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Shabbat Davenings: Difference between revisions
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{{Okay}} | {{Okay}}Shabbat is a time to focus on Hashem and spend more time davening. There are many special prayers unique to this day. | ||
==Friday | ==Friday Afternoon== | ||
# At [[Mincha]] on Friday there’s no [[Tachanun]] even if one prays [[Mincha]] Gedolah (six and a half hours). <Ref>S”A 267:1, Mishna Brurah 267:1 </ref> | # At [[Mincha]] on Friday, there’s no [[Tachanun]] even if one prays [[Mincha]] Gedolah (six and a half hours).<Ref>S”A 267:1, Mishna Brurah 267:1 </ref> | ||
# If one has a meal after midday on Friday should say [[Shir HaMaalot]] and not [[Al Neharot Bavel]]. <Ref>Mishna Brurah 267:1 </ref> ( | # If one has a meal after midday on Friday should say [[Shir HaMaalot]] and not [[Al Neharot Bavel]].<Ref>Mishna Brurah 267:1 </ref> (But see [[Having a meal on Erev Shabbat]] regarding when this is allowed.) | ||
==Kabbalat Shabbat== | ==Kabbalat Shabbat== | ||
# It is the minhag of klal Yisrael to say certain paragraphs of Tehillim and other tefillot to prepare for Shabbat. This is called Kabbalat Shabbat and an application of the mitzvah of honoring Shabbat.<ref>Rav Schachter [https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecturedata/800878/Shiur-#37Shabboskavod-v'oneg (Shabbat Shiur #37 min 8)] quoting Rav Soloveitchik</ref> | |||
===Shir Hashirim=== | ===Shir Hashirim=== | ||
# Many | # Many Sephardim have the minhag to read the megilla of Shir Hashirim every Friday night.<ref> [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/m/halacha.aspx?id=2504 Rabbi Eli Mansour] see there for potential reasons and importance of reciting shir hashirim on Friday night.</ref> | ||
===Bameh Madlikin=== | ===Bameh Madlikin=== | ||
# The minhag is to say Bemeh Madlikin before [[Arvit]] on Friday night.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C .270:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 76:9</ref> | # The minhag is to say Bemeh Madlikin before [[Arvit]] on Friday night.<ref>Shulchan Aruch O.C .270:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 76:9</ref> | ||
# Bemeh Madlikin isn't said if [[Yom Tov]] falls on Friday or [[Shabbat]] or on [[Shabbat]] [[Chol HaMoed]].<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 76:9</ref>Sephardim don't say Bemeh Madlikin on [[Shabbat]] [[Chanuka]], and if [[Yom Kippur]] falls out on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Rav Mordechai Eliyahu (comments to Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 76:11)</ref> | # Bemeh Madlikin isn't said if [[Yom Tov]] falls on Friday or [[Shabbat]] or on [[Shabbat]] [[Chol HaMoed]].<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 76:9</ref> Sephardim don't say Bemeh Madlikin on [[Shabbat]] [[Chanuka]], and if [[Yom Kippur]] falls out on [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Rav Mordechai Eliyahu (comments to Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 76:11)</ref> | ||
===Mizmor Shir Lyom Hashabbat=== | ===Mizmor Shir Lyom Hashabbat=== | ||
# The minhag is to say Mizmor Shir Lyom Hashabbat and Hashem Melech at the end of Kabbalat Shabbat.<Ref>Rivevot Efraim 1:188 writes that saying Mizmor Shir Lyom Hashabbat and Hashem Melech isn't found in the sources that describe kabbalat shabbat including Rav Moshe Kardevero, Yosef Ometz, and the Aruch Hashulchan. However, it is in the Siddur Yavetz. Sh"t Rambam (Blau n. 168) records a minhag to recite Mizmor Shir Lyom Hashabbat Friday night and it sounds like it is said before [[Maariv]].</ref> | # The minhag is to say Mizmor Shir Lyom Hashabbat and Hashem Melech at the end of Kabbalat Shabbat.<Ref>Rivevot Efraim 1:188 writes that saying Mizmor Shir Lyom Hashabbat and Hashem Melech isn't found in the sources that describe kabbalat shabbat including Rav Moshe Kardevero, Yosef Ometz, and the Aruch Hashulchan. However, it is in the Siddur Yavetz. Sh"t Rambam (Blau n. 168) records a minhag to recite Mizmor Shir Lyom Hashabbat Friday night and it sounds like it is said before [[Maariv]].</ref> | ||
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# After [[Shmoneh Esrei]] the minhag is to say "Tzidkatcha Tzedek". If it is a day that had it been a weekday they wouldn't have said [[Tachanun]], they don't say Tzidkatcha at [[mincha]].<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 76:15</ref> | # After [[Shmoneh Esrei]] the minhag is to say "Tzidkatcha Tzedek". If it is a day that had it been a weekday they wouldn't have said [[Tachanun]], they don't say Tzidkatcha at [[mincha]].<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 76:15</ref> | ||
===Vayinuchu Ba/Bo/Bam=== | ===Vayinuchu Ba/Bo/Bam=== | ||
# In the shemoneh esrei of Shabbat, the practice is to say וינוחו בה on Friday night, וינוחו בו on Shabbat morning, and וינוחו בם in Mincha on Shabbat afternoon.<ref> Sheyarei Knesset Hagedola 268:2, Magen Avraham 268:3, Kitzur | # In the shemoneh esrei of Shabbat, the practice is to say וינוחו בה on Friday night, וינוחו בו on Shabbat morning, and וינוחו בם in Mincha on Shabbat afternoon.<ref> Sheyarei Knesset Hagedola 268:2, Magen Avraham 268:3, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 76:3. Aruch Hashulchan 268:14 explains that in the Torah there is a feminine way of referring to evening (ליל) therefore we say "בה" then. Day (יום) is only masculine in the Torah therefore we say "בו". Mincha time which is close to the evening yet is still day we say "בם" which includes both. see also [https://books.google.com/books?id=BskCNUhALp8C&lpg=PP1&pg=PA17#v=onepage&q&f=false The World of Prayer: Commentary and Translation of the Siddur, Volume 1] pg. 17</ref> Some poskim write that if you are going to recite וינוחו בם in Mincha you should say שבתות קדשך so that the plural form is consistent.<ref> Nefesh Harav pg. 165. Chacham Ovadia Yosef (Yechave Daat 5:30) writes that ideally one should use וינוחו בו but if you are going to use וינוחו בם, you must say שבתות קדשך </ref> Others write that you should simply use וינוחו בו during Mincha as well.<ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 5:30, Yalkut Yosef Shabbat vol. 1 pg. 211 </ref> | ||
===Ashrei and Uva Letsion without Minyan=== | ===Ashrei and Uva Letsion without Minyan=== | ||
#If there is no minyan and it is getting late they can start Ashrei and Uva Letsion without a minyan. Some say that in that situation they shouldn't say וקרא זה אל זה ואמר aloud.<ref>Mesora v. 7 p. 7</ref> | #If there is no minyan and it is getting late they can start Ashrei and Uva Letsion without a minyan. Some say that in that situation they shouldn't say וקרא זה אל זה ואמר aloud.<ref>Mesora v. 7 p. 7</ref> | ||
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# Some suggest that this doesn't apply to Yom Tov. <ref>Magen Avraham 128:70</ref> | # Some suggest that this doesn't apply to Yom Tov. <ref>Magen Avraham 128:70</ref> | ||
==If | ==If One Forgot to say Mincha on Friday Afternoon== | ||
# If one forgot to say [[Mincha]] on Friday one should say [[Arvit]] on Friday night, two [[Shmoneh Esrei]]s of [[Shabbat]], the first one for [[Arvit]] and the second as a makeup for [[Mincha]] ([[Tashlumin]]). <Ref>S”A 108:9 </ref> | # If one forgot to say [[Mincha]] on Friday one should say [[Arvit]] on Friday night, two [[Shmoneh Esrei]]s of [[Shabbat]], the first one for [[Arvit]] and the second as a makeup for [[Mincha]] ([[Tashlumin]]). <Ref>S”A 108:9 </ref> | ||
==Mariv on Saturday Night== | ==Mariv on Saturday Night== | ||
See the [[Atta_Chonantanu]] page. | See the [[Atta_Chonantanu]] page. | ||
==Singing Zemirot== | ==Singing Zemirot== | ||
See [[The_meals_of_Shabbat#Shabbat_Zemirot|Shabbat Zemirot]] | |||
==Learning on Shabbat== | ==Learning on Shabbat== | ||
# People who work during the week should make an extra effort to learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]]. <ref>Kitzur S”A 77:24 </ref> | # People who work during the week should make an extra effort to learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]]. <ref>Kitzur S”A 77:24 </ref> | ||
