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Shinui Makom: Difference between revisions
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==Which changes are considered a Shinui Makom?== | ==Which changes are considered a Shinui Makom?== | ||
===Cases of Shinui Makom=== | ===Cases of Shinui Makom=== | ||
# Leaving a house or going from one house to another is considered a Shinui Makom. Therefore, if one ate something in one house, one should make a new [[Bracha Rishona]] if one eats another time in the second house or even if one returned back to the first house. Even if one only left for a second it’s considered a Shinui. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) </ref> | # Leaving a house or going from one house to another is considered a Shinui Makom. Therefore, if one ate something in one house, one should make a new [[Bracha Rishona]] if one eats another time in the second house or even if one returned back to the first house. Even if one only left for a second it’s considered a Shinui. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) </ref> When exiting a house, even if one only goes through the opening of the door and comes back in, this is considered a shinui makom.<ref>S.A 178:1 </ref> | ||
# Moving from one apartment with one owner to another apartment of another owner is considered a Shinui Makom even if they are both in one [[building]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) in name of Rav Elyashiv, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, and Rav Sheinburg </ref> | # Moving from one apartment with one owner to another apartment of another owner is considered a Shinui Makom even if they are both in one [[building]]. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) in name of Rav Elyashiv, Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, and Rav Sheinburg </ref> | ||
# Moving in an open area outdoors is considered a Shinui Makom if now it’s impossible to see the place from where one started, whether it’s because of distance or because of an interruption. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 178:25, Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6) </ref> | # Moving in an open area outdoors is considered a Shinui Makom if now it’s impossible to see the place from where one started, whether it’s because of distance or because of an interruption. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 178:25, Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# Moving from a car to an enclosed area outdoor or house or vise versa is considered a Shinui Makom. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 58, chapter 6) </ref> | # Moving from a car to an enclosed area outdoor or house or vise versa is considered a Shinui Makom. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 58, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# Moving from a [[Sukkah]] to the house, if the [[Sukkah]] is not connected to the house, then it is considered like moving from one house to another and is a shinui makom. However, if it is connected to the house then it's like going from one room to another and isn't a shinui makom. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 58, chapter 6) </ref> According to Sephardim, one may move between the [[Sukkah]] and the kitchen in order to get food and it is not considered a shinui makom. <ref>Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] pg 215) </ref> | # Moving from a [[Sukkah]] to the house, if the [[Sukkah]] is not connected to the house, then it is considered like moving from one house to another and is a shinui makom. However, if it is connected to the house then it's like going from one room to another and isn't a shinui makom. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 58, chapter 6) </ref> According to Sephardim, one may move between the [[Sukkah]] and the kitchen in order to get food and it is not considered a shinui makom. <ref>Yalkut Yosef ([[Brachot]] pg 215) </ref> | ||
===Cases that are not Shinui Makom=== | ===Cases that are not Shinui Makom=== | ||
# Moving from corner to corner in one room isn’t considered a Shinui Makom even if one can’t see from one corner to the other. <Ref>S”A 178:1, Mishna Brurah 178:9,23 Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) </ref> | # Moving from corner to corner in one room isn’t considered a Shinui Makom even if one can’t see from one corner to the other. <Ref>S”A 178:1, Mishna Brurah 178:9, 23 Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# Moving in an open area outdoors is not considered a Shinui Makom if it’s still possible to see the place from where one started. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 178:25, Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6) </ref> | # Moving in an open area outdoors is not considered a Shinui Makom if it’s still possible to see the place from where one started. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 178:25, Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# Moving in an enclosed area outdoors (like a fenced in area) is not considered a Shinui Makom even if one can’t see place from where one started. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 178:25, Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6), see there what he quotes in name of Rav Elyashiv regarding an enclosure of an eruv of [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | # Moving in an enclosed area outdoors (like a fenced in area) is not considered a Shinui Makom even if one can’t see the place from where one started. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 178:25, Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6), see there what he quotes in name of Rav Elyashiv regarding an enclosure of an eruv of [[Shabbat]]. </ref> | ||
===Cases that are in doubt and are preferable to avoid=== | ===Cases that are in doubt and are preferable to avoid=== | ||
# In the first place one may not switch from place to place from room to room under one roof (unless one had intention originally or can see from room to room) | # In the first place one may not switch from place to place from room to room under one roof (unless one had intention originally or can see from room to room). However, after the fact it is not considered a Shinui Makom. <Ref> Beiur Halacha 178:1 s.v. Bayit, Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6). [See the Beiur Halacha who writes that those who commonly move from room to room have what to rely on.] </ref> | ||
# Moving from an apartment to the stairwell of the [[building]] is a dispute and certainly in the first place one shouldn’t move from an apartment to a stairwell. After the fact, one shouldn’t consider it as a Shinui Makom that would require a new Bracha. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) brings a dispute between Rav Elyashiv and Rav Shlomo Zalman and concludes that one shouldn’t move there while eating, however after the fact one shouldn’t make a new Bracha, yet it’s preferable to leave the [[building]] to require a new Bracha according to all opinions. </ref> | # Moving from an apartment to the stairwell of the [[building]] is a dispute and certainly in the first place one shouldn’t move from an apartment to a stairwell. After the fact, one shouldn’t consider it as a Shinui Makom that would require a new Bracha. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) brings a dispute between Rav Elyashiv and Rav Shlomo Zalman and concludes that one shouldn’t move there while eating, however after the fact one shouldn’t make a new Bracha, yet it’s preferable to leave the [[building]] to require a new Bracha according to all opinions. </ref> | ||
# Moving from an apartment to the porch which is roofed is considered like moving from room to room and should be avoided but after the fact isn’t a Shinui Makom. However, going to a porch that’s unroofed is a dispute and one should certainly not change places to there, however, after the fact it isn’t considered a Shinui Makom. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 56- | # Moving from an apartment to the porch which is roofed is considered like moving from room to room and should be avoided but after the fact isn’t a Shinui Makom. However, going to a porch that’s unroofed is a dispute and one should certainly not change places to there, however, after the fact it isn’t considered a Shinui Makom. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 56-7 chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# Moving to a courtyard or backyard is considered a Shinui Makom unless the courtyard is used frequently just like a room in the house then it’s considered moving from room to room which shouldn’t be done initially but after the fact isn’t a Shinui Makom. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6) </ref> | # Moving to a courtyard or backyard is considered a Shinui Makom unless the courtyard is used frequently just like a room in the house then it’s considered moving from room to room which shouldn’t be done initially but after the fact isn’t a Shinui Makom. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# Moving from standing under one tree to standing under another tree is a dispute and should be avoided, however, after the fact, it’s not a Shinui Makom. <Ref>S”A 178:3, Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6) </ref> | # Moving from standing under one tree to standing under another tree is a dispute and should be avoided, however, after the fact, it’s not a Shinui Makom. <Ref>S”A 178:3, Vezot HaBracha (pg 57, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
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# Amongst Sephardim having intent to move houses during a meal is discouraged and even if one has intent to move during the meal one shouldn't do so initially.<ref>[http://ph.yhb.org.il/10-03-11/ Peninei Halacha] cites the Ben Ish Chai (Bahalotcha n. 2) as saying that having intent to move during the meal is sufficient, however, Yalkut Yosef 178:1 argues. </ref> However, even according to Sephardim, if one started one's meal on the doorstep as if he was ready to leave the house, he may move during the meal since he didn't establish a place for his meal.<ref>Or Letzion 2:12:15</ref> | # Amongst Sephardim having intent to move houses during a meal is discouraged and even if one has intent to move during the meal one shouldn't do so initially.<ref>[http://ph.yhb.org.il/10-03-11/ Peninei Halacha] cites the Ben Ish Chai (Bahalotcha n. 2) as saying that having intent to move during the meal is sufficient, however, Yalkut Yosef 178:1 argues. </ref> However, even according to Sephardim, if one started one's meal on the doorstep as if he was ready to leave the house, he may move during the meal since he didn't establish a place for his meal.<ref>Or Letzion 2:12:15</ref> | ||
==If one left friends== | ===If one left friends=== | ||
# If one ate together with friends (any food or drink) in the place where one ate (assuming they are eating together unlike a restaurant where everyone is separate) when one returns no new [[Bracha Rishona]] is needed. <ref>S”A 178:2, Mishna Brurah 178:14,18,27 </ref> | # If one ate together with friends (any food or drink) in the place where one ate (assuming they are eating together unlike a restaurant where everyone is separate) when one returns no new [[Bracha Rishona]] is needed. <ref>S”A 178:2, Mishna Brurah 178:14,18,27 </ref> | ||
# Even one person and even a child suffice for this purpose. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 178:14, Vezot HaBracha (pg 61) in name of Rav Sheinburg </ref> | # Even one person and even a child suffice for this purpose. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 178:14, Vezot HaBracha (pg 61) in name of Rav Sheinburg </ref> | ||
==Eating on the walk== | ===Eating on the walk=== | ||
# If one eats on the walk or if one is about to leave the house and one plans on eating while walking one doesn’t need a new Bracha even if one walks into a house and continues eating there. <Ref>S”A 178:4, Vezot HaBracha (pg 62, chapter 5) </ref> | # If one eats on the walk or if one is about to leave the house and one plans on eating while walking one doesn’t need a new Bracha even if one walks into a house and continues eating there. <Ref>S”A 178:4, Vezot HaBracha (pg 62, chapter 5) </ref> | ||
# If one began eating in the car and one can continue outside the car without a new Bracha because it’s considered eating on the walk. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 62, chapter 5) </ref> | # If one began eating in the car and one can continue outside the car without a new Bracha because it’s considered eating on the walk. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 62, chapter 5) </ref> | ||
==Eating continuously== | ===Eating continuously=== | ||
# If one ate continuously even if one didn’t have in mind to change places, one doesn’t need a new Bracha upon changing places. For example, if one left the house with a candy in his mouth no new Bracha is needed. <ref>Sh”t Igrot Moshe OC 2:57, Vezot HaBracha (pg 62, chapter 6) </ref> | # If one ate continuously even if one didn’t have in mind to change places, one doesn’t need a new Bracha upon changing places. For example, if one left the house with a candy in his mouth no new Bracha is needed. <ref>Sh”t Igrot Moshe OC 2:57, Vezot HaBracha (pg 62, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# Additionally, if one ate within interruption such as if one ate chips without an break of [[Toch Kedi Dibbur]] (2-3 sec), however, in this case if one changed places (left the house) it’s preferable to make an interruption and make a new Bracha. . <ref>Sh”t Igrot Moshe OC 2:57, Vezot HaBracha (pg 62, chapter 6) </ref> | # Additionally, if one ate within interruption such as if one ate chips without an break of [[Toch Kedi Dibbur]] (2-3 sec), however, in this case if one changed places (left the house) it’s preferable to make an interruption and make a new Bracha. . <ref>Sh”t Igrot Moshe OC 2:57, Vezot HaBracha (pg 62, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
==Which Foods does Shinui Makom apply to?== | ==Which Foods does Shinui Makom apply to?== | ||
# If one had a [[Kezayit]] of bread there’s no Shinui Makom whether one leaves that place and returns or if one leaves that place and goes to another place, no new [[Bracha Rishona]] is needed. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | # If one had a [[Kezayit]] of bread there’s no Shinui Makom whether one leaves that place and returns or if one leaves that place and goes to another place, no new [[Bracha Rishona]] is needed. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6), Rama 178:2 </ref> | ||
# Even by bread, initially, one may not move from house to house unless one had intent to do so from the beginning. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | # Even by bread, initially, one may not move from house to house unless one had intent to do so from the beginning. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# If one had less than a [[Kezayit]] of bread, [[Mezonot]], or Shivat HaMinim (grapes, figs, pomegranates, olives, dates) it’s like all other foods and if one changes places a new Bracha would be required. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | # If one had less than a [[Kezayit]] of bread, [[Mezonot]], or Shivat HaMinim (grapes, figs, pomegranates, olives, dates) it’s like all other foods and if one changes places a new Bracha would be required. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# Even by bread, initially one may not make a Shinui for an extended period of time because one may forget to return and make Birkat haMazon, however, it’s permissible to make a Shinui for a short time. In order to perform a mitzvah, it’s permissible to leave the area for a long time, however, one should make sure not to forget the [[Bracha Achrona]] within Shuir Ikul. If one is afraid that one will forget, then one should make the [[Bracha Achrona]] before moving to the other place. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 61, chapter 6) </ref> | # Even by bread, initially one may not make a Shinui for an extended period of time because one may forget to return and make Birkat haMazon, however, it’s permissible to make a Shinui for a short time. In order to perform a mitzvah, it’s permissible to leave the area for a long time, however, one should make sure not to forget the [[Bracha Achrona]] within Shuir Ikul. If one is afraid that one will forget, then one should make the [[Bracha Achrona]] before moving to the other place. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 61, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# If one had a [[Kezayit]] of [[Mezonot]] or the other Shivat HaMinim (7 Species of which [[Israel]] is praised), initially one should be careful not to make a Shinui, and if one needs to leave, then one should make a [[Bracha Achrona]] on that which one ate, move places, and then make a new [[Bracha Rishona]]. However, after the fact (that one didn’t make a [[Bracha Achrona]]), no new Bracha is needed. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 59-60, chapter 6) </ref> | # If one had a [[Kezayit]] of [[Mezonot]] or the other Shivat HaMinim (7 Species of which [[Israel]] is praised), initially one should be careful not to make a Shinui, and if one needs to leave, then one should make a [[Bracha Achrona]] on that which one ate, move places, and then make a new [[Bracha Rishona]]. However, after the fact (that one didn’t make a [[Bracha Achrona]]), no new Bracha is needed. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 59-60, chapter 6) <br /> | ||
S.A 678:5 quotes the Rambam and the Rashbam that all shivat haminim (including Ha’motzi and Mezonot foods) require a bracha achrona in their place. However, the S.A also cites the Rosh that only grain products (both Ha’motzi and Mezonot) require a bracha achrona in their place. The Rama however holds that only bread requires a bracha achrona in its place. The M.B 178:5 quotes achronim who write that one should be stringent even regarding the shivat haminim to return to one’s place to bentch on these foods. However, the M.B also quotes the Gra who holds that only for grain products must one return to his original place. </ref> | |||
==If one made a Shinui Makom== | ==If one made a Shinui Makom== | ||
# The result of a Shinui Makom is only that one must make a new [[Bracha Rishona]] but it does not effect the [[Bracha Achrona]] and so if one ate fruit and then changed places only a new [[Bracha Rishona]] is required. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | # The result of a Shinui Makom is only that one must make a new [[Bracha Rishona]] but it does not effect the [[Bracha Achrona]] and so if one ate fruit and then changed places only a new [[Bracha Rishona]] is required. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
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# If one started a meal in one area and then ate somewhere else one may make [[Birkat HaMazon]] in that second place. <Ref>Halichot Olam (vol 2, pg 41), Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 218) </ref> | # If one started a meal in one area and then ate somewhere else one may make [[Birkat HaMazon]] in that second place. <Ref>Halichot Olam (vol 2, pg 41), Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 218) </ref> | ||
# If one ate in one place and then intentionally left that place to make [[Birkat HaMazon]] one must return to the first place in order to make [[Birkat HaMazon]], however, if one left the first place unintentionally one isn’t obligated to return, yet one who does shall be blessed. <Ref>Halichot Olam (vol 2, pg 41), Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 218) </ref> | # If one ate in one place and then intentionally left that place to make [[Birkat HaMazon]] one must return to the first place in order to make [[Birkat HaMazon]], however, if one left the first place unintentionally one isn’t obligated to return, yet one who does shall be blessed. <Ref>Halichot Olam (vol 2, pg 41), Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 218) </ref> | ||
==Links== | |||
* [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/738652/Rabbi_Aryeh_Lebowitz/Ten_Minute_Halacha_-_Shinuy_Makom_and_Berachos Ten Minute Halacha - Shinuy Makom and Berachos] by Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz | |||
* Article on [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/712016/Rabbi_Josh_Flug/Shinui_Makom:_The_Mobility_of_a_Beracha Shinui Makom: The Mobility of a Beracha] by Rabbi Josh Flug | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Brachot]] | [[Category:Brachot]] | ||
