3,231
edits
Rosh Hashana: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
no edit summary
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Rosh Hashana is the Jewish New Year which is both a holiday as well as a day of Judgement. Following Rosh Hashana until [[Yom Kippur]], there is a period called Aseret Yemei Teshuva, the Ten Days of Repentance. The laws and customs for Rosh Hashana and Aseret Yemei Teshuva are outlined below: | Rosh Hashana is the Jewish New Year which is both a holiday as well as a day of Judgement. Following Rosh Hashana until [[Yom Kippur]], there is a period called Aseret Yemei Teshuva, the Ten Days of Repentance. The laws and customs for Rosh Hashana and Aseret Yemei Teshuva are outlined below: | ||
==Customs of Erev Rosh Hashana== | |||
# Tachanun is not recited on Erev Rosh Hashana in Shacharit, even though during selichot of that morning we do recite the yud gimmel middot and the nefilat apayim. However, tachanun is recited the mincha before erev rosh hashana. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 21, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 46, Shulchan Aruch 581:3, Kaf Hachayim 581:74 </ref> | |||
# We do not blow the shofar on erev rosh hashana and if one needs to practice blowing for the holiday, he should do so in a private room. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 21 </ref> | |||
# There are five main customs observed on Erev Rosh Hashana: 1) Laundering one's clothing. 2) Cutting one's hair. 3) Dipping in the mikveh. 4) Visiting the cemetery. 5) Giving tzedaka. <ref> Shulchan Aruch, Siman 581:4 </ref> | |||
# Some have the custom of receiving lashes on Erev Rosh Hashana, while others do so on [[Erev Yom Kippur]].<ref>Kaf HaChaim 581:58</ref> | |||
===Visiting the Cemetery=== | |||
# Some have the custom to visit the grave-sites of righteous people on Erev Rosh Hashana. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 581:4. Kitzur S"A 128:13 points out that we are obviously not praying to the dead person themselves as that would be avoda zara, but rather that Hashem perform kindness and listen to our prayers thanks to the merit of these great tzaddikim. Mishna Berura 581:27 as well as the Sefer Ikarim 4:35 write likewise. </ref> | |||
===Fasting on Erev Rosh Hashana=== | |||
# There is a custom to fast on Erev Rosh Hashana. <ref> The Shulchan Aruch 581:2 writes that the custom is to fast on Erev Rosh Hashana. The Rama ibid. writes that there is no need to finish the fast. [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipDate=9/15/2009 Rabbi Eli Mansour] says that one shouldn't eat until [[Kiddush]] that night. see Yalkut Yosef Moadim pg. 20, Halichot Olam 2:pg. 233 </ref> | |||
# Some say that the minhag is that women do not fast on Erev Rosh Hashana. <ref> Mishna Berura 581:16 writes that women also fast, but [http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/article.php?p=69877 Rabbi Yissachar Dov Krakowski] says this isn't the custom. </ref> | |||
# One who is still fasting at mincha, should recite aneinu during mincha, <ref> Mishna Berura 562:7 says this is true even if you do not plan on finishing the fast. For sephardim, the Kaf Hachayim 562:8 says if you do not plan on finishing the fast to recite aneinu during elokay nitzor. </ref> For the chazzan, if he doesn't plan on finishing the fast, he shouldn't recite aneinu in the chazarat hashatz at all. <ref> Beiur Halachah 562:1 "aval." </ref> | |||
# One doesn't need to have to accept this fast upon himself during mincha the day before. <ref> Mishna Berura 581:16, [http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/article.php?p=69877 Rabbi Yissachar Dov Krakowski]. This is also the ruling of [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipDate=9/15/2009 Rabbi Eli Mansour] However, [http://revach.net/halacha/tshuvos/Rav-Elyashiv-On-Fasting-Erev-Rosh-Hashana/1020 Revach.net] quotes Rav Elyashiv as saying that if you don't fast every year, you should accept it during mincha the day before. </ref> | |||
===Dipping in the Mikveh=== | |||
# The custom is to dip in a mikveh on erev rosh hashana in honor of rosh hashana, however this isn't required according to the law and therefore a beracha isn't recited and the laws aren't as strict. <ref> Halichot Olam 2: page 225, Moed Likol Chai 12:11. see also Rama 581:4. </ref> If one cannot make it to a mikveh, he should try to spill 9 kav (approximately 12 liters) of water even if in the shower. <ref> Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 22, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 51, 57. </ref> | |||
# A woman within her seven clean days from niddah shouldn't go to the mikveh on erev rosh hashana or erev yom kippur. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 59 </ref> | |||
===Hatarat Nedarim=== | |||
# The custom is to do hatarat nedarim on erev rosh hashana and erev yom kippur. <ref> Kaf Hachayim 581:12, Yalkut Yosef Moadim page 22, Yabea Omer OC 2:30, Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim page 42 </ref> | |||
==Candle lighting== | ==Candle lighting== | ||
# The beracha on candle lighting for Rosh Hashana is lihadlik ner shol yom tov, without mention of Yom Hazikaron. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 62. see there where he writes that it wouldn't be a problem of a hefsek between the beracha and the candle lighting to mention yom hazikaron, but lechatchila one shouldn't do say it. </ref> | # The beracha on candle lighting for Rosh Hashana is lihadlik ner shol yom tov, without mention of Yom Hazikaron. <ref> Chazon Ovadia Yamim Noraim pg. 62. see there where he writes that it wouldn't be a problem of a hefsek between the beracha and the candle lighting to mention yom hazikaron, but lechatchila one shouldn't do say it. </ref> | ||
