Shinui Makom: Difference between revisions
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===Cases that are in doubt and are preferable to avoid=== | ===Cases that are in doubt and are preferable to avoid=== | ||
# In the first place one may not switch from place to place from room to room under one roof (unless one had intention originally or can see from room to room). However, after the fact it is not considered a Shinui Makom. <Ref> Beiur Halacha 178:1 s.v. Bayit, Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6). [See the Beiur Halacha who writes that those who commonly move from room to room have what to rely on.] Tosfot Pesachim 101b s.v. elah holds that changing from room to room is a shinuy makom.</ref> | # In the first place one may not switch from place to place from room to room under one roof (unless one had intention originally or can see from room to room). However, after the fact it is not considered a Shinui Makom. <Ref> Beiur Halacha 178:1 s.v. Bayit, Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6). [See the Beiur Halacha who writes that those who commonly move from room to room have what to rely on.] Tosfot Pesachim 101b s.v. elah holds that changing from room to room is a shinuy makom. This is also the opinion of the Rambam Brachot 4:5, Rosh Pesachim 1:6, and Tur 178:1.</ref> | ||
# Moving from an apartment to the stairwell of the [[building]] is a dispute and certainly in the first place one shouldn’t move from an apartment to a stairwell. After the fact, one shouldn’t consider it as a Shinui Makom that would require a new Bracha. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) brings a dispute between Rav Elyashiv and Rav Shlomo Zalman and concludes that one shouldn’t move there while eating, however, after the fact one shouldn’t make a new Bracha, yet it’s preferable to leave the [[building]] to require a new Bracha according to all opinions. </ref> | # Moving from an apartment to the stairwell of the [[building]] is a dispute and certainly in the first place one shouldn’t move from an apartment to a stairwell. After the fact, one shouldn’t consider it as a Shinui Makom that would require a new Bracha. <Ref> Vezot HaBracha (pg 56, chapter 6) brings a dispute between Rav Elyashiv and Rav Shlomo Zalman and concludes that one shouldn’t move there while eating, however, after the fact one shouldn’t make a new Bracha, yet it’s preferable to leave the [[building]] to require a new Bracha according to all opinions. </ref> | ||
# Moving from an apartment to the porch which is roofed is considered like moving from room to room and should be avoided but after the fact isn’t a Shinui Makom. However, going to a porch that’s unroofed is a dispute and one should certainly not change places to there, however, after the fact it isn’t considered a Shinui Makom. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 56-7 chapter 6) </ref> | # Moving from an apartment to the porch which is roofed is considered like moving from room to room and should be avoided but after the fact isn’t a Shinui Makom. However, going to a porch that’s unroofed is a dispute and one should certainly not change places to there, however, after the fact it isn’t considered a Shinui Makom. <Ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 56-7 chapter 6) </ref> | ||
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==Which Foods does Shinui Makom apply to?== | ==Which Foods does Shinui Makom apply to?== | ||
# If one had a [[Kezayit]] of bread there’s no Shinui Makom whether one leaves that place and returns or if one leaves that place and goes to another place, no new [[Bracha Rishona]] is needed. <ref>Rav Chisda in Pesachim 101b, Rama O.C. 178:2, Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6). Do we follow Rav Chisda or Rav Sheshet? Tosfot Pesachim 101b s.v. elah rules like Rav Chisda, | # If one had a [[Kezayit]] of bread there’s no Shinui Makom whether one leaves that place and returns or if one leaves that place and goes to another place, no new [[Bracha Rishona]] is needed. <ref>Rav Chisda in Pesachim 101b, Rama O.C. 178:2, Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6). Do we follow Rav Chisda or Rav Sheshet? Tosfot Pesachim 101b s.v. elah rules like Rav Chisda. Rosh Pesachim 1:6 agrees. On the other hand, Rabbenu Chananel 102a rules like Rav Sheshet. Rif Pesachim 20b, Rambam Brachot 4:4 (as per Kesef Mishna there), and Baal Hameor 20b concur with Rabbenu Chananel.</ref> Even by bread, initially, one may not move from house to house unless one had intent to do so from the beginning. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# If one had less than a [[Kezayit]] of bread, [[Mezonot]], or Shivat HaMinim (grapes, figs, pomegranates, olives, dates) it’s like all other foods and if one changes places a new Bracha would be required. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | # If one had less than a [[Kezayit]] of bread, [[Mezonot]], or Shivat HaMinim (grapes, figs, pomegranates, olives, dates) it’s like all other foods and if one changes places a new Bracha would be required. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# Even by bread, initially one may not make a Shinui for an extended period of time because one may forget to return and make Birkat haMazon, however, it’s permissible to make a Shinui for a short time. In order to perform a mitzvah, it’s permissible to leave the area for a long time, however, one should make sure not to forget the [[Bracha Achrona]] within Shuir Ikul. If one is afraid that one will forget, then one should make the [[Bracha Achrona]] before moving to the other place. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 61, chapter 6) </ref> | # Even by bread, initially one may not make a Shinui for an extended period of time because one may forget to return and make Birkat haMazon, however, it’s permissible to make a Shinui for a short time. In order to perform a mitzvah, it’s permissible to leave the area for a long time, however, one should make sure not to forget the [[Bracha Achrona]] within Shuir Ikul. If one is afraid that one will forget, then one should make the [[Bracha Achrona]] before moving to the other place. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 61, chapter 6) </ref> | ||
# If one had a [[Kezayit]] of [[Mezonot]] or the other Shivat HaMinim (7 Species of which [[Israel]] is praised), initially one should be careful not to make a Shinui, and if one needs to leave, then one should make a [[Bracha Achrona]] on that which one ate, move places, and then make a new [[Bracha Rishona]]. However, after the fact (that one didn’t make a [[Bracha Achrona]]), no new Bracha is needed. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 59-60, chapter 6) <br /> | # If one had a [[Kezayit]] of [[Mezonot]] or the other Shivat HaMinim (7 Species of which [[Israel]] is praised), initially one should be careful not to make a Shinui, and if one needs to leave, then one should make a [[Bracha Achrona]] on that which one ate, move places, and then make a new [[Bracha Rishona]]. However, after the fact (that one didn’t make a [[Bracha Achrona]]), no new Bracha is needed. <ref>Vezot HaBracha (pg 59-60, chapter 6) <br /> | ||
Shulchan Aruch O.C. 678:5 quotes the Rambam and the Rashbam Pesachim 101b s.v. aval that all shivat haminim (including Ha’motzi and Mezonot foods) require a bracha achrona in their place. However, the Shulchan Aruch also cites the Rosh that only grain products (both Ha’motzi and Mezonot) require a bracha achrona in their place. Tosfot Pesachim 101b s.v. elah | Shulchan Aruch O.C. 678:5 quotes the Rambam Brachot 4:1 and the Rashbam Pesachim 101b s.v. aval that all shivat haminim (including Ha’motzi and Mezonot foods) require a bracha achrona in their place. Hagahot Maimoniyot Brachot 4:1 cites Rabbenu Simcha and Rashi who agree. Mordechai Pesachim 101b quotes the Ravyah who concurs. However, the Shulchan Aruch also cites the Rosh that only grain products (both Ha’motzi and Mezonot) require a bracha achrona in their place. Tosfot Pesachim 101b s.v. elah is certain that wine and shivat haminim don't require a bracha in their place and isn't sure about mezonot products. Hagahot Maimoniyot Brachot 4:1 cites that the Rif and Rav Amram Goan hold that only bread requires a bracha in its place. The Rama however holds that only bread requires a bracha achrona in its place. The Mishna Brurah 178:5 quotes achronim who write that one should be stringent even regarding the shivat haminim to return to one’s place to bentch on these foods. However, the Mishna Brurah also quotes the Gra who holds that only for grain products must one return to his original place.</ref> | ||
==If one made a Shinui Makom== | ==If one made a Shinui Makom== | ||
# The result of a Shinui Makom is only that one must make a new [[Bracha Rishona]] but it does not effect the [[Bracha Achrona]] and so if one ate fruit and then changed places only a new [[Bracha Rishona]] is required.<ref>Tosfot Pesachim 101b s.v. shehen, Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6) </ref> | # The result of a Shinui Makom is only that one must make a new [[Bracha Rishona]] but it does not effect the [[Bracha Achrona]] and so if one ate fruit and then changed places only a new [[Bracha Rishona]] is required.<ref>Tosfot Pesachim 101b s.v. shehen, Rosh Pesachim 10:6, Mordechai Pesachim 101b s.v. kshehen, Tur 178:1, Vezot HaBracha (pg 60, chapter 6). Tosfot explains that only a new bracha rishona is necessary since a shinui makom is like a hesech hadaat, interruption of thought. However, it would not require a bracha achrona as that can be exempted with the bracha achrona after the second eating. Ramban (Milchamot Hashem Pesachim 19b) argues that shinui makom is more significant than a regular hesech hadaat. It is a complete uproot of one's meal and requires a bracha achrona and another bracha rishona when one wants to eat again. Baal Hameor 19b agrees for another reason. He says that you need a bracha achrona before the next bracha rishona because each bracha rishona requires a separate bracha achrona. Since the new meal in the new place is independent with respect to the bracha rishona, so too for bracha achrona it needs a separate bracha achrona. </ref> | ||
==When it is permissible initially== | ==When it is permissible initially== | ||
