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Shabbat Candles: Difference between revisions
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===Where to light=== | ===Where to light=== | ||
# If one is staying in a hotel for [[Shabbat]], some say that one should light an incandescent bulb with a bracha in one's private room. This may be done even if the light is in a closet or in the bathroom, however, if one lights in the bathroom, the bracha should be made outside the bathroom. However, if this option isn't possible, one should light in the dining room so that people can derive benefit from it, but one may not light with a bracha in a place that no one will get benefit from the candles. <ref>[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/776128/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Reishit_Bikkurim:_A_Guide_to_Shavuot_Observance Rav Hershel Schachter in a published pamphlet about Hilchot Shavuot] (p. 3)</ref> | # If one is staying in a hotel for [[Shabbat]], some say that one should light an incandescent bulb with a bracha in one's private room. This may be done even if the light is in a closet or in the bathroom, however, if one lights in the bathroom, the bracha should be made outside the bathroom. However, if this option isn't possible, one should light in the dining room so that people can derive benefit from it, but one may not light with a bracha in a place that no one will get benefit from the candles. <ref>[http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/776128/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Reishit_Bikkurim:_A_Guide_to_Shavuot_Observance Rav Hershel Schachter in a published pamphlet about Hilchot Shavuot] (p. 3). [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=72808 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Vayigash 5779, min 35-38)] explained that one should light with an electric bulb in one's private room and it can even be a LED or fluorescent bulb. He said that one can light in one's bathroom and once he saw his father do that when he was in a hotel for Shabbat.</ref> | ||
# There is a dispute whether one can light Shabbat candles in a place that is already lit up with electric lights. <ref>[http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=19979&pgnum=190 Or Letzion 2:18:13] assumes that one can't fulfill the mitzvah of Shabbat candles with electric lights and concludes | # There is a dispute whether one can light Shabbat candles in a place that is already lit up with electric lights.<ref> | ||
* [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=19979&pgnum=190 Or Letzion 2:18:13] assumes that one can't fulfill the mitzvah of Shabbat candles with electric lights and concludes therefore one can light Shabbat candles there even if the electric lights are on in that room. | |||
* Other suggestions to support this approach include that of the Klosenberg Rebbe (cited by Radiance of Shabbos p. 20 n. 3) who says that it is still a recognizable honor to light candles for Shabbat more than it is to have electric lights. Rav Shlomo Zalman (Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata ch. 43 n. 171) suggests a similar idea. | |||
* Rav Moshe Feinstein (Igrot Moshe 5:20) suggests another possibility. Perhaps there's an obligation to light candles even though we have electric lights because maybe the electricity will go out. However, others hold that one must turn off the electric lights before lighting as is mentioned below. | |||
* [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=72808 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Vayigash 5779 min 50-57)] explained that one can light in a room with the electric lights already on but it is better to turn them off. He said that he never heard his father tell his mother to turn off the electric lights before lighting.</ref> Therefore, some say that one should turn off the electric lights, turn them back on for the sake of Shabbat, light the regular candles, and then say the bracha.<ref>Such was Rav Moshe Feinstein's practice as cited by Radiance of Shabbos (p. 20)</ref> Others say to turn off the lights, light the regular candles, and then turn on the electric lights. <ref>Rav Soloveitchik (cited in Nefesh HaRav p. 156), Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchata 43:34</ref> | |||
==Women and candle lighting== | ==Women and candle lighting== | ||
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* Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 45:11 writes that yeshiva students are considered one large family. Accordingly, one student should light in the cafeteria and thereby exempt the rest of the students from their personal obligation. Additionally, each student should make sure to have a light on in his room and, if necessary, should specifically turn on a light there without a bracha, relying on the bracha made in the cafeteria. He concludes, though, that if a student wants to light in his room with a bracha, he may do so, because essentially each student lives in his personal room and not the cafeteria. Teshuvot Vehanhagot 2:157 and Rav Chaim Pinchas Sheinberg (quoted by The Radiance of [[Shabbos]] p. 9) agree with the Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata’s first approach that one student should light in the cafeteria and the others should light in their rooms without a bracha. | * Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 45:11 writes that yeshiva students are considered one large family. Accordingly, one student should light in the cafeteria and thereby exempt the rest of the students from their personal obligation. Additionally, each student should make sure to have a light on in his room and, if necessary, should specifically turn on a light there without a bracha, relying on the bracha made in the cafeteria. He concludes, though, that if a student wants to light in his room with a bracha, he may do so, because essentially each student lives in his personal room and not the cafeteria. Teshuvot Vehanhagot 2:157 and Rav Chaim Pinchas Sheinberg (quoted by The Radiance of [[Shabbos]] p. 9) agree with the Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata’s first approach that one student should light in the cafeteria and the others should light in their rooms without a bracha. | ||
* Rav Hershel Schachter (quoted in Halachipedia Article 5773 #4) holds that students should light in their rooms with a bracha. He explains that they cannot light in the cafeteria because it is a public area, whereas the dorm rooms are private. Additionally, Rav Schachter argues, one does not fulfill his personal obligation with his parents unless he is going to be home for [[Shabbat]]. Az Nidbru 5:2, [[Shevet Halevi]] 1:52, and Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 1, p. 202) agree. </ref> | * Rav Hershel Schachter (quoted in Halachipedia Article 5773 #4) holds that students should light in their rooms with a bracha. He explains that they cannot light in the cafeteria because it is a public area, whereas the dorm rooms are private. Additionally, Rav Schachter argues, one does not fulfill his personal obligation with his parents unless he is going to be home for [[Shabbat]]. Az Nidbru 5:2, [[Shevet Halevi]] 1:52, and Chazon Ovadyah ([[Shabbat]] vol 1, p. 202) agree. </ref> | ||
# If a yeshiva student eats the [[Friday night meal]] at someone's house and not the cafeteria, according to those that he usually fulfills his obligation with the lighting in the cafeteria, this week he wouldn't fulfill his obligation with the lighting in the cafeteria, rather according to some one fulfills his obligation with the lighting of the family that he is eating at. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 263:11 writes that if the student isn't eating in the cafeteria but is eating in someone's house, seemingly one can't fulfill one's obligation with the candles lit in the cafeteria. Nonetheless, concludes the Piskei Teshuvot, that there's what to rely on the Shulchan Aruch HaRav who holds that by eating at someone's house one becomes like a family member. See the Radiance of [[Shabbat]] (pg 10; by Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen) who quotes Rabbi Pinchas Shienberg and Rav Moshe Feinstein who are lenient. </ref> According to Sephardim, he should light in his dorm with a bracha and make sure that it stays lit until he returns from the meal so that he can benefit from the candles.<ref>Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] v. 2, 263:17)</ref> | # If a yeshiva student eats the [[Friday night meal]] at someone's house and not the cafeteria, according to those that he usually fulfills his obligation with the lighting in the cafeteria, this week he wouldn't fulfill his obligation with the lighting in the cafeteria, rather according to some one fulfills his obligation with the lighting of the family that he is eating at. <ref>Piskei Teshuvot 263:11 writes that if the student isn't eating in the cafeteria but is eating in someone's house, seemingly one can't fulfill one's obligation with the candles lit in the cafeteria. Nonetheless, concludes the Piskei Teshuvot, that there's what to rely on the Shulchan Aruch HaRav who holds that by eating at someone's house one becomes like a family member. See the Radiance of [[Shabbat]] (pg 10; by Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen) who quotes Rabbi Pinchas Shienberg and Rav Moshe Feinstein who are lenient. </ref> According to Sephardim, he should light in his dorm with a bracha and make sure that it stays lit until he returns from the meal so that he can benefit from the candles. They should only have one person per room light.<ref>Yalkut Yosef ([[Shabbat]] v. 2, 263:17). [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=72808 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Vayigash 5779 min 38)] explained that ideally they should light candles in the room in a safe place. But if there isn't a safe way to light or the administration doesn't let that it is forbidden to light in the room. Rather one should light with electric light and recite a bracha. They should have one person per room light.</ref> | ||
# The halachot for a girl living in a dorm at seminary is the same as for a boy living in a dorm at yeshiva in regards to Hadlakat Neirot.<ref>Ohr Letzion (vol 2, p 166) in footnote</ref> | # The halachot for a girl living in a dorm at seminary is the same as for a boy living in a dorm at yeshiva in regards to Hadlakat Neirot.<ref>Ohr Letzion (vol 2, p 166) in footnote, [https://www.torahanytime.com/#/lectures?v=72808 Rav Yitzchak Yosef (Motzei Shabbat Vayigash 5779 min 38)]</ref> | ||
==Time to light candles== | ==Time to light candles== | ||
