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Sheva Brachot: Difference between revisions
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# One needs a Minyan to say Birkat Chatanim, includining the Chatan.<ref>The Gemara 7b-8a says that Birkat Chatanim needs a Minyan, based either on Boaz or a the Pasuk in Tehillim, "BaMakhelot Barechut et Hashem." The Rishonim (see [[Kiddushin]]), debate whether or not this extends to Birkat Erusin as well or not, but they all agree that Birkat Chatanim does require a Minyan.<br /> | # One needs a Minyan to say Birkat Chatanim, includining the Chatan.<ref>The Gemara 7b-8a says that Birkat Chatanim needs a Minyan, based either on Boaz or a the Pasuk in Tehillim, "BaMakhelot Barechut et Hashem." The Rishonim (see [[Kiddushin]]), debate whether or not this extends to Birkat Erusin as well or not, but they all agree that Birkat Chatanim does require a Minyan.<br /> | ||
If there aren't even ten men in the whole town, the Rashba (Shut 1:1167, Meyuchasot 185) holds that one absolutely needs ten people, as the Chachamim prohibited one to his wife for whom he did not make Sheva Berachot. On the other hand, the Terumat HaDeshen (140), quotes a Teshovot Maimoni who explains Chazal's terminology of "Kallah BeLo Beracha" to be more colloquial than literal, in reference to the Chuppah itself. The Beit Yosef (64:4) paskens like the Terumat HaDeshen, while the Rama, Chelkat Mechokek 3, and Beit Shmuel 4, pasken like the Terumat HaDeshen that one only needs a Minyan lechatechilah.</ref> | If there aren't even ten men in the whole town, the Rashba (Shut 1:1167, Meyuchasot 185) holds that one absolutely needs ten people, as the Chachamim prohibited one to his wife for whom he did not make Sheva Berachot. On the other hand, the Terumat HaDeshen (140), quotes a Teshovot Maimoni who explains Chazal's terminology of "Kallah BeLo Beracha" to be more colloquial than literal, in reference to the Chuppah itself. The Beit Yosef (64:4) paskens like the Terumat HaDeshen, while the Rama, Chelkat Mechokek 3, and Beit Shmuel 4, pasken like the Terumat HaDeshen that one only needs a Minyan lechatechilah.</ref> | ||
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# If only the final bracha of “Asher Bara” will be recited (see below), only three men need to have joined the meal and be present at Birkas Hamazon.<ref> Aruch Hashulchan 62:11, explaining that the minyan is truly necessary only out of respect for the earlier bracha of “Shehakol Bara” and those referring to Yerushalayim. However, at least three men are needed in order to have a zimun for Birkas HaMazon</ref> | |||
# Women do not count towards the Minyan for sheva brachot.<ref>Shulchan Aruch EH 62:4, see Yabia Omer vol. 3 EH Siman 11</ref> | # Women do not count towards the Minyan for sheva brachot.<ref>Shulchan Aruch EH 62:4, see Yabia Omer vol. 3 EH Siman 11</ref> | ||
# A minor does not count for the minyan of sheva brachot.<ref>Yabia Omer EH 3:11:6</ref> | # A minor does not count for the minyan of sheva brachot.<ref>Yabia Omer EH 3:11:6</ref> | ||
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# A child cannot count as panim chadashot.<ref> Nitei Gavriel Nissuin 87:4</ref> | # A child cannot count as panim chadashot.<ref> Nitei Gavriel Nissuin 87:4</ref> | ||
# While many poskim hold that panim chadashot means only one new person, some hold that two are required.<ref>The Chelkat Mechokek EH 62:9 writes that you only need one new person for panim chadashot. This is also the opinion of the Aruch Hashulchan 62:24. Yabia Omer EH 3:11:2 is strict for the Rav Avraham Ben HaRambam (teshuva 86 and 110) in explaining the Rambam that two people are necessary.</ref> | # While many poskim hold that panim chadashot means only one new person, some hold that two are required.<ref>The Chelkat Mechokek EH 62:9 writes that you only need one new person for panim chadashot. This is also the opinion of the Aruch Hashulchan 62:24. Yabia Omer EH 3:11:2 is strict for the Rav Avraham Ben HaRambam (teshuva 86 and 110) in explaining the Rambam that two people are necessary.</ref> | ||
===Who Needs to Eat Bread=== | |||
# The accepted psak is that Sheva Brachos are recited only after a meal of bread, after Birkas Hamazon<ref> Maseches Sofrim 19:11 implies otherwise, but the Tur and Shulchan Aruch 62:5 indicate that only after a meal should Sheva Brachos be recited, and this is the ruling of the Aruch Hashulchan 62:26. See Yabia Omer 3:11:6 and Sefer Hanisuin K'Hilchatan p. 512 who write even Mezonos would be insufficient.</ref> | |||
# Ideally, at least ten of the attendees should eat bread.<ref> Shut Shoel U’Meishiv Telisa’ah 1:198, Yabia Omer EH 3:11:6</ref> However, many poskim allow Sheva Brachos to be said if only seven people ate bread, and some even permit Sheva Brachos to be said if only three people ate bread, as long as there is a minyan in attendance.<Ref>See Pischei Teshuva 62:8, Nitai Gavriel, Nesuin 102:2, Yabia Omer EH 3:11:6, and Otzar Haposkim 62:25:5</ref> Either way, the (bride and) groom themselves should have eaten bread.<ref> Yabia Omer 6:10:9, Tzitz Eliezer 13:99:4, Otzar Haposkim 62:25:6</ref> | |||
==Second Marriages== | ==Second Marriages== | ||
