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Preparations for Davening: Difference between revisions
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* The Rif Brachot 13b cites two opinions as to whether Ezra completely abolished the institution or only for Torah learning but for davening it remained in place at least with respect to having 9 kabin of water poured on one's head. He concludes with Rav Hai Goan who says that the minhag is strict to keep it for davening. Rosh (Brachot 3:21) quotes the Rif. Rambam (Kriyat Shema 4:8) writes that the establishment of Ezra was repealed for Torah learning and Kriyat Shema and the minhag is to be lenient. However, regarding Tefillah, the Rambam (Tefillah 4:8) writes that although it is permitted to daven without going to mikveh or washing it is the minhag of Bavel and Spain to do so. Kesef Mishna (Tefillah 4:6) explains that this minhag is the same one as the Rav Hai Goan described and it would suffice with pouring 9 kabin on oneself. | * The Rif Brachot 13b cites two opinions as to whether Ezra completely abolished the institution or only for Torah learning but for davening it remained in place at least with respect to having 9 kabin of water poured on one's head. He concludes with Rav Hai Goan who says that the minhag is strict to keep it for davening. Rosh (Brachot 3:21) quotes the Rif. Rambam (Kriyat Shema 4:8) writes that the establishment of Ezra was repealed for Torah learning and Kriyat Shema and the minhag is to be lenient. However, regarding Tefillah, the Rambam (Tefillah 4:8) writes that although it is permitted to daven without going to mikveh or washing it is the minhag of Bavel and Spain to do so. Kesef Mishna (Tefillah 4:6) explains that this minhag is the same one as the Rav Hai Goan described and it would suffice with pouring 9 kabin on oneself. | ||
* Bet Yosef 88:1 disagrees and rejects the Rabbenu Yonah who distinguishes between Kriyat Shema which is permitted without going to mikveh and other Torah. | * Bet Yosef 88:1 disagrees and rejects the Rabbenu Yonah who distinguishes between Kriyat Shema which is permitted without going to mikveh and other Torah. | ||
* Shulchan Aruch 88:1 rules that the institution of Ezra was completely repealed for Torah and davening.</ref> | * Shulchan Aruch 88:1 rules that the institution of Ezra was completely repealed for Torah and davening.</ref> | ||
# There are pious people who have accepted to keep the original institution of Ezra and go to mikveh for a baal keri. If that is difficult they pour 9 kabin of water on themselves before davening or learning Torah.<ref>Tur OC 241 writes that some pious people voluntary accepted to keep the institution of Ezra and it is a big stringency since even according to Ezra's institution it is sufficient to have 9 kabin poured upon oneself and not go to mikveh. Mishna Brurah 88:4 quotes this practice and writes that if it is difficult for them they can use the 9 kabin.</ref> | |||
# The 9 kabin has to be continuous without interruption and specifically poured on one's head and it isn't sufficient if one bathes in 9 kabin.<ref> Bet Yosef 88:1 quoting Rabbenu Yonah (13b s.v. ki) and Rambam (Mikvaot 3:4) clarifies that the pouring of 9 kabin needs to be continuous without any breaks.</ref> 9 kabin can be estimated to between 12 and 15 liters. <ref>How much is 9 kabin? The Bet Yosef says that is 4.5 Kolondrinas. Mishna Brurah 88:4 says that it is 15 Polish quarts. That is the equivalent of 14.1 liters today, as each Polish quart was 0.9422L ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsolete_Polish_units_of_measurement Wikipedia on Polish Measurements]). Since 9 kabin is 216 beitzim and a beitzah is 55 grams it a total of 11.88 liters. Yalkut Yosef 88:1 writes that it is 12.6 liters. Shoneh Halachot 88:6 writes that it is 21.6 liters.</ref> A shower suffices for the 9 kabin.<ref>Yalkut Yosef 88:1</ref> | |||
# A mikveh for a baal keri can be sheuvim but needs to be in the ground and not in a vessel. Even someone who is strict on this institution if he is sick and saw the emission out of his control and not because of tashmish he doesn't need to go to mikveh.<ref>Rava's conclusion on Brachot 22b is that someone sick who saw a keri involuntarily doesn't need to go to mikveh or 9 kabin. The Rashba 22b s.v. amar (cited by Bet Yosef 88:1) explains that this statement of Rava was relevant to someone who voluntarily decided to be strict and accept the institution of Ezra. Rambam codifies this. Mishna Brurah 88:4 agrees.</ref> | |||
# One shouldn't be strict on this practice if by doing so one is going to miss the time for Kriyat Shema or davening with a minyan.<ref>Mishna Brurah 88:2. See Piskei Teshuvot 88:3 who quotes some who disagree and hold that for someone who usually goes to mikveh it is better to go and miss minyan than not to go. See Minchat Yitzchak 4:61 and Teshuvot Vehanhagot 1:109.</ref> | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
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[[Category:Prayer]] | [[Category:Prayer]] | ||
