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Shabbat Davenings: Difference between revisions
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===Vayichulu=== | ===Vayichulu=== | ||
The principal sanctification of [[Shabbat]] is consummated with the recitation of the "Vayechulu" passage. Based on mystical considerations, the Vayechulu passage is to be recited no less than three times<ref>Kaf Hachaim 268:33</ref> on Friday night. It is recited twice within the course of the [[Maariv]] [[prayer]] and the again at home as part of the [[Kiddush]].<ref>[[Shabbat]] 119b, Rambam [[Shabbat]] 29:7</ref> We are taught that one who says Vayechulu on Friday night is considered to be a partner with God in creation.<ref>[[Shabbat]] 119b, See Likutei Maharan II:8</ref> So too, it is in merit of the recitation of Vayechulu that one is provided with the two escorting angels<ref>[[Shabbat]] 119b</ref> and additionally all of one's sins are forgiven.<ref>[[Shabbat]] 119b. The Abudraham suggests that the word ‘asher’ which appears three times in the Vayechulu also appears three times in the portion of the red heifer thereby connecting the two, with the | The principal sanctification of [[Shabbat]] is consummated with the recitation of the "Vayechulu" passage. Based on mystical considerations, the Vayechulu passage is to be recited no less than three times<ref>Kaf Hachaim 268:33</ref> on Friday night. It is recited twice within the course of the [[Maariv]] [[prayer]] and the again at home as part of the [[Kiddush]].<ref>[[Shabbat]] 119b, Rambam [[Shabbat]] 29:7, Shulchan Aruch OC 268:1</ref> We are taught that one who says Vayechulu on Friday night is considered to be a partner with God in creation.<ref>[[Shabbat]] 119b, See Likutei Maharan II:8</ref> So too, it is in merit of the recitation of Vayechulu that one is provided with the two escorting angels<ref>[[Shabbat]] 119b</ref> and additionally all of one's sins are forgiven.<ref>[[Shabbat]] 119b. The Abudraham suggests that the word ‘asher’ which appears three times in the Vayechulu also appears three times in the portion of the red heifer thereby connecting the two, with the red heifer being the ultimate source of purity and forgiveness from sin. </ref> | ||
So important is this passage, that according to most authorizes, once one has recited Vayechulu one has discharged one's true obligation of reciting [[Kiddush]]. The common custom of reciting the [[Kiddush]] at home over a cup of wine is essentially a rabbinical enactment and not necessarily a pre-requisite for fulfilling the Torah's mitzva of [[Kiddush]].<ref>Rambam [[Shabbat]] 29:6, Magen Avraham 271:1, but see Rabbi Akiva Eiger ad loc.</ref> Some authorities however do not consider [[Kiddush]] properly discharged until it is recited over a cup of wine.<ref>Rashi;[[Berachot]] 25b, Rabbi Akiva Eiger, ad loc.</ref> The recitation of [[Kiddush]] at home, in addition to repetition of Vayechulu, also recalls the exodus from Egypt. There are several authorities who argue that one has not truly fulfilled the mitzva of [[Kiddush]] unless one has made reference to the Exodus in the [[Kiddush]].<ref>Pesachim 117b</ref> | So important is this passage, that according to most authorizes, once one has recited Vayechulu one has discharged one's true obligation of reciting [[Kiddush]]. The common custom of reciting the [[Kiddush]] at home over a cup of wine is essentially a rabbinical enactment and not necessarily a pre-requisite for fulfilling the Torah's mitzva of [[Kiddush]].<ref>Rambam [[Shabbat]] 29:6, Magen Avraham 271:1, but see Rabbi Akiva Eiger ad loc.</ref> Some authorities however do not consider [[Kiddush]] properly discharged until it is recited over a cup of wine.<ref>Rashi;[[Berachot]] 25b, Rabbi Akiva Eiger, ad loc.</ref> The recitation of [[Kiddush]] at home, in addition to repetition of Vayechulu, also recalls the exodus from Egypt. There are several authorities who argue that one has not truly fulfilled the mitzva of [[Kiddush]] unless one has made reference to the Exodus in the [[Kiddush]].<ref>Pesachim 117b</ref> | ||
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It is noted that reciting Vayechulu three times on Friday night contains within it deep kabbalistic secrets.<ref>Kaf Hachaim 268:33,35</ref> If one is in the midst of reciting the silent Amida when the congregation about to recite Vayechulu together, one should aim to recite the Vayechulu of one's Amida along with the congregation, if possible.<ref>Halichot Shlomo I 14:5, Tzitz Eliezer 14:24</ref> Talking during the public recitation of Vayechulu is strictly forbidden.<ref>O.C. 268:12, Mishna Brurah 56:1</ref> | It is noted that reciting Vayechulu three times on Friday night contains within it deep kabbalistic secrets.<ref>Kaf Hachaim 268:33,35</ref> If one is in the midst of reciting the silent Amida when the congregation about to recite Vayechulu together, one should aim to recite the Vayechulu of one's Amida along with the congregation, if possible.<ref>Halichot Shlomo I 14:5, Tzitz Eliezer 14:24</ref> Talking during the public recitation of Vayechulu is strictly forbidden.<ref>O.C. 268:12, Mishna Brurah 56:1</ref> | ||
==Me'ayn Sheva== | ==Me'ayn Sheva== | ||
# The blessing of Magen Avot/me'ayn sheva, recited after the amidah on Friday night, is only said in an established minyan. An ad hoc minyan in a home does not recite Magen Avot. If a minyan is made in a home every Friday night there is a machloket in the poskim if this is enough to require me'ayn sheva. daven in that home every Friday night may confer "established" status on the minyan, but some contend that the minyan must also have a Torah scroll present in order to recite Magen Avot. <ref>Rivivot Ephraim 1:190. see also[http://eretzhemdah.org/newsletterArticle.asp?lang=en&pageid=48&cat=7&newsletter=440&article=1652 Eretz Hemda] </ref> | # The blessing of Magen Avot/me'ayn sheva, recited after the amidah on Friday night, is only said in an established minyan. An ad hoc minyan in a home does not recite Magen Avot. If a minyan is made in a home every Friday night there is a machloket in the poskim if this is enough to require me'ayn sheva. daven in that home every Friday night may confer "established" status on the minyan, but some contend that the minyan must also have a Torah scroll present in order to recite Magen Avot. <ref>Rivivot Ephraim 1:190. see also[http://eretzhemdah.org/newsletterArticle.asp?lang=en&pageid=48&cat=7&newsletter=440&article=1652 Eretz Hemda] </ref> | ||
