it by lunch time one shouldn't delay lunch for Shnayim Mikrah rather one should finish it by Mincha of [[Shabbat]]. If one didn’t complete it by then one can fulfill it until Tuesday night. Some hold one can even complete it by that year’s Shemini Esret. <Ref> S”A 285:4, Mishna Brurah 285:9. See Kaf Chaim Palagi 27:4, Ben Ish Chai Lech Lecha 14. | # One should finish Shenayim Mikra VeEchad Targum by [[Shabbat]] lunch. <ref> Chayei Adam Shabbos 7:9, S"A HaRav 285:5, Aruch Hashulchan 285:8, Mishna Berura 285:9 and Biur Halacha "yashlim." The Shla quoted by the Magen Avraham 285:5-6 and the Arizal quoted by the Shaare Teshuva 285:1 say that one should finish by friday. </ref> If one didn’t complete it by lunch time one shouldn't delay lunch for Shnayim Mikrah rather one should finish it by Mincha of [[Shabbat]]. If one didn’t complete it by then one can fulfill it until Tuesday night. Some hold one can even complete it by that year’s Shemini Esret. <Ref> S”A 285:4, Mishna Brurah 285:9. See Kaf Chaim Palagi 27:4, Ben Ish Chai Lech Lecha 14. There are many opinions as to what is meant by until mincha. | ||
There are many opinions as to what is meant by until mincha. | *Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halichot Shlomo, Tefilla 12:35) and Rav Chaim Kanievsky (quoted in Halichot Chaim v. 1, p. 95) say that one can recite it until he prays mincha. | ||
*Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halichot Shlomo, Tefilla 12:35) and Rav Chaim Kanievsky (quoted in Halichot Chaim 1 | |||
*Shmirat Shabbat Kihilchata (2:42:footnote 218) says you can say it until the time of mincha gedola. | *Shmirat Shabbat Kihilchata (2:42:footnote 218) says you can say it until the time of mincha gedola. | ||
*Rav Avraham Chaim Naeh (Ketzot Hashulchan 72: Badei Hashulchan 7) says you can recite it until mincha is recited in the shul. The | *Rav Avraham Chaim Naeh (Ketzot Hashulchan 72: Badei Hashulchan 7) says you can recite it until mincha is recited in the shul. | ||
# The Shenayim Mikra VeChad Targum of Parshat Vezot Habracha should be read on Hoshana Rabba. However, if one read it on Shemini Esret one also fulfills the obligation. <Ref> The Chida in Birkei Yosef 285:4, Ben Ish Chai (Vezot Habracha 1:15), and Mishna Brurah 285:18 write that while it's preferable to read the Shenayim Mikra of Vezot HaBracha on Hoshana Rabba, it may also be read on Shemini Aseret. The Piskei Teshuvot 285:4 quotes the Sh"t Kaneh Beshem 1:16 who holds that if one read it prior to Hoshana Rabba one hasn't fulfilled his obligation. However, the Dvir Hakadosh (Siman 23 | *The Chazon Ish (cited in Orchos Rabbeinu 3: page 234) held that you should finish by the time you eat seudat shlishit. </ref> | ||
# The Shenayim Mikra VeChad Targum of Parshat Vezot Habracha should be read on Hoshana Rabba. However, if one read it on Shemini Esret one also fulfills the obligation. <Ref> The Chida in Birkei Yosef 285:4, Ben Ish Chai (Vezot Habracha 1:15), and Mishna Brurah 285:18 write that while it's preferable to read the Shenayim Mikra of Vezot HaBracha on Hoshana Rabba, it may also be read on Shemini Aseret. The Piskei Teshuvot 285:4 quotes the Sh"t Kaneh Beshem 1:16 who holds that if one read it prior to Hoshana Rabba one hasn't fulfilled his obligation. However, the Dvir Hakadosh (Siman 23:4, p. 124) argues that according to Tosfot one should be able to read it from the first time we read it on [[Shabbat]] mincha. </ref> | |||
# Someone for whom it’s difficult to read it on Friday or [[Shabbat]] have those to rely to say it Friday night.<Ref> Sh”t Yabea Omer O”C 6:30(5), Sh"t Yitzchak Yiranen 1:29. </ref> | # Someone for whom it’s difficult to read it on Friday or [[Shabbat]] have those to rely to say it Friday night.<Ref> Sh”t Yabea Omer O”C 6:30(5), Sh"t Yitzchak Yiranen 1:29. </ref> | ||
# If one misses a week one should read the previous Parsha's Shenayim Mikra and then the current weeks Parsha. <Ref> Sh”t Bear Moshe 5:79 writes that if one misses a week one should read the previous Parsha's Shenayim Mikra and then the current weeks Parsha. Rav Shlomo Zalman Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah 12:36), Ketzos haShulchan 72:9, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]], vol 1, pg 314), and [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2057 Daily Halacha (by Rabbi Mansour)] agree. However, Sh”t Yitzchak Yiranen 1:32 says one can make up a parsha out of order. Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah 12:37) adds that if one did begin the current week's parsha before one finished the previous one, one may finish it.</ref> | # If one misses a week one should read the previous Parsha's Shenayim Mikra and then the current weeks Parsha. <Ref> Sh”t Bear Moshe 5:79 writes that if one misses a week one should read the previous Parsha's Shenayim Mikra and then the current weeks Parsha. Rav Shlomo Zalman Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah 12:36), Ketzos haShulchan 72:9, Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]], vol 1, pg 314), and [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=2057 Daily Halacha (by Rabbi Mansour)] agree. However, Sh”t Yitzchak Yiranen 1:32 says one can make up a parsha out of order. Halichot Shlomo (Tefillah 12:37) adds that if one did begin the current week's parsha before one finished the previous one, one may finish it.</ref> | ||
