Rosh Hashana: Difference between revisions
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===Visiting the Cemetery=== | ===Visiting the Cemetery=== | ||
# Some have the custom to visit the grave-sites of righteous people on [[Erev Rosh Hashana]]. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 581:4. Kitzur | # Some have the custom to visit the grave-sites of righteous people on [[Erev Rosh Hashana]]. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 581:4. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 128:13 points out that we are obviously not praying to the dead person themselves as that would be avoda zara, but rather that Hashem perform kindness and listen to our [[prayers]] thanks to the merit of these great tzaddikim. Mishna Brurah 581:27 as well as the Sefer Ikarim 4:35 write likewise. </ref> | ||
===Fasting on Erev Rosh Hashana=== | ===Fasting on Erev Rosh Hashana=== | ||
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==Simanim== | ==Simanim== | ||
# There is a minhag of dipping the [[challah]] in honey on Rosh Hashana. <ref>Magen Avraham 583:1, Mishna Brurah 583:3, Kitzur | # There is a minhag of dipping the [[challah]] in honey on Rosh Hashana. <ref>Magen Avraham 583:1, Mishna Brurah 583:3, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 129:9</ref>Some only dip the [[challah]] in honey<ref>Nitei Gavriel (Rosh Hashana p. 209, n. 17) writes that the Chazon Ish and Stiepler's practice was to eat [[challah]] without salt on Rosh Hashana. See there for other sources on this matter. </ref>, while others dip the [[challah]] in salt as well as honey. <ref>Kaf HaChaim 583:4. See Nitei Gavriel (Rosh Hashana p. 209) for different minhagim about whether to dip the [[challah]] in salt on the same side as it is dipped in honey or on the other side. See there also for a difference in minhagim whether to dip the [[challah]] in salt before dipping it in honey or afterwards. </ref> | ||
# There is a minhag to eat certain fruits and vegetables as a good omen for the coming year on both nights of Rosh Hashana. Some have this minhag only the first night. <ref> The Gemara (Horiyot 12a) says that a person should see gourds, fenugreek, leek, beets, and dates (though these definitions are the subject of controversy) on Rosh Hashana as a good omen. The Gemara (Keritut 6a) records the same statement with the text that a person should eat these fruits and vegetables as a good omen. Beit Yosef 583:1 notes the different versions and rules in S”A 583:1 that a person should eat these foods as a good omen. Kaf HaChaim 583:6 writes that if one can’t eat a certain food, he may just look at it and say the Yehi Ratzon nonetheless. Nitei Gavriel 29:24 agrees. | # There is a minhag to eat certain fruits and vegetables as a good omen for the coming year on both nights of Rosh Hashana. Some have this minhag only the first night. <ref> The Gemara (Horiyot 12a) says that a person should see gourds, fenugreek, leek, beets, and dates (though these definitions are the subject of controversy) on Rosh Hashana as a good omen. The Gemara (Keritut 6a) records the same statement with the text that a person should eat these fruits and vegetables as a good omen. Beit Yosef 583:1 notes the different versions and rules in S”A 583:1 that a person should eat these foods as a good omen. Kaf HaChaim 583:6 writes that if one can’t eat a certain food, he may just look at it and say the Yehi Ratzon nonetheless. Nitei Gavriel 29:24 agrees. | ||
* Eliyah Rabba 583:1 writes that the minhag is to eat simanim on both nights of Rosh Hashana. Machazik Bracha 583:2, Chazon Ovadyah (p. 93), Teshuvot VeHanhagot 2:266 Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 29, Halichot Olam 2:[g. 227 and Rivevot Efraim 6:308:1 agree. However, Bnei Yisaschar 2:11 and Eishel Avraham MeButchach 583 explain the minhag of eating the simanim only on the first night of Rosh Hashana. </ref> | * Eliyah Rabba 583:1 writes that the minhag is to eat simanim on both nights of Rosh Hashana. Machazik Bracha 583:2, Chazon Ovadyah (p. 93), Teshuvot VeHanhagot 2:266 Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 29, Halichot Olam 2:[g. 227 and Rivevot Efraim 6:308:1 agree. However, Bnei Yisaschar 2:11 and Eishel Avraham MeButchach 583 explain the minhag of eating the simanim only on the first night of Rosh Hashana. </ref> | ||
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===What?=== | ===What?=== | ||
# The custom is to recite certain pesukim that are printed in the books. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 35 </ref> | # The custom is to recite certain pesukim that are printed in the books. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 35 </ref> | ||
# Many have the custom of shaking out their pockets as a symbol of throwing at one's sins. <ref> The Mateh Efraim 598:4 and Kitzur | # Many have the custom of shaking out their pockets as a symbol of throwing at one's sins. <ref> The Mateh Efraim 598:4 and Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 129:21. Eliya Rabba 596:3 writes based on kabbala that shaking out your pockets is like shaking off the kelipot (layers) that stick to us when we sin. [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=367&txtSearch=tashlich'' Rabbi Eli Mansour] points out that this is in no way a substitute for repenting, just a symbolic act to show that our [[repentance]] is sincere. </ref> | ||
# Many poskim suggest that men and women should avoid being there at the same time so that it doesn't become an inappropriate, mixed social scene on our day of Judgment. <ref> Aruch Hashulchan 583:4 and Elef Hamagen 583:7. [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=367&txtSearch=tashlich'' Rabbi Eli Mansour], Ketzeh Hamateh 598:7 and Yalkut Yosef Moadim 35 say that women aren't obligated to do tashlich and therefore shouldn't in order to prevent inappropriate mingling between genders. </ref> | # Many poskim suggest that men and women should avoid being there at the same time so that it doesn't become an inappropriate, mixed social scene on our day of Judgment. <ref> Aruch Hashulchan 583:4 and Elef Hamagen 583:7. [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/displayRead.asp?readID=367&txtSearch=tashlich'' Rabbi Eli Mansour], Ketzeh Hamateh 598:7 and Yalkut Yosef Moadim 35 say that women aren't obligated to do tashlich and therefore shouldn't in order to prevent inappropriate mingling between genders. </ref> | ||
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==Fasting on Rosh Hashana== | ==Fasting on Rosh Hashana== | ||
# It's forbidden to fast on Rosh Hashana. <ref> | # It's forbidden to fast on Rosh Hashana. <ref>Shulchan Aruch 597:1, Chazon Ovadyah (Yamim Noraim, pg 180) </ref> Nonetheless, it's permissible to allow [[prayers]] to extend past [[chatzot]] (halachic midday) and fast until the afternoon. <ref>Mishna Brurah 597:2 writes that even though usually on [[Shabbat]] and [[Yom Tov]] one shouldn't fast until after [[chatzot]] on rosh hashana it's permissible to allow the [[davening]] to extend past [[chatzot]]. [http://www.yutorah.org/lectures/lecture.cfm/764351/Rabbi_Hershel_Schachter/Inyanei_Rosh_Hashanah Rav Hershel Schachter on yutorah.org (min 40-42)] explains that this leniency is based on the fact that there are opinions in the Geonim who even permit fasting completely on Rosh Hashana. </ref> | ||
# There is a mitzvah of [[Kavod Shabbat|Kavod]] and [[Oneg Shabbat|Oneg]] on Rosh Hashana since it is called "mikreh kodesh".<ref> | # There is a mitzvah of [[Kavod Shabbat|Kavod]] and [[Oneg Shabbat|Oneg]] on Rosh Hashana since it is called "mikreh kodesh".<ref>Shulchan Aruch HaRav 529:5</ref> | ||
==Prayers of Rosh Hashanah== | ==Prayers of Rosh Hashanah== | ||
