Second Day of Yom Tov: Difference between revisions
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==Early Yom Tov Sheni== | ==Early Yom Tov Sheni== | ||
# Some say that if is going to say Kiddush for the second day of Yom Tov early before nightfall, one is permitted and should light the candles before Kiddush so that one can see the candles during Kiddush. <Ref>Rav Pealim 4:23 and Ben Ish Chai (Bamidbar #2) writes that since one should see the candles while saying Kiddush, and some even say that this is absolutely necessary, lighting the candles is an immediate need and not an issue of preparing from one day of Yom Tov for the next. He goes on to explain that the dispute between the Prisha's mother and Eliyah Rabba only applies if one is lighting before nightfall and making Kiddush after nightfall. Rav Shlomo Zalman in Minchat Shlomo 1:3 mentions that some say you can take upon yourself early Yom Tov Sheni and it isn't considered a degradation of the first day of Yom Tov. However, Rivevot Efraim 6:270 advises against early yom tov sheni. Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato p. 37 writes that one should only do so in a case of extenuating circumstances and cites Rav Elyashiv who agrees. His reasons are so that people don't come to prepare on the first day for the second and so as not to degrade the kedusha of the first day.<br> | # Some say that if is going to say Kiddush for the second day of Yom Tov early before nightfall, one is permitted and should light the candles before Kiddush so that one can see the candles during Kiddush.<Ref>Rav Pealim 4:23 and Ben Ish Chai (Bamidbar #2) writes that since one should see the candles while saying Kiddush, and some even say that this is absolutely necessary, lighting the candles is an immediate need and not an issue of preparing from one day of Yom Tov for the next. He goes on to explain that the dispute between the Prisha's mother and Eliyah Rabba only applies if one is lighting before nightfall and making Kiddush after nightfall. Rav Shlomo Zalman in Minchat Shlomo 1:3 mentions that some say you can take upon yourself early Yom Tov Sheni and it isn't considered a degradation of the first day of Yom Tov. However, Rivevot Efraim 6:270 advises against early yom tov sheni. Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato p. 37 writes that one should only do so in a case of extenuating circumstances and cites Rav Elyashiv who agrees. His reasons are so that people don't come to prepare on the first day for the second and so as not to degrade the kedusha of the first day.<br> | ||
[https://www.jewishlinknj.com/features/25226-demystifying-the-early-acceptance-of-yom-tov-sheini-at-shaarei-orah see Demystifying the Early Acceptance of Yom Tov Sheini] by Rabbi Chaim Jachter</ref> | [https://www.jewishlinknj.com/features/25226-demystifying-the-early-acceptance-of-yom-tov-sheini-at-shaarei-orah see Demystifying the Early Acceptance of Yom Tov Sheini] by Rabbi Chaim Jachter</ref> | ||
# Some say that if Yom Tov is on Motzei Shabbat one may not accept Yom Tov Sheni early.<ref>Rav Shlomo Zalman in Minchat Shlomo 1:3 s.v. ach</ref> | ===Preparing=== | ||
# Even those who allow starting early, it is indeed a problem to prepare from that day to the night. Therefore, you can cook during the day if you are going to have the meal during the daytime hours of the first day so that you eat and enjoy what you prepared that same day.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]</ref> | |||
===Second Day is Sunday=== | |||
# Some say that if Yom Tov is on Motzei Shabbat one may not accept Yom Tov Sheni early.<ref>Rav Shlomo Zalman in Minchat Shlomo 1:3 s.v. ach, [https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]</ref> | |||
===Second Day is Shabbat=== | |||
#Whether you can make early Yom Tov Sheni in general depends on a minhag if we follow the Maharil (Tefilot Pesach n. 6) or not. The Maharil was worried that when you start the second yom tov early you're going to violate preparing from one day of Yom Tov to the next.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]</ref> | |||
#If second day is Shabbat certainly it is permitted to start Shabbat and Yom Tov Sheni early since there's no concern of preparing from Yom Tov to Shabbat once a person made an [[Eruv Tavshilin]]. In fact it is proper to do so that a person won't come to cook so close to Shabbat and have food that isn't edible when Shabbat begins which is a problem.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]. The problem with cooking on Yom Tov for Shabbat if the food isn't yet edible when Shabbat begins is that the Eruv Tavshilin doesn't allow cooking from Yom Tov to Shabbat unless the food could have been eaten on Yom Tov (Pesachim 46b, Magen Avraham 527:1).</ref> | |||
===Rosh Hashana=== | |||
#You shouldn't accept the second day of Rosh Hashana early.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]. Rav Schachter explained that we're only lenient to start early and pray at the wrong time because of tosefet shabbat or yom tov. Generally, a person can make tosefet shabbat to start early on Friday afternoon. Alternatively, if Yom Tov is on Friday one can start Shabbat early since one is adding onto Shabbat. Alternatively, one can start Yom Tov Sheni early since if the second day is the real day then one is adding onto it. However, since the establishment of Rosh Hashana is such that it is treated as two days of kedusha one shouldn't start early since one isn't adding anything. Similarly, Shabbat followed by Yom Tov Sheni on Sunday shouldn't be started early since one isn't adding any more kedusha to the next day by starting early.</ref> | |||
===Shavuot=== | |||
#Starting the second day of Yom Tov of [[Shavuot]] early is another dispute whether for Sefirat Haomer or Shavuot specific reasons one shouldn't start early. Many poskim are lenient.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]. He quotes the Knesset Hagedola who writes that one shouldn't start the second night of Shavuot early. Pri Megadim disagrees since the reason to start the first night early is temimot to complete the days of the Omer and that doesn't apply to the second night of Shavuot. However, Rav Schachter explained that according to the Netsiv that there's a need to make kiddush of Shavuot on the date of Shavuot itself and accordingly it is important not to start early even on the second day. His conclusion is that we're not strict for the Knesset Hagedola since the whole concept here is a minhag.</ref> | |||
===Eating the Meal before Saying Shema at Night=== | |||
# In general many poskim allow you to accept Shabbat early and then eat before 30 minutes before the time for Shema and then pray Arvit afterwards. However, some disagree with this approach.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]. Rav Schachter quotes Rav Soloveitchik who felt based on Rambam that we shouldn't do that. He explained that the schedule of Shabbat and Yom Tov should always alternate between an activity focused on Hashem such as davening and an activity that is focused on the pleasures of the day such as eating. However, the order is important and should be kept in order.</ref> | |||
#It is best to start the meal before 30 minutes before time for Shema. If it is within 30 minutes there's what to rely upon to start then if you already said Shema after [[Plag Mincha]].<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]</ref> | |||
#You can accept Shabbat early and pray Shemona Esrei of Maariv without Brachot Kriyat Shema and Shema and then say those after Tzet Hakochavim.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]</ref> | |||
===Having the Meal Early=== | |||
#Ideally a person should leave over bread at the end of the meal and eat it then more than [[kebaytza]].<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]</ref> | |||
===Accepting Shabbat or Yom Tov=== | |||
#Tosefet Shabbat or Yom Tov isn't a neder, rather it is a mitzvah of infusing it with kedusha, and so it doesn't need to be orally accepted it is enough to mentally accept it.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]</ref> | |||
===Lighting Candles Early=== | |||
#One can start Yom Tov Sheni early and light candles then with a bracha.<ref>[https://www.yutorah.org/sidebar/lecture.cfm/957152/rabbi-hershel-schachter/piskei-corona-37-the-proper-time-to-daven-maariv-on-the-second-night-of-shavuos/ Rav Schachter (Piskei Corona #37)]. He cites the Mesoret Moshe v. 3 p. 145 who quotes Rav Moshe Feinstein as saying that you can't say bracha upon candles of second day yom tov until the night. Rav Schachter explains why he disagrees.</ref> | |||
==Halachot of a Jew from Diaspora in Israel== | ==Halachot of a Jew from Diaspora in Israel== | ||
