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Shehiya: Difference between revisions
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# A Kirah was a stove in the times of the Gemara which that had room to hold two pots on top (with the heating element below).<ref> See copy of paper by Rabbi Brand for a detailed description of the different types of "stoves" used in the ancient world: http://www.the-daf.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Earthenware-Vessels-Kupach-Kira-and-Tanur-Brand.pdf</ref> The Kirah is considered the most lenient of the stoves and it’s permissible to leave food on it on [[Shabbat]] by fulfilling one of five conditions: 1) The fire is covered 2) The food is considered totally cooked 3) The food is totally raw 4) The coals are removed 5) The fuel is straw, stubble or the like (which will be discussed below at length). <ref> S”A 253:1 writes that a Kirah has the resemblance of a large pot and has room for two pots. The five leniencies listed are all sourced in S”A 253:1 but will be discussed below at length. See Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Shimon Eider; vol 4 pg 326) for a description and pictures. </ref> | # A Kirah was a stove in the times of the Gemara which that had room to hold two pots on top (with the heating element below).<ref> See copy of paper by Rabbi Brand for a detailed description of the different types of "stoves" used in the ancient world: http://www.the-daf.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Earthenware-Vessels-Kupach-Kira-and-Tanur-Brand.pdf</ref> The Kirah is considered the most lenient of the stoves and it’s permissible to leave food on it on [[Shabbat]] by fulfilling one of five conditions: 1) The fire is covered 2) The food is considered totally cooked 3) The food is totally raw 4) The coals are removed 5) The fuel is straw, stubble or the like (which will be discussed below at length). <ref> S”A 253:1 writes that a Kirah has the resemblance of a large pot and has room for two pots. The five leniencies listed are all sourced in S”A 253:1 but will be discussed below at length. See Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Shimon Eider; vol 4 pg 326) for a description and pictures. </ref> | ||
# A modern day gas stove is presumably considered a Kirah (and so requires one of the five requirements to be fulfilled, see further.) <ref> Sh”t Igrot Moshe 1:93 considers a modern day oven to be considered like a Kirah. This is codified in Orchot [[Shabbat]] (vol 1 pg 62), [[Shabbos]] Kitchen (pg 52), Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Shimon Eider; vol 4 pg 327) who quotes Rav Moshe and Rav Henkin.. </ref> | # A modern day gas stove is presumably considered a Kirah (and so requires one of the five requirements to be fulfilled, see further.) <ref> Sh”t Igrot Moshe 1:93 considers a modern day oven to be considered like a Kirah. This is codified in Orchot [[Shabbat]] (vol 1 pg 62), [[Shabbos]] Kitchen (pg 52), Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Shimon Eider; vol 4 pg 327) who quotes Rav Moshe and Rav Henkin.. </ref> | ||
# A modern day oven is considered a Kirah (and so requires one of the five requirements to be fulfilled.) <ref> Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:74:26 considers a modern day oven to be considered like a Kirah. | # A modern day oven is considered a Kirah (and so requires one of the five requirements to be fulfilled.) <ref> Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:74:26 considers a modern day oven to be considered like a Kirah. So rules Orchot [[Shabbat]] (2:15, vol 1 pg 67), Laws of [[Shabbat]] (Rabbi Shimon Eider; vol 4 pg 327), and [[Shabbos]] Kitchen (Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen, pg 53). However, Sh”t Az Nidbaru 4:18 considers it be a Tanur based on the heat of a modern oven. </ref> | ||
==Covering the fire== | ==Covering the fire== | ||
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*Magan Avraham 253:31 permits Shehiya in an oven because the fire is covered by a cement or clay wall built into the oven based on the S”A 253:3 who permits leaving on the fire if there’s an empty vessel separating between the fire and the food. However, the Magan Avraham adds that based on the Maharil (Minhagei Maharil pg 36; see 318:15), Agudah, and Tashbetz 27 the flame must have some interposition such a wooden plank that serves as a reminder besides being covered by metal. The Achronim unanimously agree including Eliyah Rabba 253:31, Tosefet [[Shabbat]] 253:40, Shulchan Aruch HaRav 253:26, Aruch HaShulchan 253:25, Mishna Brurah 253:81, and Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 1 pg 50). | *Magan Avraham 253:31 permits Shehiya in an oven because the fire is covered by a cement or clay wall built into the oven based on the S”A 253:3 who permits leaving on the fire if there’s an empty vessel separating between the fire and the food. However, the Magan Avraham adds that based on the Maharil (Minhagei Maharil pg 36; see 318:15), Agudah, and Tashbetz 27 the flame must have some interposition such a wooden plank that serves as a reminder besides being covered by metal. The Achronim unanimously agree including Eliyah Rabba 253:31, Tosefet [[Shabbat]] 253:40, Shulchan Aruch HaRav 253:26, Aruch HaShulchan 253:25, Mishna Brurah 253:81, and Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 1 pg 50). | ||
* Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:74:26 considers a modern day oven to be considered like a Kirah. | * Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:74:26 considers a modern day oven to be considered like a Kirah. | ||
* Seemingly there’s no simple way to make an interposition for the oven in order to leave food in it before [[Shabbat]]. However, Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:74:27 considers a metal 4 sided box to be an adequate cover and recognition. | * Seemingly there’s no simple way to make an interposition for the oven in order to leave food in it before [[Shabbat]]. However, Sh”t Igrot Moshe 4:74:27 considers a metal 4 sided box to be an adequate cover and recognition. So rules the [[Shabbos]] Kitchen. | ||
* However, the Sh”t Minchat Yitzchak 3:28(1) writes that an oven has the status of an uncovered fire even if there metal interposition based on Chazon Ish 37:11 who holds that an empty pot isn’t considered a covering (see above where many disagree with the Chazon Ish). | * However, the Sh”t Minchat Yitzchak 3:28(1) writes that an oven has the status of an uncovered fire even if there metal interposition based on Chazon Ish 37:11 who holds that an empty pot isn’t considered a covering (see above where many disagree with the Chazon Ish). | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
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==Leaving raw food on the fire== | ==Leaving raw food on the fire== | ||
# If the food [[cooking]] is raw meat or there’s a piece of raw meat in a the food it’s permitted to leave it on the fire from before [[Shabbat]]. <Ref> S”A 253:1 writes that if the food is raw or there’s a piece of raw food in a pot it’s permissible to leave the food on the fire from before [[Shabbat]]. Mishna Brurah 253:9 specifies a piece of meat. | # If the food [[cooking]] is raw meat or there’s a piece of raw meat in a the food it’s permitted to leave it on the fire from before [[Shabbat]]. <Ref> S”A 253:1 writes that if the food is raw or there’s a piece of raw food in a pot it’s permissible to leave the food on the fire from before [[Shabbat]]. Mishna Brurah 253:9 specifies a piece of meat. So rules Laws of [[Shabbat]]</ref> | ||
==Removing the coals== | ==Removing the coals== | ||
