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Rosh Hashana: Difference between revisions
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Rosh Hashana is the Jewish New Year which is both a holiday as well as a day of Judgement. Following Rosh Hashana until [[Yom Kippur]], there is a period called Aseret Yemei Teshuva, the Ten Days of Repentance. The laws and customs for Rosh Hashana and Aseret Yemei Teshuva are outlined below: | Rosh Hashana is the Jewish New Year which is both a holiday as well as a day of Judgement. Following Rosh Hashana until [[Yom Kippur]], there is a period called Aseret Yemei Teshuva, the Ten Days of Repentance. The laws and customs for Rosh Hashana and Aseret Yemei Teshuva are outlined below: | ||
==Shofar== | ==Shofar== | ||
# It is a mitzvah from the Torah to hear the Shofar blows on Rosh Hashana. <ref>Yalkut Yosef 583:1</ref> | # It is a mitzvah from the Torah to hear the Shofar blows on Rosh Hashana. <ref>Yalkut Yosef 583:1 (Moadim pg. 36) from the pasuk in Bamidbar 29:1 יוֹם תְּרוּעָה, יִהְיֶה לָכֶם</ref> | ||
# The congregation should stand while the Baal | # The proper beracha is lishmoa kol shofar. However, if one recited litkoa shofar or al tekiat shofar, he fulfills his obligation. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 36 </ref> | ||
# The sephardic custom is that on the first day of Rosh Hashana, the beracha of shehecheyanu is recited after lishmoa kol shofar. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 36, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 116 </ref> If the first day is Shabbat and therefore we do not blow the shofar, shehecheyanu is recited on the second day after lishmoa kol shofar. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 36,48, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noriam pg. 112, 116 </ref> If a sephardic person is blowing shofar for an ashkenaz congregation on the 2nd day of Rosh Hashana, then one of the ashkenaz congregants should recite the shehecheyanu. If the sephardic shofar blower, recites shehecheyanu anyway, the congregation has nevertheless fulfilled their obligation of reciting it. <ref> Yalkut Yosef pg. 36, Sh"t Yabea Omer 1:29:11 </ref> | |||
# The congregation should stand while the Baal Tokeah makes the Brachot on the shofar and then they may sit for the blows prior to Mussaf. For the blows during Mussaf and the Chazarat HaShatz, the congregation should stand.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 583:3 (Moadim pg. 36) </ref> | |||
# One who couldn't go hear the shofar with a congregation and is having it blown for him at home, must stand for the shofar blowing. <ref> Sh"t Haridbaz 4:25 </ref> | |||
# The custom is to stand even for the tekiot which are referred to as the tekiot dimiyushav, the 1st 30 tekiot, 3 sets of Tashrat, Tashat and Tarat. <Ref> Mishna Berura 585:2. </ref> A weak, ill, or old person can be lenient. <ref> Shaar Hatziyun 585:2. </ref> | # The custom is to stand even for the tekiot which are referred to as the tekiot dimiyushav, the 1st 30 tekiot, 3 sets of Tashrat, Tashat and Tarat. <Ref> Mishna Berura 585:2. </ref> A weak, ill, or old person can be lenient. <ref> Shaar Hatziyun 585:2. </ref> | ||
# The 30 tekiot after that are referred to as the tekiot dimeumad because one is required to stand for those. However, if one sat during these tekiot he has nevertheless fulfilled his obligation. <ref> Mishna Berura 592:2 </ref> | # The 30 tekiot after that are referred to as the tekiot dimeumad because one is required to stand for those. However, if one sat during these tekiot he has nevertheless fulfilled his obligation. <ref> Mishna Berura 592:2 </ref> | ||
# One should refrain from talking from when the beracha is recited until after all 100 tekiot are blown. <ref> Chayei Adam 141:9. Minchat Yitzchak 3:44 and 4:47 says that Asher Yatzar may be recited during this time. </ref> | # One should refrain from talking from when the beracha is recited until after all 100 tekiot are blown. <ref> Chayei Adam 141:9. Sh"t Minchat Yitzchak 3:44 and 4:47 says that Asher Yatzar may be recited during this time. </ref> One should also try not to cough or yawn during the shofar blowing so as not to confuse any listeners. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 40 </ref> | ||
# If one is unsure if he heard the shofar or not, he should hear it again without a beracha. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 37, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 161 </ref> | |||
# Ideally, the shofar blower should try to blow it from the right side of his mouth, but this certainly doesn't prevent one from fulfilling his obligation if he doesn't. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 41 </ref> | |||
==Simanim== | ==Simanim== | ||
