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Preparations for Davening: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
→Going to Mikveh
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# If one needs to go to the bathroom, even if one would be able to hold it in for 72 minutes, it would be preferable not to pray until one has gone to the bathroom, unless one will miss praying before the [[latest time for Shemona Esreh]] by doing so. <ref>Yalkut Yosef 92:1</ref> | # If one needs to go to the bathroom, even if one would be able to hold it in for 72 minutes, it would be preferable not to pray until one has gone to the bathroom, unless one will miss praying before the [[latest time for Shemona Esreh]] by doing so. <ref>Yalkut Yosef 92:1</ref> | ||
==Going to Mikveh== | ==Going to Mikveh== | ||
# Originally, Ezra HaSofer made an institution that someone who was impure may not learn Torah or pray until he dips in the mikveh. However, this practice was not upheld and nowadays it is permitted for an impure person to learn Torah and daven.<ref>Gemara Brachot 22a, Rambam | # Originally, Ezra HaSofer made an institution that someone who was impure may not learn Torah or pray until he dips in the mikveh. However, this practice was not upheld and nowadays it is permitted for an impure person to learn Torah and daven.<ref>Gemara Brachot 22a records the institution of Ezra Hasofer that a baal keri couldn't learn or daven until he went to mikveh. The motivation of the institution was that Torah and davening needed a serious frame of mind and a baal keri is incapable of that (Gemara 21b). Additionally, it was to prevent Talmidei Chachamim from being together with their wives too often (Gemara 22a, Rambam Tefillah 4:6, Tur 88:1). The gemara cites Nachum Ish Gam Zu who held that it was sufficient to pour 9 kabin of water on one's head instead of having to go to mikveh. The gemara discusses for whom this remedy worked and Rava (Brachot 22b) concludes that only someone who saw an emission out of his control and not because of tashmish can use this remedy. In any event, Rabbi Yehuda Ben Beteirah (Brachot 22a) repealed the institution of Ezra. The Rashba (Brachot 22a s.v. amar) clarifies that Rabbi Yehuda repealed the institution completely and didn't even require pouring 9 kabin. | ||
* How was he able to repeal an earlier institution? The Rambam (Kriyat Shema 4:8) and Rashba 22a explain that he was able to abolish this institution since a majority of the Jewish people never accepted it. The Meiri 22a quotes others who answer that he was able to abolish it since it was based on a derivation from the Torah and he disagreed with that derivation. | |||
* The Rif Brachot 13b cites two opinions as to whether Ezra completely abolished the institution or only for Torah learning but for davening it remained in place at least with respect to having 9 kabin of water poured on one's head. He concludes with Rav Hai Goan who says that the minhag is strict to keep it for davening. Rosh (Brachot 3:21) quotes the Rif. Rambam (Kriyat Shema 4:8) writes that the establishment of Ezra was repealed for Torah learning and Kriyat Shema and the minhag is to be lenient. However, regarding Tefillah, the Rambam (Tefillah 4:8) writes that although it is permitted to daven without going to mikveh or washing it is the minhag of Bavel and Spain to do so. Kesef Mishna (Tefillah 4:6) explains that this minhag is the same one as the Rav Hai Goan described and it would suffice with pouring 9 kabin on oneself. | |||
* Bet Yosef 88:1 disagrees and rejects the Rabbenu Yonah who distinguishes between Kriyat Shema which is permitted without going to mikveh and other Torah. | |||
* Bet Yosef 88:1 quoting Rabbenu Yonah (13b s.v. ki) and Rambam (Mikvaot 3:4) clarifies that the pouring of 9 kabin needs to be continuous without any breaks. How much is 9 kabin? The Bet Yosef says that is 4.5 Kolondrinas. Mishna Brurah says that it is 15 quarts. Since 9 kabin is 216 beitzim and a beitzah is 55 grams it a total of 11.88 liters. | |||
* Shulchan Aruch 88:1 rules that the institution of Ezra was completely repealed for Torah and davening.</ref> | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Prayer]] | [[Category:Prayer]] | ||
