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Preparing for Shabbat: Difference between revisions
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==Obligation== | ==Obligation== | ||
# This mitzvah of preparing for [[Shabbat]] applies to everyone. <ref>S"A 250:1, Mishna Brurah 250:3 </ref>Even an important person should prepare for [[Shabbat]] and not consider it degrading because in fact it is an honor to honor [[Shabbat]]. <Ref>Meoros HaShabbos (vol 1, pg 18) </ref> | # This mitzvah of preparing for [[Shabbat]] applies to everyone. <ref>S"A 250:1, Mishna Brurah 250:3 </ref>Even an important person should prepare for [[Shabbat]] and not consider it degrading because in fact it is an honor to honor [[Shabbat]]. <Ref>Meoros HaShabbos (vol 1, pg 18) </ref> | ||
# Work should be minimized on Fridays in order to allow for plenty of time to properly prepare for [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Mishna | # Work should be minimized on Fridays in order to allow for plenty of time to properly prepare for [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Mishna Brurah 25:1-4, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin), Sefer Chassidim 121, 122. See also the Kaf Hachaim, OC 250:5; Shaarei Teshuva 250:2.who write that the sweat one emits while preparing for [[Shabbat]] is said to erase one's sins from the Heavenly record. </ref> | ||
# It is the husband's job to ensure that the [[Shabbat]] candles are in place and ready for lighting each week. <Ref> [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin), Kaf Hachaim, OC 250:9. </ref> | # It is the husband's job to ensure that the [[Shabbat]] candles are in place and ready for lighting each week. <Ref> [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin), Kaf Hachaim, OC 250:9. </ref> | ||
# Even if one had many helpers or family members preparing for [[Shabbat]] one should make an effort to personally be involved in preparing for [[Shabbat]]. <ref>S"A 250:1 </ref> | # Even if one had many helpers or family members preparing for [[Shabbat]] one should make an effort to personally be involved in preparing for [[Shabbat]]. <ref>S"A 250:1 </ref> | ||
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# One must pray before going to buy one's food for [[Shabbat]] and if one regularly learns one should not change one's practice and only buy the food afterwards unless there's a fear that one will loose the opportunity to buy the food in which case one should delay one's learning.<ref>Mishna Brurah 250:1, Menuchat Ahava (vol 1, 2:1) </ref> | # One must pray before going to buy one's food for [[Shabbat]] and if one regularly learns one should not change one's practice and only buy the food afterwards unless there's a fear that one will loose the opportunity to buy the food in which case one should delay one's learning.<ref>Mishna Brurah 250:1, Menuchat Ahava (vol 1, 2:1) </ref> | ||
# If there's a fear that if one waits until after [[davening]] one may loose the opportunity to buy one's food for [[Shabbat]] before [[prayer]] but one should at least say Shema beforehand. <ref>Mishna Brurah 250:1, Menuchat Ahava (vol 1, 2:1) </ref> | # If there's a fear that if one waits until after [[davening]] one may loose the opportunity to buy one's food for [[Shabbat]] before [[prayer]] but one should at least say Shema beforehand. <ref>Mishna Brurah 250:1, Menuchat Ahava (vol 1, 2:1) </ref> | ||
# When buying food for [[Shabbat]], it is praiseworthy to verbally state to oneself that the food is for such purpose. <ref>Mishna | # When buying food for [[Shabbat]], it is praiseworthy to verbally state to oneself that the food is for such purpose. <ref>Mishna Brurah 250:2, Kaf HaChaim 250:2, Machatzit Hashekel 250:1, S"A Harav 250:6, Chesed La'alafim 250:6 </ref> | ||
# Indeed, one should endeavor to do something every day of the week in honor of [[Shabbat]], as did Shammai. Whenever Shammai would go shopping and come across a tasty piece of meat, he would purchase it in honor of [[Shabbat]]. If later in the week he came across an even more attractive piece of meat, he would eat the first one and save the nicer one in honor of [[Shabbat]]. <ref>[http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin) quoting Beitza 16a. See also Pesikta Rabati 23. </ref> | # Indeed, one should endeavor to do something every day of the week in honor of [[Shabbat]], as did Shammai. Whenever Shammai would go shopping and come across a tasty piece of meat, he would purchase it in honor of [[Shabbat]]. If later in the week he came across an even more attractive piece of meat, he would eat the first one and save the nicer one in honor of [[Shabbat]]. <ref>[http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin) quoting Beitza 16a. See also Pesikta Rabati 23. </ref> | ||
# Even if one has already prepared Friday morning preferably one should prepare just before [[Shabbat]] starts. <ref>Mishna Brurah 250:2, Kaf HaChaim 250:4 </ref> | # Even if one has already prepared Friday morning preferably one should prepare just before [[Shabbat]] starts. <ref>Mishna Brurah 250:2, Kaf HaChaim 250:4 </ref> | ||
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==Tasting the food in preparation of Shabbat== | ==Tasting the food in preparation of Shabbat== | ||
# It is considered a great a mitzva to taste the [[Shabbat]] food every Friday afternoon. <ref>Torat Menachem (Rav Menachem Mendel Shneerson, vol 18, pg 104) discusses the importance of this minhag as a symbol for the coming of Mashiach. </ref> in order to ensure that it is tasty and fit to be served at the [[Shabbat]] meal.<ref>Magan Avraham 250:1 writes that there's a righteous practice to taste the food for [[Shabbat]] on Friday in order to know whether it's spiced and tasty. This is quoted by the achronim including Menuchat Ahava (vol 1, 2:3), Aruch Hashulchan, OC 250:4; Kaf Hachaim, OC 250:8; Mishna | # It is considered a great a mitzva to taste the [[Shabbat]] food every Friday afternoon. <ref>Torat Menachem (Rav Menachem Mendel Shneerson, vol 18, pg 104) discusses the importance of this minhag as a symbol for the coming of Mashiach. </ref> in order to ensure that it is tasty and fit to be served at the [[Shabbat]] meal.<ref>Magan Avraham 250:1 writes that there's a righteous practice to taste the food for [[Shabbat]] on Friday in order to know whether it's spiced and tasty. This is quoted by the achronim including Menuchat Ahava (vol 1, 2:3), Aruch Hashulchan, OC 250:4; Kaf Hachaim, OC 250:8; Mishna Brurah 250:2; Rivevot Ephraim 2:115:37. Mishna Brurah 250:2 writes that one should taste the [[Shabbat]] food on Friday in order to ensure that the is is tasty and fit for [[Shabbat]]. There's a number of source of this custom: | ||
* A hint for this custom can be found in the [[Shabbat]] [[Mussaf]] [[prayers]] which include the words "Those who taste it will merit long life". Although "taste it" in this context refers to [[Shabbat]] observance, poetic license allows these words to be interpreted as referring to the [[Shabbat]] foods, as well. There are those who take this teaching quite literally and insist that those who taste the [[Shabbat]] foods are assured a long life! (Machzor Vitri 181; Shibolei Haleket 82; Beit Yosef, OC 286, Elya Rabba 250:6) | * A hint for this custom can be found in the [[Shabbat]] [[Mussaf]] [[prayers]] which include the words "Those who taste it will merit long life". Although "taste it" in this context refers to [[Shabbat]] observance, poetic license allows these words to be interpreted as referring to the [[Shabbat]] foods, as well. There are those who take this teaching quite literally and insist that those who taste the [[Shabbat]] foods are assured a long life! (Machzor Vitri 181; Shibolei Haleket 82; Beit Yosef, OC 286, Elya Rabba 250:6) | ||
* Others suggest that the source for this custom derives from a mishna which enigmatically records that "Rabbi Yochanan Ben Zakkai was given from the foods to taste". Some commentators suggest that this is a reference to the [[Shabbat]] foods which Rabbi Yochanan Ben Zakkai would taste every Friday afternoon. ( Torah Chaim 250:2 based on Mishna Sukka 26b) | * Others suggest that the source for this custom derives from a mishna which enigmatically records that "Rabbi Yochanan Ben Zakkai was given from the foods to taste". Some commentators suggest that this is a reference to the [[Shabbat]] foods which Rabbi Yochanan Ben Zakkai would taste every Friday afternoon. ( Torah Chaim 250:2 based on Mishna Sukka 26b) | ||
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# It is also a big mitzva to shower on Fridays, in honor of [[Shabbat]], preferably late in the day. <ref> Mishna Brurah 260:1, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin). The Elya Rabba 262:6 explains that the reason that one should shower later rather than earlier is because we are taught that the pleasure one derives from a shower and being clean is only appreciated an hour or so afterwards. Delaying the shower closer to [[Shabbat]] will ensure that one enjoys this pleasure on [[Shabbat]] itself. </ref> | # It is also a big mitzva to shower on Fridays, in honor of [[Shabbat]], preferably late in the day. <ref> Mishna Brurah 260:1, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin). The Elya Rabba 262:6 explains that the reason that one should shower later rather than earlier is because we are taught that the pleasure one derives from a shower and being clean is only appreciated an hour or so afterwards. Delaying the shower closer to [[Shabbat]] will ensure that one enjoys this pleasure on [[Shabbat]] itself. </ref> | ||
# The mitzva of showering can only be fulfilled with warm to hot water. <ref>S"A OC 260:1; Biur Halacha 260 s.v. “Bechamin” and "Lechof Harosh". But see Devar Chevron 2:229 </ref> | # The mitzva of showering can only be fulfilled with warm to hot water. <ref>S"A OC 260:1; Biur Halacha 260 s.v. “Bechamin” and "Lechof Harosh". But see Devar Chevron 2:229 </ref> | ||
# The order of what to wash first when showering is as follows: head, face, chest, right arm, left arm, right leg, left leg.<ref>[[Shabbat]] 61a; Mishna | # The order of what to wash first when showering is as follows: head, face, chest, right arm, left arm, right leg, left leg.<ref>[[Shabbat]] 61a; Mishna Brurah 2:7, 260:1; Be'er Moshe 3:1; Ben Ish Chai (Vayishlach 17), [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin). The Ta’amei Haminhagim 249 writes that this pre-[[Shabbat]] wash is known in kabbalistic circles to assist in removing sins from one’s soul. </ref> | ||
===Brushing one's hair=== | ===Brushing one's hair=== | ||
# One should brush one's hair nicely in honor of [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:12, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin). See also Yosef Ometz 565 </ref> | # One should brush one's hair nicely in honor of [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:12, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin). See also Yosef Ometz 565 </ref> | ||
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# One is required to inspect one's [[Shabbat]] clothes before the onset of [[Shabbat]] to ensure that there is nothing muktza in the pockets. This is especially crucial for one who lives in a place without an Eruv in which case it is forbidden to go outside on [[Shabbat]] with anything at all in one's pockets. <ref> S"A OC 252:7; Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:23; Aruch Hashulchan, S"A OC 252:18, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin) </ref> | # One is required to inspect one's [[Shabbat]] clothes before the onset of [[Shabbat]] to ensure that there is nothing muktza in the pockets. This is especially crucial for one who lives in a place without an Eruv in which case it is forbidden to go outside on [[Shabbat]] with anything at all in one's pockets. <ref> S"A OC 252:7; Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:23; Aruch Hashulchan, S"A OC 252:18, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin) </ref> | ||
# One should don one's [[Shabbat]] clothes late Friday afternoon in honor of [[Shabbat]].<ref>S"A OC 262:2 and 3, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin) </ref> | # One should don one's [[Shabbat]] clothes late Friday afternoon in honor of [[Shabbat]].<ref>S"A OC 262:2 and 3, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin) </ref> | ||
# One should wear these clothes until at least after Havdalla on Saturday night.<ref> Mishna | # One should wear these clothes until at least after Havdalla on Saturday night.<ref> Mishna Brurah 262:8, [http://www.eichlers.com/Product/Books/Halachah_-_Jewish_Law/General_Issues/Amot-Shel-Halacha---Halachic-Insights---The-Dalet-Amot-Halacha-Series:-1-_H028-3.html Amot Shel Halacha] (by Rabbi Ari Enkin)</ref> | ||
==Traveling on Friday== | ==Traveling on Friday== | ||
